Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERR245069.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR245070.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR245071.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR245072.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR245073.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:This project aims to investigate the metabolic pathways expressed by the active microbial community occurring at the deep continental subsurface. Subsurface chemoLithoautotrophic Microbial Ecosystems (SLiMEs) under oligotrophic conditions are supported by H2; however, the overall ecological trophic structures of these communities are poorly understood. Some deep, fluid-filled fractures in the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa appear to support inverted trophic pyramids wherein methanogens contributing <5% of the total DNA apparently produce CH4 that supports the rest of the community. Here we show the active metabolic relationships of one such trophic structure by combining metatranscriptomic assemblies, metaproteomic and stable isotopic data, and thermodynamic modeling. Four autotrophic β-proteobacteria genera that are capable of oxidizing sulfur by denitrification dominate. They co-occur with sulfate reducers, anaerobic methane oxidizers and methanogens, which each comprises <5% of the total community. Defining trophic levels of microbial chemolithoautotrophs by the number of transfers from the initial abiotic H2-driven CO2 fixation, we propose a top-down cascade influence of the metabolic consumers that enhances the fitness of the metabolic producers to explain the inverted biomass pyramid of a multitrophic SLiME. Symbiotic partnerships are pivotal in the deep biosphere on and potentially beyond the Earth.
2018-10-27 | PXD004634 | Pride
Project description:Understanding the environmental factors that shape microbial communities is crucial, especially in extreme environments, like Antarctica. Two main forces were reported to influence Antarctic soil microbes: birds and plants. Both birds and plants are currently undergoing unprecedented changes in their distribution and abundance due to global warming. However, we need to clearly understand the relationship between plants, birds and soil microorganisms. We therefore collected rhizosphere and bulk soils from six different sampling sites subjected to different levels of bird influence and colonized by Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica in the Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Maritime Antarctic. Microarray and qPCR assays targeting 16S rRNA genes of specific taxa were used to assess microbial community structure, composition and abundance and analyzed with a range of soil physico-chemical parameters. The results indicated significant rhizosphere effects in four out of the six sites, including areas with different levels of bird influence. Acidobacteria were significantly more abundant in soils with little bird influence (low nitrogen) and in bulk soil. In contrast, Actinobacteria were significantly more abundant in the rhizosphere of both plant species. At two of the sampling sites under strong bird influence (penguin colonies), Firmicutes were significantly more abundant in D. antarctica rhizosphere but not in C. quitensis rhizosphere. The Firmicutes were also positively and significantly correlated to the nitrogen concentrations in the soil. We conclude that the microbial communities in Antarctic soils are driven both by bird and plants, and that the effect is taxa-specific.
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Project description:Fire is a crucial event regulating the structure and functioning of many ecosystems. Yet few studies focused on how fire affects both the taxonomic and functional diversity of soil microbial communities, along with plant diversity and soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics. Here, we analyze these effects for a grassland ecosystem 9-months after an experimental fire at the Jasper Ridge Global Change Experiment (JRGCE) site in California, USA. Fire altered soil microbial communities considerably, with community assembly process analysis indicating that environmental selection pressure was higher in burned sites. However, a small subset of highly connected taxa were able to withstand the disturbance. In addition, fire decreased the relative abundances of most genes associated with C degradation and N cycling, implicating a slow-down of microbial processes linked to soil C and N dynamics. In contrast, fire stimulated plant growth, likely enhancing plant-microbe competition for soil inorganic N. To synthesize our findings, we performed structural equation modeling, which showed that plants but not microbial communities were responsible for the significantly higher soil respiration rates in burned sites. In conclusion, fire is well-documented to considerable alter the taxonomic and functional composition of soil microorganisms, along with the ecosystem functioning, thus arousing feedback of ecosystem responses to affect global climate.
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