The footprint of parasitism revealed by the genome sequence of a parasitic flowering plant, Cuscuta campestris
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB19879 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other | ||||
| Other | ||||
| ERR1913340_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR1913340_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR1916350_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Dodders (Cuscuta spp.) are obligate parasitic plants that obtain water and nutrients from the stems of host plants via specialized feeding structures called haustoria. Dodder haustoria facilitate bi-directional movement of viruses, proteins, and mRNAs between host and parasite, but the functional effects of these movements are not clear. Here we show that C. campestris haustoria accumulate high levels of many novel microRNAs (miRNAs) while parasitizing Arabidopsis thaliana hosts. Many of these miRNAs are 22 nts long, a usually rare size of plant miRNA associated with amplification of target silencing through secondary small interfering RNA (siRNA) production. Several A. thaliana mRNAs are targeted by C. campestris 22 nt miRNAs during parasitism, resulting in high levels of secondary siRNA production. The targeted mRNAs function in hormone perception, pathogen-defense signaling, phloem function, and stem-cell identity. Homologs of these target mRNAs from diverse plants also have high-confidence complementary sites to C. campestris miRNAs, suggesting that homologous mRNAs are targeted by C. campestris across its very broad host range. These data show that C. campestris miRNAs act as trans-species regulators of host gene expression, and suggest that they may act as virulence factors during parasitism.
2017-12-18 | GSE84955 | GEO
Project description:Cuscuta campestris is an obligate parasitic plant that requires a host to complete its lifecycle. Parasite-host connections occur via an haustorium, a unique organ that acts as a bridge for the uptake of water, nutrients and macromolecules. Research on Cuscuta is often complicated by host influences, but comparable systems for growing the parasite in the absence of a host do not exist. We developed an axenic method to grow C. campestris on an Artificial Host System (AHS). We evaluated the effects of nutrients and phytohormones on parasite haustoria development and growth. Haustorium morphology and gene expression were characterized. The AHS consists of an inert, fibrous stick that mimics a host stem, wicking water and nutrients to the parasite. It enables C. campestris to exhibit a parasitic habit and develop through all stages of its lifecycle, including production of new shoots and viable seeds. Phytohormones NAA and BA affect haustoria morphology, and increase parasite fresh weight and biomass. Gene expression in AHS haustoria reflect process similar to those in haustoria on actual host plants. The AHS is a methodological improvement for studying Cuscuta biology by avoiding specific host effects on parasite and giving researchers full control of the parasite environment.
2022-06-07 | GSE178396 | GEO
Project description:The parasitic plant Cuscuta campestris produces specialized microRNAs that are specifically expressed at the haustorial interface. Some of these "Interface-Induced MicroRNAs" function to target host mRNAs. C. campestris haustoria can be induced in the absence of any host tissues using a combination of light and physical pressure. This experiment tested with such in vitro, host-free haustoria produced interface-induced microRNAs. Small RNA-seq was performed from three different treatments: Shoot tips of C. campestris without any haustoria formation, in vitro haustoria formed in the presence of host tissue (detached leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana) and in vitro haustoria formed in the absence of any host tissue.
2022-07-06 | GSE205256 | GEO
Project description:A parasitic lifestyle, where plants procure some or all of their nutrients from other living plants, has evolved independently in many dicotyledonous plant families and is a major threat for agriculture globally. Nevertheless, no genome sequence of a parasitic plant has been reported to date. Here we describe the genome sequence of the parasitic field dodder, Cuscuta campestris. The genome contains signatures of a fairly recent whole-genome duplication and lacks genes for pathways superfluous to a parasitic lifestyle. Specifically, genes needed for high photosynthetic activity are lost, explaining the low photosynthesis rates displayed by the parasite. Moreover, several genes involved in nutrient uptake processes from the soil are lost. On the other hand, evidence for horizontal gene transfer by way of genomic DNA integration from the parasite's hosts is found. We conclude that the parasitic lifestyle has left characteristic footprints in the C. campestris genome.
| S-EPMC6023873 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cuscuta campestris and Cucumis sativus Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA523714 | ENA
Project description:Cuscuta campestris is an obligate parasitic plant that attaches to the stems of host plants to obtain water and nutrients. C. campestris produces a specialized set of microRNAs specifically at the host-parasite interface. Many of these interface-induced microRNAs target mRNAs from the host. This experiment was designed to capture full-length primary transcripts that give rise to C. campestris interface-induced microRNAs. C. campestris shoot tips were stimulated to produce haustoria, then harvested to extract total RNA. RNA was then treated with various enzymes to modify 5' ends. Libraries were then made and sequenced. Importantly the library method only captures RNAs with a 5'-monophosphate. Therefore the specific enzymatic treatments can reveal the native 5' ends of the sequenced RNAs. Data were used to identify the primary transcripts for many of the known C. campestris primary microRNA transcripts. The data were also interrogated to tally specific snRNAs (U1, U2, U4, and U5) that are known to have a 2,2,7mGppp cap, and the tally pre-tRNAs, which are known to have a ppp 5' end. The analyzed results indicated that C. campestris interface-induced microRNA primary transcripts likely have a 5' ppp, not a cap, consistent with transcription by RNA polymerase III. The analysis also demonstrated that C. campestris interface-induced microRNA primary transcripts mostly terminate within stretches of polyT and lack polyA tails, also features consistent with Pol III transcription. Finally, the analysis indicated that the transcriptional start sites were located ~ 55 bp downstream of a common ten-base pair promoter element (the upstream sequence element). The 55bp spacing is also consistent with Pol III transcription.
2023-01-03 | GSE221347 | GEO
Project description:A host-free transcriptome for early haustorium development in Cuscuta campestris
| PRJNA666991 | ENA
Project description:Cuscuta campestris is an obligate stem parasite which uses an organ called the haustoria to divert water and photosynthates from the host. Previously, we have identified that at the haustorial interface between Cuscuta campestris and Arabidopsis thaliana, miRNAs generated by the parasite are able to move into the host and regulate host gene expression. This study identifies how long after attachment does trans-species miRNA transcription begin in Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum, as well as identifying which stage of haustoria development they become detectable. A time course was performed by harvesting interfaces every 24 hours post attachment, and samples were subjected to RNA extraction and sRNA sequencing. We have identified that in Arabidopsis thaliana, trans-species miRNAs become detectable two days post attachment. In S. lycopersicum, some trans-species miRNAs are detectable one day post attachment, but all become detectable by day 2. Secondary siRNA accumulation was detected four days post attachment in both hosts. In order to determine which stage of haustoria development trans-species miRNAs become detectable, vibratome sectioning was performed on the haustorial interfaces of both hosts. By looking at the morphology of the developing haustoria, it was determined that trans-species miRNAs become detectable during the adhesive phase. This suggests that trans-species miRNA production is one of the first steps of haustoria development, as the parasite tissue has not started to invade host tissue before they become detectable.
2022-07-06 | GSE184642 | GEO
Project description:Cuscuta campestris is an obligate stem parasite which uses an organ called the haustoria to divert water and photosynthates from the host. Previously, we have identified that at the haustorial interface between Cuscuta campestris and Arabidopsis thaliana, miRNAs generated by the parasite are able to move into the host and regulate host gene expression. This study identifies how long after attachment does trans-species miRNA transcription begin in Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum, as well as identifying which stage of haustoria development they become detectable. A time course was performed by harvesting interfaces every 24 hours post attachment, and samples were subjected to RNA extraction and sRNA sequencing. We have identified that in Arabidopsis thaliana, trans-species miRNAs become detectable two days post attachment. In S. lycopersicum, some trans-species miRNAs are detectable one day post attachment, but all become detectable by day 2. Secondary siRNA accumulation was detected four days post attachment in both hosts. In order to determine which stage of haustoria development trans-species miRNAs become detectable, vibratome sectioning was performed on the haustorial interfaces of both hosts. By looking at the morphology of the developing haustoria, it was determined that trans-species miRNAs become detectable during the adhesive phase. This suggests that trans-species miRNA production is one of the first steps of haustoria development, as the parasite tissue has not started to invade host tissue before they become detectable.
2022-07-06 | GSE184641 | GEO