Synchronized radiations of fungi and plants linked to symbiosis
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB23636 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Interactions between fungi and plants, including parasitism, mutualism, and saprotrophy, have been invoked as key to their respective macroevolutionary success. Here we evaluate the origins of plant-fungal symbioses and saprotrophy using a time-calibrated phylogenetic framework that reveals linked and drastic shifts in diversification rates of each kingdom. Fungal colonization of land was associated with at least two origins of terrestrial green algae and preceded embryophytes (as evidenced by losses of fungal flagellum, ca. 720?Ma), likely facilitating terrestriality through endomycorrhizal and possibly endophytic symbioses. The largest radiation of fungi (Leotiomyceta), the origin of arbuscular mycorrhizae, and the diversification of extant embryophytes occurred ca. 480?Ma. This was followed by the origin of extant lichens. Saprotrophic mushrooms diversified in the Late Paleozoic as forests of seed plants started to dominate the landscape. The subsequent diversification and explosive radiation of Agaricomycetes, and eventually of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms, were associated with the evolution of Pinaceae in the Mesozoic, and establishment of angiosperm-dominated biomes in the Cretaceous.
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Project description:The mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis arose in land plants more than 450 million years ago. This symbiosis is still widely found across major land plant lineages, including bryophytes. Despite its broad taxonomic distribution, little is known about the molecular components underpinning symbiosis outside of flowering plants. Here, we demonstrate that a broad AM genetic programme is conserved amongst land plants. In this study, we characterised the dynamic response of the liverwort Marchantia paleacea to Rhizophagus irregularis colonization by time-resolved transcriptomics across three stages of symbiosis. Comparative analysis of transcriptional responses to symbiosis in the liverwort M. paleacea and the legume Medicago truncatula further revealed evolutionarily conserved expression patterns for genes underpinning pre-symbiotic signalling, intracellular colonization and nutrient exchange. This study demonstrates that the genetic machinery regulating key aspects of symbiosis in plant hosts is largely conserved and coregulated across land plants.
2024-08-08 | GSE245702 | GEO
Project description:The colonization of land by plants relied on fundamental biological innovations, among which was symbiosis with fungi to enhance nutrient uptake. Here we present evidence that several species representing the earliest groups of land plants are symbiotic with fungi of the Mucoromycotina. This finding brings up the possibility that terrestrialization was facilitated by these fungi rather than, as conventionally proposed, by members of the Glomeromycota. Since the 1970s it has been assumed, largely from the observation that vascular plant fossils of the early Devonian (400 Ma) show arbuscule-like structures, that fungi of the Glomeromycota were the earliest to form mycorrhizas, and evolutionary trees have, until now, placed Glomeromycota as the oldest known lineage of endomycorrhizal fungi. Our observation that Endogone-like fungi are widely associated with the earliest branching land plants, and give way to glomeromycotan fungi in later lineages, raises the new hypothesis that members of the Mucoromycotina rather than the Glomeromycota enabled the establishment and growth of early land colonists.
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Project description:affy_ams_maize - aafy_ams_maize - Main objectives of this study: - role of plant cell wall during AM symbiosis - regulation pattern during AM symbiosis - understanding of the original mycorrhizal phenotype of bm4 - search of candidate-genes to study AM symbiosis-After 7 days in phytochambers, plantlets were transplanted in 2L of humidified bedrock with 3000 spores for inoculation conditions or without spore for mock conditions then plants have grown in greenhouse. Maize roots have been sampled 7 weeks post-inoculation and freezed in liquid nitrogen then stocked at -80°C. Total RNA was isolated from frozen root tissue by using the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen) following the manufacturer’s instructions. Keywords: treated vs untreated comparison
2011-05-03 | GSE22950 | GEO
Project description:affy_ams_maize - aafy_ams_maize - Main objectives of this study: - role of plant cell wall during AM symbiosis - regulation pattern during AM symbiosis - understanding of the original mycorrhizal phenotype of bm4 - search of candidate-genes to study AM symbiosis-After 7 days in phytochambers, plantlets were transplanted in 2L of humidified bedrock with 3000 spores for inoculation conditions or without spore for mock conditions then plants have grown in greenhouse. Maize roots have been sampled 7 weeks post-inoculation and freezed in liquid nitrogen then stocked at -80M-BM-0C. Total RNA was isolated from frozen root tissue by using the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen) following the manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys instructions. Keywords: treated vs untreated comparison 8 arrays - maize
2011-05-03 | E-GEOD-22950 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:12plex_medicago_2013-08 - r108 in symbiosis with rhizobia wt or rhizobia mutant for baca. - Two experiments to compare the transcriptomic response of medicago plants: Agar medium versus Phytagel medium (exp1) and rhizobium WT versus BacA (exp2). - Medicago truncatula ecotype R108 was inoculated with the symbiotic rhizobium Sinorhizobium meliloti strain Sm1021 and with its derivative mutant delta bacA. Nodules were collected 13 days after inoculation, and RNA were prepared for transcriptome analysis, there were three biological independant experiements.
2018-11-01 | GSE121775 | GEO
Project description:Although previous studies have addressed the possible benefits of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis for rice plants under salinity, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we showed that rice colonized with AM fungi had better growth performance and higher K+/Na+ ratio under salt stress. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) responding to AM symbiosis especially under salt stress were obtained from RNA sequencing. AM-regulated DEGs in cell wall modification and peroxidases categories were mainly upregulated in shoots, suggesting AM symbiosis might assist in relaxing the cell wall and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). AM symbiosis indeed improved ROS scavenging capacity in rice shoots under salt stress. In addition, genes involved in Calvin cycle and terpenoid synthesis were enhanced by AM symbiosis in shoots and roots under salt stress, respectively. AM-upregulated cation transporters and aquaporin in both shoots and roots were highlighted. Strikingly, “protein tyrosine kinase activity” subcategory was the most significantly over-represented GO term among all AM-upregulated and downregulated DEGs in both shoots and roots, highlighting the importance of kinase on AM-enhanced salinity tolerance. Overall, our results from the transcriptomic analyses indicate that AM symbiosis uses a multipronged approach to help plants achieve salt stress tolerance.
2022-04-18 | GSE200863 | GEO
Project description:Synchronized yeast meiotic culture timecourse
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Project description:The goals of this study is to compare transcriptome profiles (RNA-seq) of synchronized and non-synchronized neurons in zebrafish dorsal pallium in response to CAS treatment.Tg(HuC:H2B-GCaMP6f) fish of 4-5 weeks old were were fixed in a recording chamber containing extracellular fluid, and neurons with synchronized or non-synchronized calcium activity after CAS treatment were identified by two-photon imaging and collected separately with glass pipette. Single cells were transferred to the lysis buffer solution. Total RNA was extracted using TRIzol (Invitrogen) and then purified on RNeasy columns (Qiagen). Total RNA quality was assessed on a bioanalyzer (Thermofisher). RNA-Seq libraries (N=10) for each group were prepared using the Illumina TruSeq Strand mRNA Prep Kit according to the manufacturer's instructions. RNA-Seq libraries were sequenced using Illumina NextSeq 500, generating 75 bp paired-end reads for each sample. RNA-Seq reads untrimmed. Differential expression analysis was performed using the CPM (counts per million) function in the Bioconductor package edgeR (v 3.14.0). Low expression genes were excluded to make a simple correction for gene counts. Genes with P-value (instead of adjusted P-value) < 0.05 were assigned as differentially expressed. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between synchronized and non-synchronized neurons in zebrafish dorsal pallium in response to CAS treatment. Synchronized neurons expressed much higher level of glutamate transporter genes (slc17a7a, slc17a6a), while non-synchronized neurons showed significantly higher expression of gad1b, suggesting that synchronized neurons are primarily glutamatergic, while non-synchronized neurons are mainly GABAergic.
2024-01-31 | GSE253039 | GEO
Project description:Casuarina glauca belongs to a family of angiosperms called actinorhizal plants because they can develop nitrogen-fixing nodules in association with the soil bacteria Frankia. The aim of this transcriptomic study was to study the role of the plant growth regulator auxin during actinorhizal symbiosis and to identify key plant genes that are involved in auxin signaling during symbiosis in C. glauca. Symbiosis between C. glauca and Frankia was obtained after inoculation of young plant with a concentrated culture of the bacteria. Inoculation was performed in a medium depleted in nitrogen (N2) which favors the induction of nitrogen fixing symbiosis. For auxin role study, plant were treated with 25µM 1-naphtoxy acetic acid (1-NOA) all along nodulation time. Nodule were harvested 3 weeks after inoculation. For this study we considered two stages: - 21 days old nodules obtained on plants not treated with 1-NOA (control condition) - 21 days old nodules obtained on plants supplemented with 25µM of 1-NOA. Three biological replicates were used for each condition, however due to non valid staistics, two of the replicates (one for control condition, one for treated condition were removed.
2014-12-31 | GSE55582 | GEO