Microbe's microbiomes: 18S rRNA gene sequences.
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB25892 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Ribosome biogenesis is essential for protein synthesis in gene expression. Yeast eIF5B has been shown biochemically to facilitate 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation during late-40S ribosomal subunit assembly and gate the transition from translation initiation to elongation. But the effects of eIF5B have not been studied at the genome-wide level in any organism, and 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation is poorly understood in plants. Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 was found to promote development and heat-stress acclimation by translational regulation, but its molecular function remained unknown. Here, we show that HOT3 is a late-stage ribosome biogenesis factor that facilitates 18S rRNA 3’ end processing and is a translation initiation factor that globally impacts the transition from initiation to elongation. By developing and implementing 18S-ENDseq, we revealed previously unknown events in 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation or metabolism. We quantitatively defined new processing hotspots and identified adenylation as the prevalent non-templated RNA modification at the 3’ ends of pre-18S rRNAs. Aberrant 18S rRNA maturation in hot3 further activated RNAi to generate RDR1- and DCL2/4-dependent risiRNAs mainly from a 3’ portion of 18S rRNA. We further showed that risiRNAs in hot3 were predominantly localized in ribosome-free fractions not responsible for the 18S rRNA maturation or translation initiation defects in hot3. Our study uncovered the molecular function of HOT3/eIF5B1 in 18S rRNA maturation at the late-40S assembly stage and revealed the regulatory crosstalk among ribosome biogenesis, mRNA translation initiation, and siRNA biogenesis in plants.
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Project description:Ribosome biogenesis is essential for protein synthesis in gene expression. Yeast eIF5B has been shown biochemically to facilitate 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation during late-40S ribosomal subunit assembly and gate the transition from translation initiation to elongation. But the effects of eIF5B have not been studied at the genome-wide level in any organism, and 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation is poorly understood in plants. Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 was found to promote development and heat-stress acclimation by translational regulation, but its molecular function remained unknown. Here, we show that HOT3 is a late-stage ribosome biogenesis factor that facilitates 18S rRNA 3’ end processing and is a translation initiation factor that globally impacts the transition from initiation to elongation. By developing and implementing 18S-ENDseq, we revealed previously unknown events in 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation or metabolism. We quantitatively defined new processing hotspots and identified adenylation as the prevalent non-templated RNA modification at the 3’ ends of pre-18S rRNAs. Aberrant 18S rRNA maturation in hot3 further activated RNAi to generate RDR1- and DCL2/4-dependent risiRNAs mainly from a 3’ portion of 18S rRNA. We further showed that risiRNAs in hot3 were predominantly localized in ribosome-free fractions not responsible for the 18S rRNA maturation or translation initiation defects in hot3. Our study uncovered the molecular function of HOT3/eIF5B1 in 18S rRNA maturation at the late-40S assembly stage and revealed the regulatory crosstalk among ribosome biogenesis, mRNA translation initiation, and siRNA biogenesis in plants.
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Project description:Ribosome biogenesis is essential for protein synthesis in gene expression. Yeast eIF5B has been shown biochemically to facilitate 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation during late-40S ribosomal subunit assembly and gate the transition from translation initiation to elongation. But the effects of eIF5B have not been studied at the genome-wide level in any organism, and 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation is poorly understood in plants. Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 was found to promote development and heat-stress acclimation by translational regulation, but its molecular function remained unknown. Here, we show that HOT3 is a late-stage ribosome biogenesis factor that facilitates 18S rRNA 3’ end processing and is a translation initiation factor that globally impacts the transition from initiation to elongation. By developing and implementing 18S-ENDseq, we revealed previously unknown events in 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation or metabolism. We quantitatively defined new processing hotspots and identified adenylation as the prevalent non-templated RNA modification at the 3’ ends of pre-18S rRNAs. Aberrant 18S rRNA maturation in hot3 further activated RNAi to generate RDR1- and DCL2/4-dependent risiRNAs mainly from a 3’ portion of 18S rRNA. We further showed that risiRNAs in hot3 were predominantly localized in ribosome-free fractions not responsible for the 18S rRNA maturation or translation initiation defects in hot3. Our study uncovered the molecular function of HOT3/eIF5B1 in 18S rRNA maturation at the late-40S assembly stage and revealed the regulatory crosstalk among ribosome biogenesis, mRNA translation initiation, and siRNA biogenesis in plants.
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Project description:Ribosome biogenesis is essential for protein synthesis in gene expression. Yeast eIF5B has been shown biochemically to facilitate 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation during late-40S ribosomal subunit assembly and gate the transition from translation initiation to elongation. But the effects of eIF5B have not been studied at the genome-wide level in any organism, and 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation is poorly understood in plants. Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 was found to promote development and heat-stress acclimation by translational regulation, but its molecular function remained unknown. Here, we show that HOT3 is a late-stage ribosome biogenesis factor that facilitates 18S rRNA 3’ end processing and is a translation initiation factor that globally impacts the transition from initiation to elongation. By developing and implementing 18S-ENDseq, we revealed previously unknown events in 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation or metabolism. We quantitatively defined new processing hotspots and identified adenylation as the prevalent non-templated RNA modification at the 3’ ends of pre-18S rRNAs. Aberrant 18S rRNA maturation in hot3 further activated RNAi to generate RDR1- and DCL2/4-dependent risiRNAs mainly from a 3’ portion of 18S rRNA. We further showed that risiRNAs in hot3 were predominantly localized in ribosome-free fractions not responsible for the 18S rRNA maturation or translation initiation defects in hot3. Our study uncovered the molecular function of HOT3/eIF5B1 in 18S rRNA maturation at the late-40S assembly stage and revealed the regulatory crosstalk among ribosome biogenesis, mRNA translation initiation, and siRNA biogenesis in plants.
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Project description:18S nonfunctional rRNA decay (NRD) detects and eliminates translationally nonfunctional 18S rRNA. The underlying mechanisms associated with the detection and turnover of nonfunctional 18S rRNA remain elusive. While NRD has been identified and exclusively studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is unclear whether this quality control pathway exists in mammals. Here we demonstrate the conservation of 18S NRD in mammalian cells. Using genome-wide CRISPR genetic interaction screens, we identify two molecular events triggered by nonfunctional 18S rRNA— activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) and ubiquitination of ribosomal proteins elicited by GCN2 and RNF10, respectively. Selective ribosome profiling reveals nonfunctional 18S rRNA induces translation arrest at start sites. Biochemical analyses show that activation of the ISR limits translation initiation, attenuating collisions between scanning 43S preinitiation complexes and nonfunctional 80S ribosomes arrested at start sites. Thus, the ISR facilitates the turnover of nonfunctional 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal proteins by RNF10-mediated ubiquitination. Altogether, these results establish a dynamic feedback mechanism by which cells finetune translation initiation to enable ribosome functionality surveillance through the GCN2-RNF10 axis.
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Project description:18S nonfunctional rRNA decay (NRD) detects and eliminates translationally nonfunctional 18S rRNA. The underlying mechanisms associated with the detection and turnover of nonfunctional 18S rRNA remain elusive. While NRD has been identified and exclusively studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is unclear whether this quality control pathway exists in mammals. Here we demonstrate the conservation of 18S NRD in mammalian cells. Using genome-wide CRISPR genetic interaction screens, we identify two molecular events triggered by nonfunctional 18S rRNA— activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) and ubiquitination of ribosomal proteins elicited by GCN2 and RNF10, respectively. Selective ribosome profiling reveals nonfunctional 18S rRNA induces translation arrest at start sites. Biochemical analyses show that activation of the ISR limits translation initiation, attenuating collisions between scanning 43S preinitiation complexes and nonfunctional 80S ribosomes arrested at start sites. Thus, the ISR facilitates the turnover of nonfunctional 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal proteins by RNF10-mediated ubiquitination. Altogether, these results establish a dynamic feedback mechanism by which cells finetune translation initiation to enable ribosome functionality surveillance through the GCN2-RNF10 axis.
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Project description:18S nonfunctional rRNA decay (NRD) detects and eliminates translationally nonfunctional 18S rRNA. The underlying mechanisms associated with the detection and turnover of nonfunctional 18S rRNA remain elusive. While NRD has been identified and exclusively studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is unclear whether this quality control pathway exists in mammals. Here we demonstrate the conservation of 18S NRD in mammalian cells. Using genome-wide CRISPR genetic interaction screens, we identify two molecular events triggered by nonfunctional 18S rRNA— activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) and ubiquitination of ribosomal proteins elicited by GCN2 and RNF10, respectively. Selective ribosome profiling reveals nonfunctional 18S rRNA induces translation arrest at start sites. Biochemical analyses show that activation of the ISR limits translation initiation, attenuating collisions between scanning 43S preinitiation complexes and nonfunctional 80S ribosomes arrested at start sites. Thus, the ISR facilitates the turnover of nonfunctional 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal proteins by RNF10-mediated ubiquitination. Altogether, these results establish a dynamic feedback mechanism by which cells finetune translation initiation to enable ribosome functionality surveillance through the GCN2-RNF10 axis.
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