Seasonal changes of the fungal and bacterial communities in a Chinese fir plantation
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PROVIDER: PRJEB29412 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:seasonal changes of the fungal and bacterial communities in a Chinese fir plantation
| PRJEB29241 | ENA
Project description:The seasonal changes of the fungal and bacterial communities in a continuously-cropped Chinese fir plantation
| PRJEB29387 | ENA
Project description:The seasonal changes of the fungal and bacterial communities in a continuously-cropped Chinese fir plantation
| PRJEB29396 | ENA
Project description:Soil microorganisms are key regulators for plant growth and ecosystem health of forest ecosystem. Although previous research has demonstrated that soil microorganisms are greatly affected by understory nitrogen (N) addition, little is known about the effects of canopy N addition (CNA) and understory management on soil microorganisms in forests. In this study, we conducted a full designed field experiment with four treatments: CNA (25 kg N ha-1 year-1), understory removal (UR), canopy N addition, and understory removal (CNAUR) (25 kg N ha-1 year-1), and control in a Chinese fir plantation. High-throughput sequencing and qPCR techniques were used to determine the abundance, diversity, and composition of bacterial and fungal communities in three soil layers. Our results showed that CNA increased bacterial diversity in the 10-20 cm soil layer but decreased bacterial abundance in the 20-40 cm soil layer and fungal diversity in the 0-10 cm soil layer. UR increased bacterial abundance only in the 20-40 cm soil layer. CNA, not UR significantly altered the compositions of soil bacterial and fungal community compositions, especially in the 0-20 cm soil layer. CNA sharply reduced the relative abundance of copiotrophic taxa (i.e., taxa in the bacterial phylum Proteobacteria and the orders Eurotiales and Helotiales in the fungal phylum Ascomycota) but increased the relative abundance of oligotrophic taxa (i.e., in the bacterial phylum Verrucomicrobia). RDA analysis revealed that soil pH, DON, and DOC were the main factors associated with the variation in bacterial and fungal communities. Our findings suggest that short-term CNA changes both soil bacterial and fungal communities, with stronger responses in the surface and middle soil than in the deep soil layer, and that UR may enhance this effect on the soil bacterial abundance. This study improves our understanding of soil microorganisms in plantations managed with understory removal and that experience increases in N deposition.
| S-EPMC9597510 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Successive rotation and monoculture, as common silvicultural practices, are extensively applied worldwide, particularly in subtropical Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations in southern China. Although regeneration failure and productivity decline are frequently observed in continuous monoculture plantations, the potential mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to compare the diversity and composition of bacterial and fungal communities among different generations of Chinese fir plantation (first rotation, FRP; second rotation, SRP; third rotation, TRP) and natural forest (NF) in December and June. Our results showed significant declines in richness and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in TRP compared with FRP and SRP, but no significant difference between FRP and SRP. The fungal phyla with high relative abundance were Basidiomycota (12.9-76.9%) and Ascomycota (14.3-52.8%), while the bacterial phyla with high relative abundance were Acidobacteria (39.1-57.7%) and Proteobacteria (21.2-39.5%) in all treatments at both sampling months. On average, the relative abundance of Basidiomycota in TRP increased by 53.4%, while that of Ascomycota decreased by 37.1% compared with FRP and SRP. Moreover, soil NH4 +-N, pH, and DOC appear to be the key factors in shaping the fungal communities, while soil NH4 +-N, DOCN, and AP primarily drive the changes in bacterial communities. Collectively, our findings highlighted the alteration of soil bacterial and fungal communities induced by changes in soil nutrient environment in different generations of continuously cultivated Chinese fir plantation.
| S-EPMC7058989 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Climatic change causes obvious seasonal meteorological drought in southern China, yet there is a lack of comprehensive in situ studies on the effects of drought in Eucalyptus plantations. Here, a 50% throughfall reduction (TR) experiment was conducted to investigate the seasonal variations of soil bacterial and fungal communities and functions in a subtropical Eucalyptus plantation and their responses to TR treatment. Soil samples were collected from control (CK) and TR plots in the dry and rainy seasons and were subjected to high-throughput sequencing analysis. Results showed that TR treatment significantly reduced soil water content (SWC) in the rainy season. In CK and TR treatments, fungal alpha-diversity decreased in the rainy season while bacterial alpha-diversity did not change significantly between dry and rainy seasons. Moreover, bacterial networks were more affected by seasonal variations compared with fungal networks. Redundancy analysis showed that alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen and SWC contributed the most to the bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. Functional prediction indicated that the expression of soil bacterial metabolic functions and symbiotic fungi decreased in the rainy season. In conclusion, seasonal variations have a stronger effect on soil microbial community composition, diversity, and function compared with TR treatment. These findings could be used to develop management practices for subtropical Eucalyptus plantations and help maintain soil microbial diversity to sustain long-term ecosystem function and services in response to future changes in precipitation patterns.
| S-EPMC10086269 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Fungal communities play a key role in ecosystem functioning. However, only little is known about their composition in plant roots and the soil of biomass plantations. The goal of this study was to analyze fungal biodiversity in their belowground habitats and to gain information on the strategies by which ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi form colonies. In a 2-year-old plantation, fungal communities in the soil and roots of three different poplar genotypes (Populus × canescens, wildtype and two transgenic lines with suppressed cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity) were analyzed by 454 pyrosequencing targeting the rDNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS) region. The results were compared with the dynamics of the root-associated ECM community studied by morphotyping/Sanger sequencing in two subsequent years. Fungal species and family richness in the soil were surprisingly high in this simple plantation ecosystem, with 5944 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 186 described fungal families. These findings indicate the importance that fungal species are already available for colonization of plant roots (2399 OTUs and 115 families). The transgenic modification of poplar plants had no influence on fungal root or soil communities. Fungal families and OTUs were more evenly distributed in the soil than in roots, probably as a result of soil plowing before the establishment of the plantation. Saprophytic, pathogenic, and endophytic fungi were the dominating groups in soil, whereas ECMs were dominant in roots (87%). Arbuscular mycorrhizal diversity was higher in soil than in roots. Species richness of the root-associated ECM community, which was low compared with ECM fungi detected by 454 analyses, increased after 1 year. This increase was mainly caused by ECM fungal species already traced in the preceding year in roots. This result supports the priority concept that ECMs present on roots have a competitive advantage over soil-localized ECM fungi.
| S-EPMC3433996 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Both fungal and bacterial communities in soils play key roles in driving forest ecosystem processes across multiple time scales, but how seasonal changes in environmental factors shape these microbial communities is not well understood. Here, we aimed to evaluate the importance of seasons, elevation, and soil depth in determining soil fungal and bacterial communities, given the influence of climate conditions, soil properties and plant traits. In this study, seasonal patterns of diversity and abundance did not synchronize between fungi and bacteria, where soil fertility explained the diversity and abundance of soil fungi but soil water content explained those of soil bacteria. Model-based clustering showed that seasonal changes in both abundant and rare taxonomic groups were different between soil fungi and bacteria. The cluster represented by ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius was a dominant group across soil fungal communities and fluctuated seasonally. For soil bacteria, the clusters composed of dominant genera were seasonally stable but varied greatly depending on elevation and soil depth. Seasonally changing clusters of soil bacteria (e.g., Nitrospira and Pelosinus) were not dominant groups and were related to plant phenology. These findings suggest that the contribution of seasonal changes in climate conditions, soil fertility, and plant phenology to microbial communities might be equal to or greater than the effects of spatial heterogeneity of those factors. Our study identifies aboveground-belowground components as key factors explaining how microbial communities change during a year in forest soils at mid-to-high latitudes.
| S-EPMC6716449 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Tillage can strongly affect the long-term productivity of an agricultural system by altering the composition and spatial distribution of nutrients and microbial communities. The impact of tillage methods on the vertical distribution of soil microbial communities is not well understood, and the correlation between microbial communities and soil nutrients vertical distributions is also not clear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of conventional plowing tillage (CT: moldboard plowing), reduced tillage (RT: rotary tillage), and no tillage (NT) on the composition of bacterial and fungal communities within the soil profile (0-5, 5-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm) using high-throughput sequencing of the microbial 16S/ITS gene. Microbial communities differed by soil properties and sampling depth. Tillage treatment strongly affected the microbial community structure and distribution by soil depth, and changed the vertical distribution of soil bacterial and fungal communities differently. Depth decay of bacterial communities was significantly smaller in CT than in RT and NT, and that of fungal communities were significantly greater in RT than CT and NT. The presence/absence of species was the main contributing factor for the vertical variation of bacterial communities, whereas for fungal communities the main factor was the difference in relative abundance of the species, suggesting niche-based process was more important for bacterial than fungal community in structuring the vertical distribution. Soil total carbon was correlated more with soil bacterial (especially the anaerobic and facultatively anaerobic groups) than with fungal community. These results suggested different roles of bacteria and fungi in carbon sequestration of crop residue and in shaping soil carbon distribution, which might impact on soil fertility.
| S-EPMC5900040 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Near-natural forest management plays an important role in the maintenance of the long-term productivity and soil fertility of plantations. We conducted high-throughput absolute quantitative sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to compare the structures and diversity of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities among a pure Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation (S), a Cunninghamia lanceolata-Castanopsis hystrix-Michelia hedyosperma mixed plantation (SHX), and a Cunninghamia lanceolata-Castanopsis fissa mixed plantation (SD). The results revealed that near-natural forest management improved the rhizosphere soil properties of Chinese fir, especially the phosphorus content. Rhizosphere soil bacterial communities of Chinese fir in SHX and SD contained higher total absolute abundances and more unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) than the pure plantation forest. Planctomycetes and Actinobacteria were abundant in SD, and Actinobacteria were enriched in SHX. The tree species also had an impact on the rhizosphere soil bacterial communities. For the rhizosphere soils of different tree species of SHX, the available phosphorus (AP) content of the rhizosphere of Chinese fir significantly surpassed those of Castanopsis hystrix and Michelia hedyosperma. Bacteria related to nitrogen fixing, such as Burkholderiales and Rhizobiales, were more abundant in Chinese fir in SD than in Castanopsis fissa. Acdiobacteria and Proteobacteria underpinned the differences found in the compositions of soil bacteria. The pH and soil organic matter were key variables influencing the rhizosphere soil bacterial communities. Our results demonstrated that in Chinese fir plantations, 12 years of near-natural management of introduced broad-leaved tree species can drive alterations of the physicochemical characteristics, bacterial community structure, and composition of rhizosphere soil, with tree species identity further influencing the rhizosphere soil bacterial community. IMPORTANCE Near-natural forest management is an important way to change the soil fertility decline and productivity reduction of pure Chinese fir plantations. At present, many detailed studies have been carried out on the impact of near-natural forest management on Chinese fir plantations at home and abroad. However, there are still few studies on the response of rhizosphere bacterial communities to near-natural forest management. Our study determined absolute quantities of Chinese fir rhizosphere bacterial communities in different mixed patterns. The results underscore the importance of near-natural forest management for Chinese fir plantation rhizosphere bacterial communities and provide new information on soil factors that affect rhizosphere bacterial communities in South China.
| S-EPMC9927156 | biostudies-literature