Acclimation of Romanchella perrieri
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB30561 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Understanding the molecular basis of plant heat tolerance helps to predict the consequences of climate warming on plant performance, particularly in vulnerable environments. Our current understanding comes primarily from studies in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) and select crops exposed to short and intense periods of heat stress. In this study we sought to characterise the transcriptomic responses of Wahlenbergia ceracea (W. ceracea), an Australian alpine herb, to growth under sustained moderate warming. We compared responses of pre-defined tolerant and sensitive lines, based on measures of photosynthetic thermostability, to growth under cool (24/15 ºC day/night) or warm (30/20 ºC day/night) temperatures to identify the pathways involved in heat tolerance and acclimation. Under warmer growth temperatures, W. ceracea up-regulated genes involved in RNA metabolism, while down-regulating those involved in photosynthesis and pigment metabolism. In tolerant lines, genes related to photosystem II and light-dependent photosynthetic reactions were more strongly down-regulated. This suggests that the regulation of electron transport and its components may be involved in thermal acclimation. Our results also highlight the importance of hormonal gene networks, particularly those responsive to ethylene, during longer-term moderate warming. In conclusion, our results point to post-transcriptional processes and the stabilisation of the electron transport chain as candidate mechanisms for thermal acclimation in heat-tolerant W. ceracea. The study also revealed many temperature-responsive genes with no detectable ortholog in Arabidopsis, whose characterization may enhance our understanding of physiological acclimation and have relevance for the biotechnological improvement of threatened species and crops.
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2019-08-31 | E-MTAB-8241 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:As a result of increasing thermal fluctuations and mean temperature values, organisms will experience conditions beyond their physiological limits. In situ adaptation to thermal regimes is mediated via directional selection and phenotypic plasticity. The latter involves physiological and morphological adjustments realized by underlying molecular mechanisms. Understanding species' adaptive capacities requires investigating these adjustive processes. Yet, acclimation through phenotypic plasticity remains largely unexplored, especially at the molecular level; For example, whether cold-adapted species inhabiting freshwater spring ecosystems have evolved adaptive mechanisms to cope with warming of freshwater habitats has, to our knowledge, never been investigated. This work reports a comprehensive proteomics study of the stenotopic species Crunoecia irrorata (Curtis, 1834) (Trichoptera: Lepistomatidae) acclimated to 10, 15 and 20 °C for 168 h. A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based shotgun proteomics approach identified molecular mechanisms underlying acclimation. We constructed a homology-based database by combining genomic and transcriptomic data from related species and quantified 1356 proteins, of which 186 were differentially expressed between temperature treatments. Through functional annotation, we identified candidate proteins facilitating, among others, trehalose accumulation, tracheal system alteration, and heat shock protein regulation, then discuss concomitant ecophysiological implications. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms of adaptive responses to warming of species inhabiting freshwater ecosystems sensitive to climate change. Further, identified candidate proteins will aid in developing targeted experiments to understand their compensatory physiology. To our knowledge, this is the first study utilizing this approach to investigate the nature of phenotypic plasticity of aquatic macroinvertebrates.
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Project description:Background: Ocean temperatures are projected to increase over the coming century, with dramatic consequences for the marine biosphere. Diatoms are important contributors to marine primary production and the ocean carbon cycle, yet the molecular mechanisms that regulate their acclimation and adaptation to temperature are poorly understood. Method: Here we use a transcriptomic approach to identify the molecular mechanisms associated with temperature acclimation and adaptation in closely related colder- and warmer-adapted diatom species. Results: We find contrasting patterns of differential expression at sub- and supra-optimal temperatures across the two species, which may be due to adaptive changes in baseline expression. Frontloaded and divested pathways indicate protein processing machinery, membrane structure, and the balance between temperature-independent photosynthesis and temperature-dependent metabolism are key elements of adaptation to temperature changes. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that transcriptional frontloading and divestment may provide a framework to interpret diatom acclimation and adaptation to temperature and success under future warming.
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Project description:Transcriptional acclimation to warming temperatures in the Australian alpine herb Wahlenbergia ceracea
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Project description:Experiment was designed to identify transcriptome changes during cold acclimation of Drosophila melanogaster male flies. Resistance to cold is often measured by recovery times from chill coma, which is induced almost immediately upon exposure to low but non-freezing temperatures (~0C), with flies becoming immobilised and losing motor activity. This paralysis is also ostensibly reversible upon return to normal temperatures, although again there can be longer term effects. Acclimation for increased cold resistance requires exposure periods ranging from hours or days to several weeks at low temperatures between 0C to 12C, and samples were taken during the cold acclimation period (1 hr, 2 hr, 3 hr, 6 hr, 12 hr, 24 hr, 36 hr and 48 hr).
2014-05-01 | E-MTAB-1607 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Adult male fish were exposed to the various temperature acclimation conditions as outlined in the published manuscript and RNA was extracted from fish at each time point as listed in the experiment set description. Abstract: Eurythermal ectotherms commonly thrive in environments that expose them to large variations in temperature on daily and seasonal bases. The roles played by alterations in gene expression in enabling eurytherms to adjust to these two temporally distinct patterns of thermal stress are poorly understood. We used cDNA microarray analysis to examine changes in gene expression in a eurythermal fish, Austrofundulus limnaeus, subjected to long-term acclimation to constant temperatures of 20, 26 and 37 degrees C and to environmentally realistic daily fluctuations in temperature between 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C. Our data reveal major differences between the transcriptional responses in the liver made during acclimation to constant temperatures and in response to daily temperature fluctuations. Control of cell growth and proliferation appears to be an important part of the response to change in temperature, based on large-scale changes in mRNA transcript levels for several key regulators of these pathways. However, cell growth and proliferation appear to be regulated by different genes in constant versus fluctuating temperature regimes. The gene expression response of molecular chaperones is also different between constant and fluctuating temperatures. Small heat shock proteins appear to play an important role in response to fluctuating temperatures whereas larger molecular mass chaperones such as Hsp70 and Hsp90 respond more strongly to chronic high temperatures. A number of transcripts that encode for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of nitrogen-containing organic osmolytes have gene expression patterns that indicate a possible role for these 'chemical chaperones' during acclimation to chronic high temperatures and daily temperature cycling. Genes important for the maintenance of membrane integrity are highly responsive to temperature change. Changes in fatty acid saturation may be important in long-term acclimation and in response to fluctuating temperatures; however cholesterol metabolism may be most critical for short-term acclimation to fluctuating temperatures. The variable effect of temperature on the expression of genes with daily rhythms of expression indicates that there is a complex interaction between the temperature cycle and daily rhythmicity in gene expression. A number of new hypotheses concerning temperature acclimation in fish have been generated as a result of this study. The most notable of these hypotheses is the possibility that the high mobility group b1 (HMGB1) protein, which plays key roles in the assembly of transcription initiation and enhanceosome complexes, may act as a compensatory modulator of transcription in response to temperature, and thus as a global gene expression temperature sensor. This study illustrates the utility of cDNA microarray approaches in both hypothesis-driven and 'discovery-based' investigations of environmental effects on organisms. An all pairs experiment design type is where all labeled extracts are compared to every other labeled extract. Keywords: all_pairs
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