Project description:This dataset describes a label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of the extracellular secretome of the basidiomycete fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus LEU18496, GenBank: KJ419350.1, the obligate symbiont of leaf-cutter ants. The fungus was cultivated under different carbon sources to investigate substrate-dependent changes in protein secretion. Culture supernatants were collected at defined time points and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The resulting dataset provides insights into the enzymatic repertoire involved in plant biomass degradation, including carbohydrate-active enzymes, oxidoreductases, and proteases, and contributes to the understanding of fungal adaptations to complex polysaccharide substrates.
Project description:Leaf-cutting ants of the genera Acromyrmex and Atta live in mutualistic symbiosis with a basidiomycete fungus (Leucocoprinus gongylophorus), which they cultivate as fungal gardens in underground nest chambers. The ants provide the fungus with a growth substrate consisting of freshly cut leaf fragments. After new leaf fragments are brought into the nest, the ants chew them into smaller pieces and apply droplets of fecal fluid to the leaf pulp before depositing this mixed substrate in the fungus garden and inoculating it with small tufts of mycelium from older parts of the garden. Previous work has shown that the fecal fluid contains a range of digestive enzymes including proteases, amylases, chitinases, cellulases, pectinases, hemicellulases and laccases, and that most of these enzymes are produced by the fungal symbiont in specialized structures called gongylidia that the ants eat. After ingestion, the enzymes apparently pass unharmed through the alimentary channel of the ants and end up in the fecal fluid. Most likely this complex system is an adaptation of the ant-fungus symbiosis to a herbivorous lifestyle, as the ancient ancestors of the ants and the fungus lived as hunter-gatherers and saprotrophs, respectively. The promise of fecal fluid for getting insight into the molecular adaptations that enables the ant-fungus holosymbiont to live as a herbivore, led us to investigate the fecal fluid proteome using LC-MS/MS in order to get a more comprehensive picture of the repertoire of proteins present.
Project description:Leaf-cutter ants use fresh plant material to cultivate an obligate mutualistic fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus in specialized fungus gardens to access and transform nutrients from plant biomass that would otherwise be unavailable to the ants. Here, we evaluated the lipidomic differences between the leaves feeding the gardens, gongylidia produced by the fungus to feed the ants, and spatially-resolve regions of the fungus garden at initial to advanced stages of leaf degradation.
Project description:Leaf-cutter ants use fresh plant material to cultivate an obligate mutualistic fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus in specialized fungus gardens to access and transform nutrients from plant biomass that would otherwise be unavailable to the ants. Here, we evaluated the lipidomic differences between the leaves feeding the gardens, gongylidia produced by the fungus to feed the ants, and spatially-resolve regions of the fungus garden at initial to advanced stages of leaf degradation.
Project description:Instrument data for publication "Metagenomic and metaproteomic insights into bacterial communities in leaf-cutter ant fungus gardens", ISME J. 2012 Sep; 6(9): 1688-1701. PMID: 22378535. PMCID: PMC3498920