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A method for reconstructing double-stranded DNA fragments and its application to Neanderthal DNA

ABSTRACT: A method for reconstructing the structure of double-stranded DNA fragments on a single molecule level and its application to Neanderthal DNA

PROVIDER: PRJEB36197 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR3813854_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR3813854_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR4405956.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Increased Neanderthal ancestry in genomic regions associated with lipid catabolism in contemporary Europeans

Project description:While Neanderthals are extinct, fragments of their genome still persist in the genomes of contemporary humans. Here, we show that such Neanderthal-like sequences are not distributed randomly in contemporary human genomes. Specifically, while genome-wide frequency of Neanderthal-like sites is close to 6% in all out-of-Africa populations, genes involved in lipid catabolism contain large excess Neanderthal-like sequences in Europeans (24.3%), but not in Asians (12.4%). While lipid catabolism cannot be assayed in Neanderthals, we took advantage of genetic divergence between human populations, chimpanzees and Neanderthals to predict metabolic divergence expected from the observed excess of Neanderthal gene flow into Europeans. We confirmed predicted changes in lipid catabolism using hydrophobic metabolome measurements in the brain tissue and further linked these metabolic changes to gene expression divergence. 14 human and 6 chimpanzee samples were sequenced.

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