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Mycotoxin profile and phylogeny of pathogenic Alternaria species isolated from symptomatic tomato plants in Lebanon

ABSTRACT: Alternaria species isolated from tomato plants in Lebanon

PROVIDER: PRJEB46232 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Mycotoxin Profile and Phylogeny of Pathogenic Alternaria Species Isolated from Symptomatic Tomato Plants in Lebanon.

Project description:The tomato is one of the most consumed agri-food products in Lebanon. Several fungal pathogens, including Alternaria species, can infect tomato plants during the whole growing cycle. Alternaria infections cause severe production and economic losses in field and during storage. In addition, Alternaria species represent a serious toxicological risk since they are able to produce a wide range of mycotoxins, associated with different toxic activities on human and animal health. Several Alternaria species were detected on tomatoes, among which the most important are A. solani, A. alternata, and A. arborescens. A set of 49 Alternaria strains isolated from leaves and stems of diseased tomato plants were characterised by using a polyphasic approach. All strains were included in the recently defined phylogenetic Alternaria section and grouped in three well-separated sub-clades, namely A. alternata (24 out of 49), A. arborescens (12 out of 49), and A. mali morpho-species (12 out of 49). One strain showed high genetic similarity with an A.limoniasperae reference strain. Chemical analyses showed that most of the Alternaria strains, cultured on rice, were able to produce alternariol (AOH), alternariol methyl ether (AME), altenuene (ALT) and tenuazonic acid (TA), with values up to 5634, 16,006, 5156, and 4507 mg kg-1, respectively. In addition, 66% of the strains were able to co-produce simultaneously the four mycotoxins investigated. The pathogenicity test carried out on 10 Alternaria strains, representative of phylogenetic sub-clades, revealed that they were all pathogenic on tomato fruits. No significant difference among strains was observed, although A. alternata and A. arborescens strains were slightly more aggressive than A. mali morpho-species strains. This paper reports new insights on mycotoxin profiles, genetic variability, and pathogenicity of Alternaria species on tomatoes.

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PHYLOGENY AND MYCOTOXIN PROFILES OF PATHOGENIC ALTERNARIA AND CURVULARIA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM DATE PALM, IN SOUTH TUNISIA

Project description:Alternaria from date palm

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Genome-wide analysis of Alternaria stress-responsive transcriptome in tomato

Project description:Gene expression cascade in a plant is altered in times of stress. Reprogramming of the expression profiles of genes is required for a robust and specific response. Until now, tomato transcriptomic alteration in response to Alternaria fungal stress were not known. This study presents the profile of genes that are differentially expressed during Alternaria stress in local tomato cultivar (Pusa Ruby). At least 2944 genes expression was varied and pathways that are altered during this compatible interaction have been identified. Supported by DBT, Govt. of India.

2016-05-20 | GSE75923 | GEO

PHYLOGENY AND MYCOTOXIN PROFILES OF PATHOGENIC ALTERNARIA AND CURVULARIA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM DATE PALM, IN SOUTH TUNISIA

Project description:Alternaria and Curvularia species occurring in date palm

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Phylogeny and Mycotoxin Characterization of Alternaria Species Isolated from Wheat Grown in Tuscany, Italy.

Project description:Wheat, the main source of carbohydrates worldwide, can be attacked by a wide number of phytopathogenic fungi, included Alternaria species. Alternaria species commonly occur on wheat worldwide and produce several mycotoxins such as tenuazonic acid (TA), alternariol (AOH), alternariol-monomethyl ether (AME), and altenuene (ALT), provided of haemato-toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic activities. The contamination by Alternaria species of wheat kernels, collected in Tuscany, Italy, from 2013 to 2016, was evaluated. Alternaria contamination was detected in 93 out of 100 field samples, with values ranging between 1 and 73% (mean of 18%). Selected strains were genetically characterized by multi-locus gene sequencing approach through combined sequences of allergen alt1a, glyceraldeyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and translation elongation factor 1α genes. Two well defined groups were generated; namely sections Alternaria and Infectoriae. Representative strains were analyzed for mycotoxin production. A different mycotoxin profile between the sections was shown. Of the 54 strains analyzed for mycotoxins, all strains included in Section Alternaria produced AOH and AME, 40 strains (99%) produced TA, and 26 strains (63%) produced ALT. On the other hand, only a very low capability to produce both AOH and AME was recorded among the Section Infectoriae strains. These data show that a potential mycotoxin risk related to the consumption of Alternaria contaminated wheat is high.

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