Characteristics of the oral microbiome in patients with phenylketonuria and type 1 diabetes in the Latvian population
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB48982 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERR10162101_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR10162101_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR10156702_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR10156702_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR10162102_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that is becoming a significant global health care problem. Several studies have shown that people with diabetes are more susceptible to oral problems, such as periodontitis and, although the causes are still inconclusive, oral microbiota is considered to play a major role in oral health. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome of a sample representing T2DM patients from Portugal and exploit potential associations between some microorganisms and variables like teeth brushing, smoking habits, average blood sugar levels, medication and nutrient intake. By sequencing the hypervariable regions V3-V4 of the 16S rRNA gene in 50 individuals belonging to a group of diabetes patients and a control group, we found a total of 232 taxa, from which only 65% were shared between both groups. No differences were found in terms of alpha and beta diversity between categories. We did not find significant differences in the oral microbiome profiles of control and diabetes patients. Only the class Synergistia and the genus TG5, which are related to periodontitis, were statistically more frequent in the control group. The similar microbiome profiles of medicated diabetics and the control group indicates that the relationship between the T2DM and the oral microbiome might be more related to either the lifestyle/diet rather than diabetes per se. Moreover, this study provides, for the first time, insights into the oral microbiome of a population with a high prevalence of diabetes.
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Project description:The oral cavity is home to one of the most diverse microbial community of the human body and a major entry portal for pathogens. Its homeostasis is maintained by saliva, which fulfills key functions including lubrication of food, predigesting and bacterial defense. Consequently, disruptions in saliva secretion contributes to conditions such as tooth decay and respiratory tract infections. Here we used recent improvements in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics to develop a rapid workflow for mapping to map the saliva proteome quantitatively and at great depth. Microgram protein amounts retrieved from cotton swabs were processed in a single-run format, resulting in more than 3,700 quantified human proteins in 100 min measurements gradients. After separation into eight fractions, this increased to 5,500 human proteins. Remarkably, our measurements also quantified more than 2,000 microbial proteins and we find peptide evidence for more than 70 bacterial genera without any microbial culture. Co-analysis of the proteomics results with next generation sequencing data as well as MALDI Biotyper revealed strong agreement. The oral microbiome differs between individuals and changes drastically upon eating and tooth brushing. Rapid and robust shotgun technology can now simultaneously characterize the human and microbiome contributions to the proteome of a body fluid.
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Project description:Some metabolic disorder treatments require patients to follow a specific diet or to consume supplements that, over time, can lead to oral microbiome alterations. Well-known disorders requiring such treatment are phenylketonuria (PKU), an inborn error of amino acid metabolism, and type 1 diabetes (T1D), a metabolic disorder that requires a specific diet regimen. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the oral health and microbiome characteristics that might contribute to caries activity and periodontal disease risk in PKU and T1D patients. In this cross-sectional study, 45 PKU patients, 24 T1D patients, and 61 healthy individuals between the ages of 12 and 53 years were examined. Their anamnestic data and dental status were assessed by one dentist. Microbial communities were detected from saliva-isolated DNA using 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 sequencing on Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform. Results revealed that the PKU patient group displayed the highest number of extracted teeth (on average 1.34), carious teeth (on average 4.95), and carious activity (44.44% of individuals) compared to the T1D and CTRL groups. The lowest numbers of filled teeth (on average 5.33) and extracted teeth (on average 0.63) per individual were observed in T1D patients. Gingivitis appeared more often in the T1D group; however, possible risk of periodontal disease was seen in both the T1D and PKU patient groups. The highest number of differentially abundant genera was detected in the PKU group (n = 20), with enrichment of Actinomyces (padj = 4.17 × 10-22), Capnocytophaga (padj = 8.53 × 10-8), and Porphyromonas (padj = 1.18 × 10-5) compared to the CTRL group. In conclusion, the dental and periodontal health of PKU patients was found to be significantly inferior compared to T1D patients and healthy controls. T1D patients showed early signs of periodontal disease. Several genera that correlate with periodontal disease development were found in both groups, thus suggesting that T1D and PKU patients should seek early and regular dental advice and be educated about proper oral hygiene practices.
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