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Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease Rapid and sensitive detection of Sars-CoV-2 variants in nasopharyngeal swabs and wastewaters

ABSTRACT: Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease Rapid and sensitive detection of Sars-CoV-2 variants in nasopharyngeal swabs and wastewaters

PROVIDER: PRJEB49481 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR7738640_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR7738640_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR7738641_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR7738641_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR7738636_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease Rapid and sensitive detection of Sars-CoV-2 variants in nasopharyngeal swabs and wastewaters

Project description:The SARS-CoV-2 virus is continuously evolving, with appearance of new variants characterized by multiple genomic mutations, some of which can affect functional properties, including infectivity, interactions with host immunity, and disease severity. The rapid spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants has highlighted the urgency to trace the virus evolution, to help limit its diffusion, and to assess effectiveness of containment strategies. We propose here a PCR-based rapid, sensitive and low-cost allelic discrimination assay panel for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 genotypes, useful for detection in different sample types, such as nasopharyngeal swabs and wastewater. The tests carried out demonstrate that this in-house assay, whose results were confirmed by SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequencing, can detect variations in up to 10 viral genome positions at once and is specific and highly sensitive for identification of all tested SARS-CoV-2 clades, even in the case of samples very diluted and of poor quality, particularly difficult to analyze.

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Project description:To elucidate key pathways in the host transcriptome of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, we used RNA sequencing (RNA Seq) to analyze nasopharyngeal (NP) swab and whole blood (WB) samples from 333 COVID-19 patients and controls, including patients with other viral and bacterial infections. Analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways was performed relative to other infections (e.g. influenza, other seasonal coronaviruses, bacterial sepsis) in both NP swabs and WB. Comparative COVID-19 host responses between NP swabs and WB were examined. Both hospitalized patients and outpatients exhibited upregulation of interferon-associated pathways, although heightened and more robust inflammatory and immune responses were observed in hospitalized patients with more clinically severe disease. A two-layer machine learning-based classifier, run on an independent test set of NP swab samples, was able to discriminate between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 infectious or non-infectious acute respiratory illness using complete (>1,000 genes), medium (<100) and small (<20) gene biomarker panels with 85.1%-86.5% accuracy, respectively. These findings demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 infection has a distinct biosignature that differs between NP swabs and WB and can be leveraged for differential diagnosis of COVID-19 disease.

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