Project description:<p>Biological nitrogen fixation by free-living bacteria and rhizobial symbiosis with legumes plays a key role in sustainable crop production. Here, we study how different crop combinations influence the interaction between peanut plants and their rhizosphere microbiota via metabolite deposition and functional responses of free-living and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Based on a long-term (8 year) diversified cropping field experiment, we find that peanut co-cultured with maize and oilseed rape lead to specific changes in peanut rhizosphere metabolite profiles and bacterial functions and nodulation. Flavonoids and coumarins accumulate due to the activation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways in peanuts. These changes enhance the growth and nitrogen fixation activity of free-living bacterial isolates, and root nodulation by symbiotic Bradyrhizobium isolates. Peanut plant root metabolites interact with Bradyrhizobium isolates contributing to initiate nodulation. Our findings demonstrate that tailored intercropping could be used to improve soil nitrogen availability through changes in the rhizosphere microbiome and its functions.</p>
Project description:A double cropping system has been commercially adopted in subtropical regions in southern China, where there is abundant sunshine and heat resources. In this viticulture system, the first growing season normally starts as a summer cropping cycle; then, the vine is pruned and forced by hydrogen cyanamide, resulting in a second crop in January of the next year. Due to climate differences between the two growing seasons, flavonoid content and composition varies greatly. In this study, changes in the transcriptome of flavonoid-associated pathways were compared in berries grown under the double cropping system; in addition, the accumulation of flavonoid compounds was compared. Specific alterations in MYB transcription factors occurred in winter cropping berries around veraison. Then, the winter cropping cycle distinctly induced the flavonoid metabolic pathways while triggering the ripening-associated pathways. Notably, the climate conditions in winter cropping positively affected flavonoid biosynthesis, while the summer season took a major toll on anthocyanin accumulation. In addition, the three classes of flavonoid compounds responded differently to the changing climate; the anthocyanins and flavonols were promoted several fold, whereas no consistent increase was found for flavan-3-ols. Conclusively, flavonoid biosynthesis in grapes grown under a double cropping system showed seasonal or climatic-specific accumulation patterns.
Project description:A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Sao Carlos in Araras (22'21'25'S and 47'23'3'W) in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Trial plots of SP-3280 consisted of four rows of 10 m long and spaced 1.35m apart. The field experiment was initiated in October 2012 and extended up until November 2013, representing the conditions under which ?one-year? sugarcane crops are cultivated.
Project description:A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Sao Carlos in Araras (22°21'25''S and 47°23'3''W) in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Trial plots of SP-3280 consisted of four rows of 10 m long and spaced 1.35m apart. The field experiment was initiated in April 2012 and extended up until May 2013, representing the conditions under which one-year-and-a-half sugarcane crops are cultivated.
Project description:Soybean (Glycine max) is susceptible to root rot when subjected to continuous cropping, and this disease can seriously diminish the crop yield. Herein, isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were employed for proteomic analysis of continuously cropped soybean inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Funneliformis mosseae. Differential expression of proteins in soybean roots was determined following 1 year of continuous cropping. A total of 131 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in F. mosseae-treated samples, of which 49 and 82 were up- and down-regulated, respectively. The DEPs were annotated with 117 Gene Ontology (GO) terms, with 48 involved in biological processes, 31 linked to molecular functions, and 39 associated with cell components. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis mapped the DEPs to 113 mainly metabolic pathways including oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis and amino acid metabolism. Expression of glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase, chalcone isomerase, calcium-dependent phospholipid binding and other defense-related proteins was up-regulated by F. mosseae, suggesting inoculation promotes the growth and development of soybean and increases disease resistance. The findings provide an experimental basis for further research on the molecular mechanisms of AM fungi in resolving problems associated with continuous soybean cropping.
Project description:A double cropping system has been commercially adopted in subtropical regions in southern China, where there is abundant sunshine and heat resources. In this viticulture system, the first growing season normally starts as a summer cropping cycle; then, the vine is pruned and forced by hydrogen cyanamide, resulting in a second crop in January of the next year. Due to climate differences between the two growing seasons,the transcriptome varies greatly between summer- and winter- grape berries. In this study, we conducted RNA-seq for two table grape varieties (Vitis vinifera cv. Victoria and V. vinifera cv. Muscat Superior) at three developmental stages (pre-veraison, post-veraison and full maturity).The transcriptome between summer- and winter- grape berries were compared.
2018-11-30 | GSE122411 | GEO
Project description:Cover crop field residue microbiome PEI Canada