Hepatocyte-controlled availability of activated TGFb reprograms macrophage polarization affecting liver injury and regeneration
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB52833 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:We describe a distinct macrophage population, whose presence in the liver during homoeostasis depends on recruitment signals mediated by the chemokine receptor CCR2. The identified polarization state of this population closely resembles that induced in co-culture experiments, where hepatocytes are reducing the availability of TGFb to macrophages. Accordingly, disruption of TGFb signal transduction in macrophages phenocopies the influence of hepatocytes on macrophage polarization.
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2012-08-30 | E-GEOD-40479 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We aimed at elucidating the molecular and cellular crosstalk how inflammation controls proper liver regeneration. Therefore populations of liver macrophages were studied in genetically different mouse models after PHx using flow cytometry and single cell sequencing. Intercellular communication was examined in vitro, combining proteomics and transcriptomics. We observed marked changes in the composition of macrophage populations in the liver during the regeneration process. A F4/80+/CD11bhigh/CD14high macrophage population that is recruited in a CCR2 dependent manner increased rapidly after PHx. The polarization of the recruited macrophages differs from that under homeostatic conditions , but reappears during the late phase of the process. Proteomics, secretomics, and transcriptomics show that hepatocyte derived signals reduce the availability of active TGFb and thereby affect macrophage polarization and function towards the aforementioned phenotype. Depleting the TGFb type II receptor in myeloid cells phenocopies the hepatocyte-mediated macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, disrupting TGFb signal transduction in macrophages is associated with increased expression of regeneration-relevant cytokines such as IL-6, reduced resection-induced liver damage and prolongated proliferation phase of hepatocytes in mice. Conclusion: Upon liver injury, hepatocytes have a major influence on the activation state of recruited liver macrophages by regulating the availability of active TGFb and TGFb induces a macrophage phenotype that aggravates injury. Ultimately, this mechanism influences the extent of intervention-induced liver injury as well as the proliferation phase during liver regeneration. In this data set, we investigated the influence of hepatocytes on co-cultured macrophages and vice versa.
2023-07-06 | GSE201467 | GEO
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Project description:Oncogenic PIK3CA mutations activate phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and are among the commonest somatic mutations in cancer and mosaic, developmental overgrowth disorders. We recently demonstrated that the ‘hotspot’ variant PIK3CAH1047R exerts striking allele dose-dependent effects on stemness in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and moreover demonstrated multiple oncogenic PIK3CA copies in a substantial subset of human cancers. To identify the molecular mechanism underpinning PIK3CAH1047R allele dose-dependent stemness, we profiled isogenic wild-type, PIK3CAWT/H1047R and PIK3CAH1047R/H1047R iPSCs by high-depth transcriptomics, proteomics and reverse-phase protein arrays (RPPA). PIK3CAH1047R/H1047R iPSCs exhibited altered expression of 5644 genes and 248 proteins, whereas heterozygous hPSCs showed 492 and 54 differentially-expressed genes and proteins, respectively, confirming a nearly deterministic phenotypic effect of homozygosity for PIK3CAH1047R. Pathway and network-based analyses predicted a strong association between self-sustained TGFb/NODAL signaling and the ‘locked’ stemness phenotype induced by homozygosity for PIK3CAH1047R. This stemness gene signature was maintained without exogenous NODAL in PIK3CAH1047R/H1047R iPSCs and was reversed by pharmacological inhibition of TGFb/NODAL signaling but not by PIK3CA-specific inhibition. Analysis of PIK3CA-associated human breast cancers revealed increased expression of the stemness markers NODAL and POU5F1 as a function of disease stage and PIK3CAH1047R allele dosage. Together with emerging realization of the link between NODAL re-expression and aggressive cancer behavior, our data suggest that TGFb/NODAL inhibitors warrant testing in advanced breast tumors with multiple oncogenic PIK3CA copies.
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Project description:TGFb plays many roles during tumor progression. It inhibits epithelial cell proliferation in the early stage but promotes tumor invasion by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the late stage. Coupled with the strong EMT effect, TGFb exerts an overwhelming influence on modifying the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is generally thought to favor the adhesion and migration of tumor cells [4]. However, the regulation and function of ECM deposited in the tumor microenvironment by TGFb signaling have not been elucidated. Here, we performed a transcriptomic analysis using the human prostate cancer PC3U cell line and the human A549 lung carcinoma cell line. The top-upregulated genes in PC3U cells and A549 cells upon TGFb stimulation were identified to analyze the main regulatory function elicited by TGFb signaling. The GO enrichment analysis showed that extracellular matrix organization and the positive regulation of cell migration were the top regulatory functions.
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Project description:Identifying the effect of the co-regulator Hic-5 (TGFB1I1) and TGFB on the transcriptional profile of WPMY human prostate fibroblast cells with view to further elucidating the broader biological role of Hic-5 and TGFB on fibroblast. Knockdown of Hic5 for 48 hours in PShTert-AR cells significantly altered the androgen regulation of approximately 1347 genes. The effect of Hic-5 knockdown was to suppress androgen regulation of approximately 85% of those transcripts, by either reducing androgen mediated repression or activition of gene expression. Isogenic WPMY-1 fibroblasts stably transfected with short-hairpin RNA against Hic-5 or transfected with non-specific negative control short-hairpin RNA, were kept in 5% hormone stripped FBS RPMI for 48 hours and subsequently treated with either ethanol vehicle control or TGFB for 16hr. Total RNA was extracted. Five independent vehicle and five TGFB siSCR and siHic5 samples were hybrydised to Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST array chips.
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