Project description:Maintenance of chromatin structure is essential to eukaryotic life; dysregulation is known to be causal for aberrant development and disease. The Mi-2/nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase (NuRD) complex is a multiprotein machine proposed to regulate chromatin structure by nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation activities. We identified the localization of MBD3, a component of Mi-2/NuRD complex, in two breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) using ChIP-Seq. MBD3 showed cell-type specific localization with overlap across cell lines being less than 50%. MBD3 localized across gene bodies, peaking around the transcription start site (TSS). Contrary to existing models, MBD3 preferentially associated with CpG rich promoters marked by H3K4me3. These data suggest that MBD3, and by extension the Mi-2/NuRD complex, may have roles in fine tuning expression for active genes. These data represent an important first step in defining regulatory mechanisms by which Mi-2/NuRD complex controls chromatin structure and gene expression. Identification of MBD3 localization in human breast cancer cell lines
Project description:Spider’s minor ampullate silk, or MI-silk, exhibits distinct mechanical properties and water resistance compared to its major ampullate counterpart (MA-silk). The principal protein constituent of MI-silk is known as minor ampullate spidroin, or MiSp, and while its sequence has been deciphered and is thought to underlie the differences in properties with MA-silk, the composition of MI-silk and the relationship between its composition and properties remain elusive. In this study, we set out to investigate the mechanical properties, water resistance, and proteome of MA-silk and MI-silk from Araneus ventricosus and Trichonephila clavata. We also synthesized artificial fibers from major ampullate spidroin, MaSp1 and 2, and MiSp to compare their properties. Our proteomic analysis reveals that the MI-silk of both araneids is composed of MiSp, MaSp1, and spidroin constituting elements (SpiCEs). The absence of MaSp2 in the MI-silk proteome and the comparison of the water resistance of artificial fibers suggest that the presence of MaSp2 is the reason for the disparity in water resistance between MI-silk and MA-silk.
Project description:Purpose: Porcine alveolar macrophage was infected by T. gondii including Rh strain and Me49 strain. We want to explore the change of miRNAs after infected with T. gondii in porcine alveolar macrophages. Results: Our study generated six mi RNA expression profiles from macrophages which infect with Rh strain and Me49 and control group in different time. Compare with T. gondii-infected and uninfected with T. gondii, 81 differentially expressed mi RNAs were identified, including 36 novel mi RNAs and 45 mature mi RNAs.
Project description:Sexual dimorphisms are well recognized in various cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI). MI develops later in women, but once established, it contributes more persistent symptoms and higher mortality than in men. Similar observations have been reported in murine model of MI. Although mRNA-level sexual dimorphism of MI have been reported, whether miRNA transcriptome also confers such dimorphism remains unknown. Comprehensive understanding of the mRNA- and miRNA-level genetic programs underlying the heart sexual dimorphisms will expectedly improve clinical outcome by facilitating the development of gender specific treatment strategies. Here, by conducting miRNA microarray analysis of murine MI model samples, we set out to characterize the heart sexual dimorphisms at the level of miRNA transcriptome
Project description:We report the application of high-throughput RNA sequencing technology to examine expression profiling of transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in a normal control group (Norm group), isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemic group (MI group), and CR-pretreatment plus ISO-induced myocardial ischemic group (CR+MI group). A total of 714 precisely matched tsRNAs were identified in the myocardial tissues from the three groups of rats (701 in Norm, 708 in MI, and 712 in CR+MI). We find that 302 tsRNAs were identified to be notably dysregulated in the MI group: 166 tsRNAs were upregulated while 136 tsRNAs were downregulated compared with those in the Norm group. After CR pretreatment, we identified 136 tsRNAs that were significantly altered compared with those in the MI group: 45 were upregulated while 91 were downregulated. This study provides new ideas for future research on elucidating the mechanisms of CR pretreatment through regulating tsRNAs levels in myocardial ischemic injury.
Project description:Recent development of new immune checkpoint inhibitors has been particularly successfully in cancer treatment, but still the majority patients fail to benefit. Converting resistant tumors to immunotherapy sensitivity will provide a significant improvement in patient outcome. Here we identify Mi-2β as a key melanoma-intrinsic effector regulating the adaptive anti-tumor immune response. Genetically engineered mouse melanoma studies indicate that loss of Mi-2β rescued the immune response to immunotherapy in vivo. Mechanistically, ATAC-seq indicate that Mi-2β controlled the accessibility of IFN-γ-stimulated genes (ISGs). Mi-2β bound to EZH2 and promote K510 methylation of EZH2 and subsequently activate the trimethylation of H3K27 to inhibit the transcription of ISGs. Finally, we develop an Mi-2β-targeted inhibitor, Z36-MP5, which targeted inhibition of Mi-2β ATPase activity and recovered ISG transcription. Consequently, Z36-MP5 efficiently induce a response to immunotherapy in otherwise resistant melanomas. Our work provides a potential therapeutic strategy to convert immunotherapy resistant melanomas to sensitive ones.