Differences in Genetic Diversity of Tick-Borne Flaviviruses
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB55501 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other | ||||
| ERR10098980_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR10098980_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR10098982_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR10098982_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:There are very few studies exploring the genetic diversity of tick-borne encephalitis complex viruses. Most of the viruses have been sequenced using capillary electrophoresis, however, very few viruses have been analyzed using deep sequencing to look at the genotypes in each virus population. In this study, different viruses and strains belonging to the tick-borne encephalitis complex were sequenced and genetic diversity was analyzed. Shannon entropy and single nucleotide variants were used to compare the viruses. Then genetic diversity was compared to the phylogenetic relationship of the viruses.
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Project description:There has been an emergence and expansion of tick-borne diseases in Europe, Asia and North America in recent years, including Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis, and human anaplasmosis. The primary tick vectors implicated are hard ticks of the Ixodes genera. Although much is known about the host response to these bacterial and viral pathogens, there is limited knowledge of the cellular responses to infection within the tick vector. The bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophilum), is able to bypass apoptotic processes in ticks, enabling infection to proceed. However, the tick cellular responses to infection with the flaviviruses tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and louping ill virus (LIV), which cause tick-borne encephalitis and louping ill respectively, are less clear. Infection of an Ixodes ricinus (I. ricinus) tick cell line with the viruses LIV and TBEV, and the bacterium A. phagocytophilum, identified activation of common and distinct cellular pathways. In particular, commonly-upregulated genes included those that modulate apoptotic pathways (HSP70), putative anti-pathogen genes (FKBP and XBL1), and genes that influence the tick innate immune response, including selective activation of toll genes. These data provide an insight into potentially key genes involved in the tick cellular response to viral or bacterial infection.
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Project description:Ixodes species ticks are competent vectors of tick-borne viruses including tick-borne encephalitis and Powassan encephalitis. Tick saliva has been shown to facilitate and enhance viral infection. This likely occurs by saliva-mediated modulation of host responses into patterns favorable for viral infection and dissemination. Because of the rapid kinetics of tick-borne viral transmission, this modulation must occur as early as tick attachment and initiation of feeding. In this study, the gene expression profile of cutaneous bite-site lesions created by uninfected ticks were analyzed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours after Ixodes scapularis nymphal tick attachment to discover host pathways or responses potentially important in tick-borne viral establishment.
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Project description:Ixodes species ticks are competent vectors of tick-borne viruses including tick-borne encephalitis and Powassan encephalitis. Tick saliva has been shown to facilitate and enhance viral infection. This likely occurs by saliva-mediated modulation of host responses into patterns favorable for viral infection and dissemination. Because of the rapid kinetics of tick-borne viral transmission, this modulation must occur as early as tick attachment and initiation of feeding. In this study, the gene expression profile of cutaneous bite-site lesions created by uninfected ticks were analyzed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours after Ixodes scapularis nymphal tick attachment to discover host pathways or responses potentially important in tick-borne viral establishment. Four milimeter ear biopsies from BALB/cJ mice infested with Ixodes scapularis nymphs were assayed using Affymetrix genechip 430A 2.0 arrays at 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours after infestation during a primary exposure. 3 mice were measured at each time point. Controls were 3 similarly housed but tick-free mice.
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Project description:Upon tick borne encephalitis virus exposure of brain-resident cells, astrocytes are important IFN-β producers that followed a biphasic response, which initially depends on MAVS- and later on MyD88/TRIF-signaling
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Project description:Despite the increasing number of patients suffering from tick-borne diseases, including tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and Lyme disease, the mechanisms of development of these diseases and their effects on human body are still unknown. Moreover, the increasing number of cases of co-infections of these diseases additionally hampers the correct diagnosis and the application of effective therapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in proteomic profile of human plasma induced by the development of TBE and to compare it with changes in TBE patients co-infected with other tick-borne pathogens. The results obtained by proteomic analysis using nanoLC-QExactive/MS showed that the most highly elevated groups of proteins in the plasma of TBE patients with co-infection were involved in the pro-inflammatory response and protein degradation, while the antioxidant proteins and factors responsible for protein biosynthesis were mainly down regulated. The main proteins, which expression differentiated patients with TBE from co-infected patients, such as AP-1, fumarylacetoacetase, serpin, annexin, or carbonic anhydrase 2, are involved in TBE virulence or antibacterial responses. These results were accompanied by the enhanced GSH- and 4-HNE-protein adducts formation, observed in TBE and co-infected patients on higher level than in the case of only TBE patients. In conclusion, the differences in the proteomic profiles between patients with TBE and co-infected indicate that the mechanisms of development of these diseases are diverse and, consequently, require different treatment, what is particularly important for further research, including the development of novel diagnostics tools.
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