Project description:TransplantLines is designed as a single-center, prospective cohort study and biobank including all different types of solid organ transplant recipients as well as living organ donors. In the TransplantLines gut microbiome study the gut microbiome of solid organ transplant recipients is characterized and linked to clinical phenotypes. This batch contains the cross-sectional data from liver transplant recipients and longitudinal data from renal and liver transplant recipients.
Project description:TransplantLines is designed as a single-center, prospective cohort study and biobank including all different types of solid organ transplant recipients as well as living organ donors. In the TransplantLines gut microbiome study the gut microbiome of solid organ transplant recipients is characterized and linked to clinical phenotypes. This batch contains the cross-sectional data from renal transplant recipients is.
Project description:Background: Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is a new causative agent of chronic hepatitis in solid organ transplant recipients in Europe. Factors associated with the occurrence and persistence of chronic HEV infection remain largely unknown but chronic evolution seems to be the consequence of hostM-bM-^@M-^Ys immunological factors rather than of viral factors. Method: In a prospective case-control study, we have determined in whole blood of chronically HEV-infected kidney-transplant recipients the host response using microarray technology. Results: Chronically HEV-infected kidney-transplant recipients exhibited a specific transcriptional program, in which interferon effectors were prominent. The intensity of expression of each signatureM-bM-^@M-^Ys gene was significantly lower in patients who were subsequently cleared of HEV than in patients who were not. Furthermore, in patients who were cleared of HEV, a higher expression of these genes was associated with a longer delay until HEV clearance. Conclusions: The specific transcriptional program determined in chronically HEV-infected kidney-transplant recipients suggests an activation of type I interferon response. Intensity of interferon-stimulated genes expression could be useful to forecast the outcome of infection. High expression of interferon-stimulated genes could signify a dysregulation in the interferon response that might favour the persistence of the HEV infection. TrialM-bM-^@M-^Ys registration number: NCT01090232; RegistryM-bM-^@M-^Ys URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT01090232?term=kidney+transplant+recipients&cntry1=EU%3AFR&rank=2 Total RNA was extracted from whole-blood sample or monocytes of kidney-transplant patients with or without chronic hepatitis E (CHE) infection. Control patients were matched up with CHE patients for age, sex, time since kidney transplant and immunosuppressive treatment.
Project description:Kidney transplant recipients are at particular risk for developing tumors, many of which are now routinely treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); however, ICI therapy can precipitate transplant rejection. We utilized TCR sequencing to identify and track alloreactive T cells in a patient with melanoma who experienced kidney transplant rejection following ICI therapy. ICI therapy was associated with a sharp increase in circulating alloreactive CD8+ T cell clones, many of which were also detected in the rejected kidney but not at tumor sites. Longitudinal and cross-tissue TCR analyses revealed unintended expansion of alloreactive CD8+ T cells induced by ICI therapy for cancer, coinciding with ICI-associated organ rejection.
Project description:Kidney transplant recipients are at particular risk for developing tumors, many of which are now routinely treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); however, ICI therapy can precipitate transplant rejection. We utilized TCR sequencing to identify and track alloreactive T cells in a patient with melanoma who experienced kidney transplant rejection following ICI therapy. ICI therapy was associated with a sharp increase in circulating alloreactive CD8+ T cell clones, many of which were also detected in the rejected kidney but not at tumor sites. Longitudinal and cross-tissue TCR analyses revealed unintended expansion of alloreactive CD8+ T cells induced by ICI therapy for cancer, coinciding with ICI-associated organ rejection.
Project description:Kidney transplant recipients are at particular risk for developing tumors, many of which are now routinely treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); however, ICI therapy can precipitate transplant rejection. We utilized TCR sequencing to identify and track alloreactive T cells in a patient with melanoma who experienced kidney transplant rejection following ICI therapy. ICI therapy was associated with a sharp increase in circulating alloreactive CD8+ T cell clones, many of which were also detected in the rejected kidney but not at tumor sites. Longitudinal and cross-tissue TCR analyses revealed unintended expansion of alloreactive CD8+ T cells induced by ICI therapy for cancer, coinciding with ICI-associated organ rejection.
Project description:Background: Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is a new causative agent of chronic hepatitis in solid organ transplant recipients in Europe. Factors associated with the occurrence and persistence of chronic HEV infection remain largely unknown but chronic evolution seems to be the consequence of host’s immunological factors rather than of viral factors. Method: In a prospective case-control study, we have determined in whole blood of chronically HEV-infected kidney-transplant recipients the host response using microarray technology. Results: Chronically HEV-infected kidney-transplant recipients exhibited a specific transcriptional program, in which interferon effectors were prominent. The intensity of expression of each signature’s gene was significantly lower in patients who were subsequently cleared of HEV than in patients who were not. Furthermore, in patients who were cleared of HEV, a higher expression of these genes was associated with a longer delay until HEV clearance. Conclusions: The specific transcriptional program determined in chronically HEV-infected kidney-transplant recipients suggests an activation of type I interferon response. Intensity of interferon-stimulated genes expression could be useful to forecast the outcome of infection. High expression of interferon-stimulated genes could signify a dysregulation in the interferon response that might favour the persistence of the HEV infection. Trial’s registration number: NCT01090232; Registry’s URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT01090232?term=kidney+transplant+recipients&cntry1=EU%3AFR&rank=2