Project description:The aim of this work is to dissect the plant component of the dual-proteome established during the FHB process using the same three wheat cultivars facing the three fungal strains as described in Fabre et al. (2019b). Qualitative and quantitative dissection of the three wheat cultivar proteomes was devoted to identify molecular events that drive the FHB-susceptibility differences. This included, the identification of (i) the generic molecular adjustments taking place during FHB progress, (ii) the cultivar-specific responses and their accommodation with different F. graminearum strains inducing FHB and (iii) the range of wheat proteins that basically discriminate the three wheat cultivars of contrasted susceptibility. The joint analysis of all these data with the fungal protein information was carried out to identify relationship between wheat protein abundance changes and fungal effectors differentially accumulated between the three F. graminearum strains (Fabre et al., 2019b).
Project description:The free-living soil fungus Trichoderma hamatum GD12 is notable amongst other Trichoderma strains in exhibiting both biocontrol and plant growth promotion (PGP) activities, which are coincident with a markedly expanded genome when compared to other characterised biocontrol and PGP isolates. Here, we make direct comparisons of T. hamatum GD12 transcription during PGP, and during antagonism of the root-infecting pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, in peat-based microcosms. An extensive mRNA-seq analysis sampling six time-points, 1, 2, 4, 7, 10 and 15 days after microcosm establishment revealed dynamic and biphasic signatures in the transcriptional responses of T. hamatum GD12 during Sclerotinia biocontrol and lettuce growth promotion. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes demonstrated up-regulation of transportation and oxidation-reduction genes during both processes. Sclerotinia biocontrol is most likely mediated by the synthesis and secretion of antifungal compounds. Notably, the biphasic response during biocontrol was further characterised by the expression of a number of uncharacterised GD12 genes, small-secreted cysteine rich proteins and secondary metabolite producing gene clusters. This work demonstrates that T. hamatum GD12 harnesses a reservoir of uncharacterised genes that are actively engaged during effective biological control of a plurivorous plant pathogen.
Project description:Lipopeptide biosurfactant producing Bacillus strains have many useful applications in biotechnology and agriculture, based on their emulsifying, surface activity and antimicrobial properties. In the current study, lipopeptide production kinetics, and biocontrol potentials of two new B. velezensis strains, ES1-02 and EFSO2-04 were analyzed and compared with those of commercial strains QST713 and FZB42. ES1-02 and EFSO2-04 showed higher specific growth rates than FZB42, but lower growth rates than QST713. All strains produced surfactin lipopetides, while fengycin production was not observed in ES1-02 and EFSO2-04. Production of fengycin A, B, X and Y were however confirmed in strains QST713 and FZB42. Significant differences were observed in the production of lipopeptides of the iturin family. While ES1-02 and EFSO2-04 produced bacillomycin L, QST713 produced iturin A, and FZB42 produced bacillomycin D. This was in line with the PCR analysis of corresponding genes encoding the identified lipopeptides. Highest surfactin titer of 97.4 mg/L was observed in ES1-02, while QST713 produced highest amount of iturin/bacillomycin (8.5 mg/L). Surfactin isoforms C12 to C17, and iturin/bacillomycin isoforms C11 to C17 were identified by mass spectrometry. ES1-02 and EFSO2-04 showed biocontrol potentials comparable with that of QST713 against Diaporthe spp., while FZB42 showed superior antifungal potentials. Up to 41%, 43%, 47 % and 68.9 % inhibition of D. caulivora were achieved by ES1-02, EFSO2-04, QST713 and FZB42 respectively. Upon exposure to B. velezensis strains, morphological changes to Diaporthe hyphae in form of swellings, distortion, and complete disruption occurred. Interaction of D. longicolla DPC_HOH20 with ES1-02 and EFSO2-04 induced 10-fold and 5-fold increase in surfactin synthesis, respectively. Antagonist interaction with D. longicolla induced significant changes in the proteome of ES1-02 including an increased abundance of several proteins associated with biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds and fatty acids, while proteins associated with phosphate uptake were decreased in abundance.
Project description:Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae) is a prominent pathogen that infects major cereal crops, such as wheat, barley, and maize. Conidiogenesis had been intensively studied in Aspergillus nidulans and regulatory pathway genes have been known to regulate conidiogenesis in stage specific manner. We reported the functional analyses of flbD, abaA, and wetA orthologs in F. graminearum. To understand genome-wide transcriptional profiling of conidiation, we employed RNA-seq of the wild-type Fusarium graminearum Z-3639 and each gene deletion mutants with three time courses (0 h, 6 h and 12 h after induction of conidiogenesis). AbaA experiment: 6 samples examined: 0 h, 6 h and 12 h after induction of conidiogenesis of Fusarium graminearum Z-3639 wild type and ΔabaA(ΔabaA::gen) mutant strains WetA experiment: 3 samples examined: 0 h, 6 h and 12 h after induction of conidiogenesis of Fusarium graminearum ΔwetA(ΔwetA::gen) mutant strains flbD experiment: 3 samples examined: 0 h, 6 h and 12 h after induction of conidiogenesis of Fusarium graminearum ΔflbD(ΔflbD::gen) mutant strains
Project description:Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae) is a prominent pathogen that infects major cereal crops, such as wheat, barley, and maize. Fhs1 contains a Zn(II)2Cys6 fungal-type DNA-binding domain and localized to nuclei , suggesting that Fhs1 is a transcription factor required for hydroxiurea. 6 samples examined: 24 h after inoculation of Fusarium graminearum wild-type Z-3639 and fhs1 (Îfhs1::GEN) strains in complete media
Project description:We identified the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Triticum aestivum infected with Fusarium graminearum by high-throughput RNA sequencing. More than 393 million clean reads were obtained from Illumina Hiseq 4000 system and 126,391 transcripts was identified as high-confidence lncRNAs in T. aestivum against F. graminearum by an integrated approach. Already well over 4,130 of the total 4,276 differentially expressed lncRNAs were specifically expressed at 12 h post-inoculation (hpi), but only 89 of these were specifically expressed at 24 hpi, indicating that the initial stage was the crucial stage for lncRNA-mediated gene regulation of wheat defense against F. graminearum. Target analysis showed the lncRNAs participated in various biological stress processes.