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Signatures of positive selection on the genome of the Arabian Peninsula dromedary camels related to their environmental adaptability.

ABSTRACT: The study looks into the selection signatures of a number of dormedary Camels genomes

PROVIDER: PRJEB61449 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Signatures of positive selection on the genome of the Arabian Peninsula dromedary camels related to their environmental adaptability.

Project description:In this study, whole genomic data of 29 dromedary samples representing three populations from the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula (Muscat, Al-Batinah, and Al-Sharqiya) were investigated to assess their genetic diversity and define candidate signatures of positive selection.

| PRJEB62429 | ENA

Assessing genetic diversity and defining signatures of positive selection on the genome of dromedary camels from the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula.

Project description:Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) are members of the Camelini tribe within the Camelidae family. They are distributed throughout North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and Southeast Asia. This domestic species is characterized by its superior adaptability to the harsh desert environment. In this study, whole autosomal data of 29 dromedary samples from the Southeast Arabian Peninsula in Oman; 10 from Muscat, 14 from Al-Batinah, and 5 from Al-Sharqiya, were investigated to assess their genetic relationship and to define candidate signatures of positive selection. A minimal genetic distinction that separates Muscat dromedaries from the other two populations was observed, with a degree of genetic admixture between them. Using the de-correlated composite of multiple signals (DCMS) approach, a total of 47 candidate regions within the autosomes of these dromedary populations were defined with signatures of positive selection. These candidate regions harbor a total of 154 genes that are mainly associated with functional categories related to immune response, lipid metabolism and energy expenditure, optical and auditory functions, and long-term memory. Different functional genomic variants were called on the candidate regions and respective genes that warrant further investigation to find possible association with the different favorable phenotypes in dromedaries. The output of this study paves the way for further research efforts aimed at defining markers for use in genomic breeding programs, with the goal of conserving the genetic diversity of the species and enhancing its productivity.

| S-EPMC10720651 | biostudies-literature

Selection footprints and haplotypes distribution on the genome of Arabian Peninsula dromedary camels

Project description:signatures of selection on dromedary genome

| PRJEB66318 | ENA

Genetic diversity and signatures of selection on Sudanese dromedary camels

Project description:Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels

| PRJEB32117 | ENA

Genomic insights into racing camels: inbreeding levels and positive selection linked to athletic traits

Project description:signatures of selection in racing camels

| PRJEB82798 | ENA

Transcriptomic plasticity of the hypothalamic osmoregulatory control centre of the Arabian dromedary camel

Project description:To investigate the central control of water homeostasis in the dromedary camel, we have performed transcriptomic studies on the supraoptic nucleus samples from camels under control (water ad libitum) and dehydrated (water deprivation for 20 days) conditions by RNA sequencing. We have identified genes that change in expression in response to hyperosmotic challenge and transcriptomic response networks that might be essential for adaptations of camel to live and thrive in aird desert environment.

2022-08-23 | GSE198577 | GEO

Signatures of purifying selection and site-specific positive selection on the mitochondrial DNA of dromedary camels

Project description:signatures of selection on dromedary mitogenome

| PRJEB53955 | ENA

Assessing genetic diversity and defining signatures of positive selection on the genome of dromedary camels from the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula

Project description:dromedary samples from the Southeast Arabian Peninsula in Oman 10 from Muscat, 14 from Al-Batinah, and 5 from Al-Sharqiya, were investigated to assess their genetic relationship and to define candidate signatures of positive selection.

| PRJEB67314 | ENA

Three species of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato infect camels on the Arabian Peninsula.

Project description:We report on the genetic identity of 36 Echinococcus cysts that were collected during a recent slaughterhouse survey of 810 locally bred camels (dromedaries) in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Analysis of a partial nad1 gene sequence showed that the majority (n = 29) belonged to E. granulosus sensu stricto, four to E. canadensis G6/7, and three to E. ortleppi. Eight of the 29 E. granulosus s.s. cysts contained protoscoleces; all other cysts were calcified and non-viable. This is the first report of the presence E. ortleppi from the Arabian Peninsula, a parasite that is typically transmitted via cattle. The results indicate widespread infection of camels with CE in eastern Saudi Arabia and an active role of camels in the lifecycles of at least E. granulosus s.s.. Complete cox1 haplotype analysis of 21 E. granulosus s.s. isolates shows that the majority of variants circulating in eastern Saudi Arabia is distinct from but closely related to haplotypes from neighboring countries in the Middle East, which indicates the presence of this parasite in KSA for a longer period of time. All isolates of E. granulosus s.s. in this study belonged to the G1 cluster, although the G3 genotype has previously also been reported from the Middle East.

| S-EPMC8184555 | biostudies-literature

Effects of plasma-derived exosomes from the normal and thin camels on hepatocellular carcinoma and their differences at transcriptome and proteomics levels

Project description:Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant primary tumor. Camels have high economic and social values, but their potential medical value has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the effects of thin and normal camel plasma-derived exosomes on HCC. Methods: Plasma was obtained from thin and normal camels, and used to isolate exosomes by ultracentrifugation. The exosomes were then characterized by transmission electron microscopy and Nano particle tracking analyzer. In vivo imaging of nude mice and hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining of liver tissues were used to explore the effects of the exosomes on tumor growth. Finally, the differences of the two exosomes were further analyzed using small RNA sequencing and proteomics. Results: In vivo imaging and HE staining showed that no significant differences were found in fluorescence value and liver tissue morphology between the control mice and the mice treated with the exosomes from thin camels; while the fluorescence value and the live histology changes were alleviated in the mice with the exosomes from normal camels. After sequencing and proteomic analysis, 40 DE-miRNAs (15 down-regulated and 25 up-regulated) and 172 DEPs (77 up-regulated and 95 down-regulated) were identified in the plasma-derived exosomes from normal camels. These identified DE-miRNAs and DEPs were significantly enriched in many signaling pathways. Conclusions: Normal camel plasma-derived exosomes may inhibit the growth of HCC cells through regulating pathways of Ras, Rap1, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, AMPK, and canonical Wnt signaling pathways.

2022-02-23 | GSE197066 | GEO

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