Vaccination against microbiota motility protects mice from the detrimental impact of dietary emulsifiers consumption
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB64212 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Modern lifestyle is associated with a major consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) due to their practicality and palatability. The ingestion of emulsifiers, a main additive in UPFs, has been related to gut inflammation, microbiota dysbiosis, adiposity and obesity. Maternal unbalanced nutritional habits during embryonic and perinatal stages perturb offspring’s long-term metabolic health, thus increasing obesity and associated comorbidity risk. However, whether maternal emulsifier consumption influences developmental programming in the offspring remains unknown. Here we show that, in mice, maternal consumption of dietary emulsifiers (1% CMC and 1% P80 in drinking water), during gestation and lactation, perturbs the development of hypothalamic energy balance regulation centers of the progeny, leads to metabolic impairments, cognition deficits and induces anxiety-like traits in a sex-specific manner. Our findings support the notion that maternal consumption of emulsifiers, common additives of UPFs, causes mild metabolic and neuropsychological malprogramming in the progeny. Our data call for nutritional advice during gestation.
2023-07-31 | GSE231769 | GEO
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Project description:Inflammation is a well-characterized critical driver of gastrointestinal cancers. Previous findings have shown that intestinal low-grade inflammation can be promoted by the consumption of select dietary emulsifiers, ubiquitous component of processed foods which alter the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Using a model of colitis-associated cancer, we previously reported that consumption of the dietary emulsifiers carboxymethylcellulose or polysorbate-80 exacerbated colonic tumor development. Here, we investigate the impact of dietary emulsifiers consumption on cancer initiation and progression in a genetical model of intestinal adenomas. In APCmin mice, we observed that dietary emulsifiers consumption enhanced small-intestine tumor development in a way that appeared to be independent of chronic intestinal inflammation but rather associated with emulsifiers' impact on the proliferative status of the intestinal epithelium as well as on intestinal microbiota composition in both male and female mice. Overall, our findings further support the hypothesis that emulsifier consumption may be a new modifiable risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) and that alterations in host-microbiota interactions can favor gastrointestinal carcinogenesis in individuals with a genetical predisposition to such disorders.
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Project description:Adequate protein intake is crucial for animals. Despite the recent progress in understanding protein hunger and satiety in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, how fruit flies assess prospective dietary protein sources and ensure protein consumption remains elusive. We show here that three specific amino acids, L-glutamate (L-Glu), L-alanine (L-Ala), and L-aspartate (L-Asp), but not the D-enantiomers, rapidly promote food consumption in fruit flies when present in food. The effect of dietary amino acids to promote food consumption is independent of mating experience and internal nutritional status. Calcium imaging experiments show that six brain neurons expressing diuretic hormone 44 (DH44) can be rapidly and directly activated by these three amino acids during feeding. Genetic analysis shows that DH44+ neurons are both necessary and sufficient for dietary amino acids to promote food consumption. By conducting single cell RNAseq analysis, we also identify a amino acid transporter, CG13248, which is highly expressed in DH44+ neurons and is required for dietary amino acids to promote food consumption. Therefore, these data suggest that dietary amino acids may enter DH44+ neurons via CG13248 and modulate their activity and hence food consumption. Taken together, these data identify an internal amino acid sensor in the fly brain that evaluate food sources post-ingestively and facilitates adequate protein intake. These results shed critical light on the regulation of protein homeostasis at organismal levels by the nervous system.
2018-05-04 | GSE113990 | GEO
Project description:The flagellar motor is a powerful macromolecular machine used to propel bacteria through various environments. Flagellar motility of the alpha-proteobacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti is nearly abolished in the absence of the transcriptional regulator LdtR, which is involved in peptidoglycan remodeling. We report that LdtR does not regulate motility gene transcription. Remarkably, the motility defects of the DldtR mutant can be restored by secondary mutations in the motility gene motA or a previously uncharacterized gene in the flagellar regulon, which we named motS. MotS is not essential for S. meliloti motility and may serve an accessory role in flagellar motor function. Structural modeling predicts that MotS is comprised of an N-terminal transmembrane segment, a long-disordered region, and a conserved β-sandwich domain. The C-terminus of MotS is localized in the periplasm. Genetics-based substitution of MotA with a MotAG12S variant protein also restored the ΔldtR motility defect. The MotAG12S variant causes a local polarity shift at the periphery of the MotAB stator units. We propose that MotS may be required for optimal alignment of stators in wild-type flagellar motors but becomes detrimental in cells with altered peptidoglycan. Similarly, the polarity shift in the stator units composed of MotB/MotAG12S might stabilize its interaction with altered peptidoglycan.
2024-06-18 | GSE251837 | GEO
Project description:Dietary emulsifiers carboxylmethylcellulose (CMC) and polysorbate 80 (P80) alter the composition of the intestinal microbiota and induce chronic low-grade inflammation, ultimately leading to metabolic dysregulations in mice. As both gut microbiota and intestinal health can influence social and anxiety-like behaviors, we investigated whether emulsifier consumption would detrimentally influence behavior. We confirmed that emulsifier exposure induced chronic intestinal inflammation, increased adiposity, and altered gut microbiota composition in both male and female mice, although the specific microboal taxa altered following emulsifier consumption occurred in a sex-dependent manner. Importantly, emulsifier treatment altered anxiety-like behaviors in males and reduced social behavior in females. It also changed expression of neuropeptides implicated in the modulation of feeding as well as social and anxiety-related behaviors. Multivariate analyses revealed that CMC and P80 produced distinct clustering of physiological, neural, and behavioral effects in male and female mice, suggesting that emulsifier treatment leads to a syndrome of sex-dependent changes in microbiota, physiology, and behavior. This study reveals that these commonly used food additives may potentially negatively impact anxiety-related and social behaviors and may do so via different mechanisms in males and females.
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Project description:Akkermansia muciniphila counteracts the deleterious effects of dietary emulsifiers on microbiota and host metabolism
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