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Pollution gradients shape microbial communities associated with Ae. albopictus larval habitats in urban community gardens

ABSTRACT: 18S microbial communities composition of Ae. albopictus colonized and uncolonized waters

PROVIDER: PRJEB65912 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR12029500_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR12029500_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR12029501_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR12029501_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR12029502_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Pollution gradients shape microbial communities associated with Ae. albopictus larval habitats in urban community gardens

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Pollution gradients shape microbial communities associated with Ae. albopictus larval habitats in urban community gardens

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Aal-circRNA-407 regulates ovarian development of Aedes albopictus, a major arbovirus vector, via the miR-9a-5p/Foxl axis

Project description:Aedes albopictus shows a rapid global expansion and dramatic vectorial capacity for various arboviruses, thus posing a severe threat to global health. Although many noncoding RNAs have been confirmed to play functional roles in various biological processes in Ae. albopictus, the roles of circRNA remain a mystery. In the present study, we first performed high-throughput circRNA sequencing in Ae. albopictus. Then, we identified a cysteine desulfurase (CsdA) superfamily gene-originated circRNA, namely, aal-circRNA-407, which was the third most abundant circRNA in adult females and displayed a fat body highly expressed manifestation and blood feeding-dependent onset. siRNA-mediated knockdown of circRNA-407 resulted in a decrease in the number of developing follicles and a reduction in follicle size post blood meal. Furthermore, we demonstrated that circRNA-407 can act as a sponge of aal-miR-9a-5p to promote the expression of its target gene Foxl and eventually regulate ovarian development. Our study is the first to report a functional circRNA in mosquitoes, expanding our current understanding of important biological roles in mosquitoes and providing an alternative genetic strategy for mosquito control.

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Urban gardens promote bee foraging over natural habitats and plantations.

Project description:Increasing human land use for agriculture and housing leads to the loss of natural habitat and to widespread declines in wild bees. Bee foraging dynamics and fitness depend on the availability of resources in the surrounding landscape, but how precisely landscape related resource differences affect bee foraging patterns remains unclear. To investigate how landscape and its interaction with season and weather drive foraging and resource intake in social bees, we experimentally compared foraging activity, the allocation of foragers to different resources (pollen, nectar, and resin) and overall resource intake in the Australian stingless bee Tetragonula carbonaria (Apidae, Meliponini). Bee colonies were monitored in different seasons over two years. We compared foraging patterns and resource intake between the bees' natural habitat (forests) and two landscapes differently altered by humans (suburban gardens and agricultural macadamia plantations). We found foraging activity as well as pollen and nectar forager numbers to be highest in suburban gardens, intermediate in forests and low in plantations. Foraging patterns further differed between seasons, but seasonal variations strongly differed between landscapes. Sugar and pollen intake was low in plantations, but contrary with our predictions, it was even higher in gardens than in forests. In contrast, resin intake was similar across landscapes. Consequently, differences in resource availability between natural and altered landscapes strongly affect foraging patterns and thus resource intake in social bees. While agricultural monocultures largely reduce foraging success, suburban gardens can increase resource intake well above rates found in natural habitats of bees, indicating that human activities can both decrease and increase the availability of resources in a landscape and thus reduce or enhance bee fitness.

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Evaluation of Integrin aE-positive and negative cells

Project description:Etrolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively binds the b7 subunit of the heterodimeric integrins a4b7 and aEb7, is currently in development for patients with moderate-to-severely active UC. Integrin aE forms a heterodimer with b7; and aEb7 interacts with E-cadherin to mediate retention of aEb7+ cells in the intestinal epithelium. Baseline integrin aE levels have been identified as a potential predictive biomarker for etrolizumab response. Additional markers, including granzyme A, have also been identified and are being developed in partnership with Roche Molecular as potential predictive biomarkers for etrolizumab along with integrin aE. Extensive work has been done to characterize gut aE+ T cells by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and qPCR. We hope to use this project to validate differences between aE+ and aE- cell populations using CD4, CD8 and granzyme A expression as controls. The results from this project will be used to pilot single cell sequencing of CD3+aE+ cells isolated from the gut mucosa to identify cellular heterogeneity within aE+ cells under normal and inflammatory conditions. Materials and methods: Mucosal lymphocytes were isolated using a collagenase digestion from surgical specimens taken during routine gastrointestinal resections of diverticulitis and ulcerative colitis patients. CD45+TCRab+TCRgd- cells were sorted into aE+ and aE- groups.

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