Dietary emulsifier consumption accelerates type 1 diabetes development in NOD mice
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB67708 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Purpose: The goal of the current study was to test whether emulsifier consumption is associated with changes in gene expression in the amygdala and PVN Methods: Adult male C57BL/6J mice received drinking water containing either 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), 1% polysorbate-80 (P80) or water without emulsifier for 12 weeks. PVN and amygdala gene expression was generated by RNA-Seq using an Illumina NextSeq 500. FastQ quality filter was used to filter low quality sequences and Tophat, Bowtie, Cufflinks, and Cuffdiff were used for RNA-Seq analysis. qRT–PCR validation was performed using 6 differential genes of interest. Results: A total of 243 genes were differentially expressed in the amygdala and PVN of emulsifier-treated mice compared to controls. There was minimal overlap of differentially expressed genes in CMC- and P80-treated animals, suggesting that each emulsifier acts via distinct molecular mechanisms to produce an anxiety-like phenotype. Furthermore, gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed that various stress, metabolic, and immune terms and pathways were altered in emulsifier conditions. RNA-seq data was validated with qRT–PCR data (R2= 0.8815). Conclusions: These findings are the first to demonstrate that emulsifier consumption changes gene expression in brain regions that are critical for stress responding, providing possible molecular mechanisms that may underly the observed anxiety-like phenotype
2022-01-27 | GSE194260 | GEO
Project description:Antibiotic-mediated gut microbiome perturbation accelerates development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice
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Project description:Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is caused by killing of insulin producing β cells by CD8+T cells. The disease progression accelerates as glucose tolerance deteriorates suggesting that acquired factors contribute. To identify how environmental factors may lead to the expansion and pathogenicity of the diabetogenic T cells, we analyzed diabetogenic NRP-V7-reactive CD8+ T cells that recognize a peptide from the diabetes antigen IGRP in prediabetic NOD mice. There was an increase in the frequency of the NRP-V7-reactive cells coinciding with the time of glucose intolerance. The T cells persisted in hyperglycemic NOD mice maintained with an insulin pellet despite destruction of beta cells. We compared gene expression in the NRP-V7-reactive T cells to others that shared their phenotype but not selected for reactivity to diabetes antigens viral antigen reactive cells. Compared to these other cells, the NRP-V7-reactive cells exhibited gene expression of memory precursor effector cells. They had reduced cellular proliferation and were less dependent on oxidative phosphorylation. When prediabetic NOD mice were treated with 2DG to block aerobic glycolysis, there was a reduction in the diabetes antigen vs other cells of similar phenotype and loss of lymphoid cells infiltrating the islets. In addition, treatment of NOD mice with 2DG resulted in improved cell granularity. These findings identify a link between metabolic disturbances and autoreactive T cells that promotes development of autoimmune diabetes.
2016-03-17 | GSE79200 | GEO
Project description:Human intestinal microbiome determines individualized inflammatory response to dietary emulsifier carboxymethylcellulose consumption
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Project description:Profiles of gene expression in salivary gland cells were compared between NOD/ShiLtJ mice, an animal model or Sjogren's syndrome with or without T1D. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression when type 1 diabetes and identified distinct classes of up- or down-regulated genes.
2021-07-09 | GSE179654 | GEO
Project description:The purpose of this study was to analyze and elucidate the mechanisms of non-obese diabetes-experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (NOD-EAE), an animal model of progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), and to compare the pathological features with those observed in human progressive MS. To achieve this, pathological analysis, flow cytometry analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and transcriptome analysis were performed at each pathological stage of the NOD-EAE mice to characterize each pathological stages in the lesion. In the chronic phase of the NOD-EAE mice, fibrosis and lymph follicle formation, characteristic of progressive human MS, were observed. We describe the pathological profile and transcriptome analysis of the NOD-EAE mice and verify that this model has similar features to those of human progressive MS. Our findings suggest that this model recapitulates lymph follicle formation, a disease hallmark of progressive MS, and fibrosis, a feature complicating the pathogenesis of MS in the chronic phase.
2024-04-01 | GSE243235 | GEO
Project description:Analyze the effect of TLR9 deficiency on immue cell function at the gene expression level. Our hypothesis was that TLR9 deficiency promotes CD73 expression in T cells thus regulates autoimmune diabetes development in NOD mice.
2013-07-11 | GSE48781 | GEO
Project description:We used high density oligonucleotide arrays to measure the relative expression levels of >39,000 genes and ESTs in the NOD mouse (a murine model of T1D and other autoimmune conditions), four NOD-derived diabetes resistant congenic strains and two nondiabetic control strains. Owing to the importance of T cells in the development of T1D we decided to target two organs, the spleen and thymus. We profiled gene expression in thymi from four week old female mice and spleens from three month old female mice. For each of the 14 strain-tissue combinations (7 strains x 2 tissues) we performed two independent replicate experiments, making the total number of hybridizations performed 28. In each case, an RNA population from a pool of two or three organs was generated to minimize the chances of within strain variation masking genuine variation between the strains. To minimize any variation introduced during target preparation, all samples within a given replicate group were processed in parallel. Three samples from group two (spleen: B10.H2g7_S2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=gsm594 (GSM594); thymus: B10.H2g7_T2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=gsm608 (GSM608), B10.H2g7 Idd3_T2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=gsm609 (GSM609)) and one from group one (spleen B10.H2g7_S1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=gsm587 (GSM587) failed a preliminary quality control check. Consequently, the steps involved in preparing labelled cRNA from the initial starting material had to be repeated for these four samples at a later date. A subsequent comparison of the variation seen between samples within the same replicate group (samples processed in parallel) versus samples in distinct replicate groups (samples processed at different times) revealed that the variation between the two groups (i.e. owing to independent sample preparation) was higher than the small amount of variation between the closely matched strains. Ignoring the variability introduced during sample preparation was therefore likely to result in spurious changes being detected and genuine strain-specific differences in gene expression being masked. Consequently, we decided to exclude the four samples that had had to be prepared independently owing to failing initial quality control. Keywords = NOD, diabetes, congenic Keywords: other
2001-11-21 | GSE11 | GEO
Project description:NOD-Idd22 mice are congenic mice of NOD background with a piece of chromosome 8 being substituted with ALR genetic material. These mice are resistant to spontaneous autoimmune diabetes as well as chemically induced in vivo islet beta cell destructions. The goal of this project is to come pare gene expressions in islets between NOD-Idd22 and NOD mice. NOD-Rag1 was used instead of NOD to avoid lymphocyte infiltrtation in isltes.
2022-06-27 | GSE206705 | GEO
Project description:Modern lifestyle is associated with a major consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) due to their practicality and palatability. The ingestion of emulsifiers, a main additive in UPFs, has been related to gut inflammation, microbiota dysbiosis, adiposity and obesity. Maternal unbalanced nutritional habits during embryonic and perinatal stages perturb offspring’s long-term metabolic health, thus increasing obesity and associated comorbidity risk. However, whether maternal emulsifier consumption influences developmental programming in the offspring remains unknown. Here we show that, in mice, maternal consumption of dietary emulsifiers (1% CMC and 1% P80 in drinking water), during gestation and lactation, perturbs the development of hypothalamic energy balance regulation centers of the progeny, leads to metabolic impairments, cognition deficits and induces anxiety-like traits in a sex-specific manner. Our findings support the notion that maternal consumption of emulsifiers, common additives of UPFs, causes mild metabolic and neuropsychological malprogramming in the progeny. Our data call for nutritional advice during gestation.
2023-07-31 | GSE231769 | GEO