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Microplastic project

ABSTRACT: Microplastic Release from Paper Cups Causes Metabolic and Reproductive Toxicity in Mice

PROVIDER: PRJEB70815 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR12406700_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR12406700_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR12406800_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR12406800_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR12406701_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Inhalable textile microplastic fibers impair airway epithelial differentiation

Project description:Rationale Microplastics are a pressing global concern and inhalation of microplastic fibers has been associated with interstitial and bronchial inflammation in flock workers. However, how microplastic fibers affect the lungs is unknown. Objectives Our aim was to assess the effects of 12x31 µm nylon 6,6 (nylon) and 15x52 µm polyethylene terephthalate (polyester) textile microplastic fibers on lung epithelial growth and differentiation. Methods We used human and murine alveolar and airway-type organoids as well as air-liquid interface cultures derived from primary lung epithelial progenitor cells and incubated these with either nylon or polyester fibers or nylon leachate. In addition, mice received one dose of nylon fibers or nylon leachate and 7 days later organoid-forming capacity of isolated epithelial cells was investigated. Results We observed that nylon microfibers, more than polyester, inhibited developing airway organoids and not established ones. This effect was mediated by components leaching from nylon. Epithelial cells isolated from mice exposed to nylon fibers or leachate, also formed fewer airway organoids, suggesting long-lasting effects of nylon components on epithelial cells. Part of these effects were recapitulated in human air-liquid interface cultures. Transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of Hoxa5 post-exposure to nylon fibers. Inhibiting Hoxa5 protein during nylon exposure restored airway organoid formation, confirming Hoxa5's pivotal role in the effects of nylon. Conclusions These results suggest that components leaching from nylon 6,6 may especially harm developing airways and/or airways undergoing repair and we strongly encourage to characterize both hazard of and exposure to microplastic fibers in more detail.

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Assessment of transcriptomic and apical responses of Daphnia magna exposed to a 3 polyethylene microplastic in a 21-day chronic study

Project description:There is global concern regarding the fate and effects of microplastics in the environment, particularly in aquatic systems. In this study, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer particles were evaluated in a chronic toxicity study with the aquatic invertebrate, Daphnia magna. The study design included a natural particle control treatment (i.e., silica) in order to discern any potential physical effects of a particlefrom intrinsic toxicity of the test material. In addition to the standard endpoints of survival, growth, and reproduction, the transcriptomic profile of control and ethylene acrylic acid copolymer-exposed D. magna were evaluated at the termination of the 21-day toxicity study. No significant effects on D. magna growth, survival, or reproduction were observed in the study in comparison to both particle and untreated control groups. Significant transcriptomic alterations were induced in the highest treatment level of 2.3 x 1012 particles of the ethylene acrylic acid copolymer/ L in key pathways linked to central metabolism and energy reserves, oxidative stress, as well as ovulation and molting indicating a global transcriptomic response pattern. To put the results in perspective is challenging at this time, since, to date, microplastic environmental monitoring approaches have not been equipped to detect particles in the nano size range. However, the results of this study indicate that ethylene acrylic acid copolymer microplastics in the upper nano-size range are not expected to adversely affect D. magna growth, survival, or reproductive outcomes at concentrations up to 1012 particles/L.

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Project description:The freshwater mussel Dreissena bugensis was exposed for nine days to different microplastic particles, in detail, to three petroleum-based polymers (polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS)), to one bio-based polymer (polylactic acid (PLA)) and to ground mussel shells (MS), serving as a natural particle control (size range: 20-75 µm;1000 p ml-1). Behavior endpoints were analyzed with hall sensor based real-time valvometry. Additionally, biochemical alterations of ROS detoxifying enzymes were analyzed, and a proteomic profiling on digestive gland tissue was performed.

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