Capturing the Aerobiome: Application of Polyurethane Foam Disk Passive Samplers for Bioaerosol Monitoring
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PROVIDER: PRJEB71037 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Passive air samplers (PAS) including polyurethane foam (PUF) are widely deployed as an inexpensive and practical way to sample semivolatile pollutants. However, concentration estimates from PAS rely on constant empirical mass transfer rates, which add unquantified uncertainties to concentrations. Here we present a method for modeling hourly sampling rates for semivolatile compounds from hourly meteorology using first-principle chemistry, physics, and fluid dynamics, calibrated from depuration experiments. This approach quantifies and explains observed effects of meteorology on variability in compound-specific sampling rates and analyte concentrations, simulates nonlinear PUF uptake, and recovers synthetic hourly concentrations at a reference temperature. Sampling rates are evaluated for polychlorinated biphenyl congeners at a network of Harner model samplers in Chicago, IL, during 2008, finding simulated average sampling rates within analytical uncertainty of those determined from loss of depuration compounds and confirming quasilinear uptake. Results indicate hourly, daily, and interannual variability in sampling rates, sensitivity to temporal resolution in meteorology, and predictable volatility-based relationships between congeners. We quantify the importance of each simulated process to sampling rates and mass transfer and assess uncertainty contributed by advection, molecular diffusion, volatilization, and flow regime within the PAS, finding that PAS chamber temperature contributes the greatest variability to total process uncertainty (7.3%).
| S-EPMC3764502 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Emission of primary bioaerosol particles from Baltic Sea water
| PRJEB49421 | ENA
Project description:Legionnaire’s Disease is a growing concern for the United States and Europe, with disease incidences rising 6-fold since 2002. These recorded cases are increasingly associated with antibiotic resistant Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaire’s Disease and overall Legionellosis. With this, the need to study L. pneumophilainfections has never been greater. Current methodology for Legionella pneumophila infection studies often revolves around either artificial administration using intranasal or intratracheal delivery, semi-authentic delivery using bioaerosols and individual delivery systems (i.e. nose cones), or the burgeoning field of authentic exposure scenarios using aerosol generating showerhead devices. Here, we developed an alternative method using a Madison Aerosol Chamber as a means of generating and delivering bioaerosols in mice. We show that bioaerosol delivery using the Aerosol Exposure Chamber is very effective at exposing mice to various doses of L. pneumophila. RNASeq analyses revealed a robust immune response to bioaerosol delivered L. pneumophila comprising of activations of classical markers of infection and inflammation, including Cxcl and Ccl family genes and Il-1β. Similar gene expression profiles were observed when animals were intranasally exposed to L. pneumophila. Intranasal delivery resulted in a shorter duration of activation of several genes, indicating a lack of realistic infection response. Taken together, this evidence shows that our system delivers similar, if not better, results than intranasal inoculation while allowing researchers to study bioaerosol generation and delivery mechanisms simultaneously, critical factors for studying Legionella pneumophila infection. Such a new approach will allow for more accurate investigations to understand the effects of inhaling to Legionella contaminated drinking water.
2023-10-01 | GSE241094 | GEO
Project description:Background: Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, most of which are caused by atherosclerosis. Discerning processes that participate in macrophage-to-foam cell formation are critical for understanding the basic mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis. To explore the molecular mechanisms of foam cell formation, the differentially expressed proteins were identified. Methods: In this paper, human monocytes, macrophage colony-stimulating factor induced macrophages, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein induced foam cells were cultured, and tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling combined with mass spectrometry (MS) were performed to find associations between foam cell transformation and proteome profiles. Results: Totally, 5146 quantifiable proteins were identified, among which 1515 and 182 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were found in macrophage/monocyte and foam cell/macrophage, respectively, using a cutoff of 1.5-fold change. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that downregulated DEPs of macrophages/monocytes were mostly located in the nucleus and upregulated DEPs of foam cells/macrophages mostly located in the plasma membrane and extracellular. Functional analysis of DEPs demonstrated that cholesterol metabolism related proteins were upregulated in foam cells, whereas the immune response-related proteins were downregulated in foam cells. The protein-interaction network showed that the DEPs with the highest interaction intensity between macrophages and foam cells were mainly concentrated in lysosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum. Conclusions: This study for the first time to perform quantitative proteomic investigation by TMT labeling and LC-MS/MS to identify differentially expressed proteins in human monocyte, macrophage, and foam cell. The results confirmed cholesterol metabolism was upregulated in foam cells, while immune response was suppressed, which suggested that foam cells were not the population that promote inflammation. In addition, KEGG enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction indicated that the differentially expressed proteins locating in the endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes may be key targets to regulate foam cell formation. These data provide a basis for identifying the potential proteins associated with the molecular mechanism involved in the transformation of macrophages to foam cells.
2022-02-15 | PXD028363 | Pride
Project description:Polyurethane foam passive air samplers (PUF-PAS) are the most common type of passive air sampler used for a range of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), including regulated persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and emerging contaminants (e.g., novel flame retardants, phthalates, current-use pesticides). Data from PUF-PAS are key indicators of effectiveness of global regulatory actions on SVOCs, such as the Global Monitoring Plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. While most PUF-PAS use similar double-dome metal shielding, there is no standardized dome size, shape, or deployment configuration, with many different PUF-PAS designs used in regional and global monitoring. Yet, no information is available on the comparability of data from studies using different PUF-PAS designs. We brought together 12 types of PUF-PAS used by different research groups around the world and deployed them in a multi-part intercomparison to evaluate the variability in reported concentrations introduced by different elements of PAS monitoring. PUF-PAS were deployed for 3 months in outdoor air in Kjeller, Norway in 2015-2016 in three phases to capture (1) the influence of sampler design on data comparability, (2) the influence of analytical variability when samplers are analyzed at different laboratories, and (3) the overall variability in global monitoring data introduced by differences in sampler configurations and analytical methods. Results indicate that while differences in sampler design (in particular, the spacing between the upper and lower sampler bowls) account for up to 50 % differences in masses collected by samplers, the variability introduced by analysis in different laboratories far exceeds this amount, resulting in differences spanning orders of magnitude for POPs and PAHs. The high level of variability due to analysis in different laboratories indicates that current SVOC air sampling data (i.e., not just for PUF-PAS but likely also for active air sampling) are not directly comparable between laboratories/monitoring programs. To support on-going efforts to mobilize more SVOC data to contribute to effectiveness evaluation, intercalibration exercises to account for uncertainties in air sampling, repeated at regular intervals, must be established to ensure analytical comparability and avoid biases in global-scale assessments of SVOCs in air caused by differences in laboratory performance.
| S-EPMC8525512 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PDMS foam and sheet were used for indoor passive air sampling in triplicates (n=3) up to 90 days and characterized by LC-HRMS
2022-06-29 | MSV000089753 | MassIVE
Project description:PDMS foam and sheet were used for indoor passive air sampling in triplicates (n=3) up to 90 days and characterized by LC-HRMS
2022-06-29 | MSV000089752 | MassIVE