Exploring sequence diversity in Napier grass to fast-track forage breeding in Africa
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PROVIDER: PRJEB73794 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.) is one of the most important forage crops in temperate regions. Forage production, however, faces many challenges, and new cultivars adapted to a changing climate are needed. Wild populations and relatives of timothy may serve as valuable genetic resources in the breeding of improved cultivars. The aim of our study is to provide knowledge about the phenotypic diversity in domesticated (cultivars, breeding lines and landraces) and wild timothy and two closely related species, P. nodosum (lowland species) and P. alpinum, (high altitude species) to identify potential genetic resources. A total of 244 accessions of timothy and the two related species were studied for growth (plant height, fresh and dry weight) and plant development (days to stem elongation, days to booting and days to heading) in the field and in a greenhouse. We found a large diversity in development and growth between the three Phleum species, as well as between the accessions within each species. Timothy showed the highest growth, but no significant difference was found between wild accessions and cultivars of timothy in fresh and dry weight. However, these two groups of accessions showed significant differences in plant development, where timothy cultivars as a group reached flowering earlier than the wild accessions. This suggests that there has not been a strong directional selection towards increased yield during the domestication and breeding of timothy; rather, timothy has been changed for other traits such as earlier heading. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis based on all traits revealed distinct clusters. Accessions falling within the same cluster showed similarities in the development and growth rather than the type of accession. The large diversity found in this study shows the potential of using timothy accessions as genetic resources in crosses with existing cultivars. Also, accessions of P. nodosum with favorable traits can be candidates for the domestication of a novel forage crop, and the high-altitude relative P. alpinum may be a source of genes for the development of more cold and stresstolerant cultivars.
| S-EPMC10575225 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:
Laparoscopic colorectal surgery has been shown by randomized trials to be associated with better short-term clinical outcomes when compared with open surgery. However, in a traditional perioperative care setting, the reduction in hospital stay following laparoscopic surgery in these trials was modest. Fast-track perioperative programs have been introduced in the West to optimize perioperative factors to reduce the physiological/psychological stress of open colorectal surgery. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of fast-track programs on the outcomes after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
Objective:
To compare the clinical and immunological outcomes of Hong Kong Chinese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer with a "traditional" vs. a "fast-track" perioperative program.
Design:
Prospective randomized trial.
Subjects:
One hundred and twenty-eight consecutive patients undergoing elective laparoscopic resection of non-metastatic colonic and upper rectal cancer will be recruited.
Interventions:
Patients will be randomized to a "traditional" or a "fast-track" perioperative program.
Outcome measures:
Primary outcome: total postoperative hospital stay, including hospital stay of patients who are readmitted within 30 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes: immunological parameters (including systemic cytokine response and cell-mediated immune function), morbidity and mortality, quality of life, and medical costs.
| 2105727 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:This study aimed to explore the changes in miRNAome in plasma and blood leucocytes during diet transition from forage to high-grain.
2022-03-20 | GSE198854 | GEO
Project description:This study aimed to explore the changes in miRNAome in the rumen fluid during diet transition from forage to high-grain.
2022-02-03 | GSE195757 | GEO
Project description:This study aimed to explore the changes in miRNAome in the rumen epithelium during diet transition from forage to high-grain and the modulation through supplementation with phytogenic feed additives (PHY).
2021-09-24 | GSE184578 | GEO
Project description:Purple napier grass silage Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA1082077 | ENA
Project description:Animal nutrition considerably affects milk composition that influences its nutritional quality. Milk component synthesis and secretion by the mammary gland involve the expression of a large number of genes whose nutritional regulation remains poorly defined. In this study, 16 lactating goats received 4 experimental diets differing in either forage to concentrate ratio (high forage, HF, or low forage, LF) supplemented, or not, with lipids (whole rapeseeds, RS, or sunflower oil, SO) in a 4 x 4 Latin Square design. To investigate the pathways regulated by nutrition, we examined the effect of these diets on the expression of approximately 8400 genes in caprine mammary gland using a bovine oligonucleotide microarray.
2009-11-29 | GSE11592 | GEO
Project description:This study aimed to explore the changes in global gene expression in the epithelial transcriptome during diet transition from forage to high-grain and the modulation through supplementation with phytogenic feed additives (PHY).
2021-09-25 | GSE184575 | GEO
Project description:IntroductionIn 2016, under its new National Adherence Guidelines (AGL), South Africa formalized an existing model of fast-track HIV treatment initiation counselling (FTIC). Rollout of the AGL included an evaluation study at 24 clinics, with staggered AGL implementation. Using routinely collected data extracted as part of the evaluation study, we estimated and compared the costs of HIV care and treatment from the provider's perspective at the 12 clinics implementing the new, formalized model (AGL-FTIC) to costs at the 12 clinics continuing to implement some earlier, less formalized, model that likely varied across clinics (denoted here as early-FTIC).MethodsThis was a cost-outcome analysis using standard methods and a composite outcome defined as initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) within 30 days of treatment eligibility and retained in care at 9 months. Using patient-level, bottom-up resource-utilization data and local unit costs, we estimated patient-level costs of care and treatment in 2017 U.S. dollars over the 9-month evaluation follow-up period for the two models of care. Resource use and costs, disaggregated by antiretroviral medications, laboratory tests, and clinic visits, are reported by model of care and stratified by the composite outcome.ResultsA total of 350/343 patients in the early-FTIC/AGL-FTIC models of care are included in this analysis. Mean/median costs were similar for both models of care ($135/$153 for early-FTIC, $130/$151 for AGL-FTIC). For the subset achieving the composite outcome, resource use and therefore mean/median costs were similar but slightly higher, reflecting care consistent with treatment guidelines ($163/$166 for early-FTIC, $168/$170 for AGL-FTIC). Not surprisingly, costs for patients not achieving the composite outcome were substantially less, mainly because they only had two or fewer follow-up visits and, therefore, received substantially less ART than patients who achieved the composite outcome.ConclusionThe 2016 adherence guidelines clarified expectations for the content and timing of adherence counseling sessions in relation to ART initiation. Because clinics were already initiating patients on ART quickly by 2016, little room existed for the new model of fast-track initiation counseling to reduce the number of pre-ART clinic visits at the study sites and therefore to reduce costs of care and treatment.Trial registrationClinical Trial Number: NCT02536768.
| S-EPMC7971492 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A new notion"Fast Track Multi-Discipline Treatment" for colorectal cancer is thought with several benefits such as shorter hospitalization stay and less costs. This randomized study aims to compare the differences between conventional and Fast Track Multi-Discipline Treatment for colorectal cancer in hospitalization day, complications, costs and quality of life.
| 2085833 | ecrin-mdr-crc