Project description:Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in males. It is a multifactorial condition involving genetic predisposition and hormonal changes. The role of microflora during hair loss remains to be understood. We therefore analyzed the microbiome of hair follicles from hair loss patients and the healthy. Hair follicles were extracted from occipital and vertex region of hair loss patients and healthy volunteers and further dissected into middle and lower compartments. The microbiome was then characterized by 16S rRNA sequencing. Distinct microbial population were found in the middle and lower compartment of hair follicles. Middle hair compartment was predominated by Burkholderia spp. and less diverse; while higher bacterial diversity was observed in the lower hair portion. Occipital and vertex hair follicles did not show significant differences. In hair loss patients, miniaturized vertex hair houses elevated Propionibacterium acnes in the middle and lower compartments while non-miniaturized hair of other regions were comparable to the healthy. Increased abundance of P. acnes in miniaturized hair follicles could be associated to elevated immune response gene expression in the hair follicle.
Project description:To fully interrogate location-specific variations of the hair follicle in AGA and normal persons, we sought to perform a thorough and comprehensive transcripotome profiling of different locations of hair follicles (bulb portions, bulge portions) in balding and non-balding areas of AGA, with normal comparisons.
Project description:To fully interrogate location-specific variations of microRNAs of the hair follicle in AGA and normal persons, we sought to perform a thorough and comprehensive microRNA profiling of different locations of hair follicles (bulb portions, bugle portions)
Project description:Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a progressive dermatological disorder of scalp hair loss, while beard growth in AGA is normally unaffected. In an attempt to identify genes that contribute to the androgen-responsive phenotype, we performed a thorough transcriptome profiling of hair follicles (HFs) from frontal and occipital scalp, chin and armpit. Through this analysis, three specifiic different expressed genes(LGALS7B, FABP4, FOS) were identified using qPCR, immunofluorescence. The differences in the expression of these genes in cultured beard and frontal HF reflected less inflammation and immune response, more active keratinization and PPARs signaling in beard HFs compared to frontal HFs. This profiling results be used to understand the different molecular mechanism of hair growth between AGA beard and HF, and those provided a possibility for the enlarged beard phenotype and AGA treatment.
Project description:In this study, in order to explore the role of autophagy of human hair follicle stem cells in hair growth, we explored new ideas for hair regrowth. In this study, rapamycin was used to treat hair follicle stem cells to promote autophagy, and the different expression of genes was observed by comparing with the blank control group.
Project description:Testosterone is necessary for the development of male pattern baldness, known as androgenetic alopecia (AGA); yet the mechanisms for decreased hair growth in this disorder are unclear. Here, we show that prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS) is elevated at the mRNA and protein levels in bald scalp compared to haired scalp of men with AGA. The product of PTGDS enzyme activity, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), is similarly elevated in bald scalp. During normal follicle cycling in mice Ptgds and PGD2 levels increase immediately preceding the regression phase, suggesting an inhibitory effect on hair growth. We show that PGD2 inhibits hair growth in explanted human hair follicles and when applied topically to mice. Hair growth inhibition requires the PGD2 receptor G protein-coupled receptor 44 (GPR44), but not the prostaglandin D2 receptor 1(PTGDR). Furthermore, we find that a transgenic mouse, K14-Ptgs2, which targets prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 expression to the skin, demonstrates elevated levels of PGD2 in the skin and develops alopecia, follicular miniaturization and sebaceous gland hyperplasia, which are all hallmarks of human AGA. These results define PGD2 as an inhibitor of hair growth in AGA and suggest the PGD2-GPR44 pathway as a potential target for treatment. 5 individuals with Androgenetic Alopecia were biopsied at both their haired and bald scalp for mRNA purification and microarray (total 10 arrays)