TRNA hydroxylation links epitranscriptomic modification to metabolic regulation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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PROVIDER: PRJEB83028 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Increasing evidence implicates critical roles of various epitranscriptomic RNA modifications in different biological processes. Methyltransferase METTL8 installs 3-methylcytosine modification of mitochondrial tRNAs in vitro, however, its role in intact biological systems is completely unknown. Here we show that Mettl8 is localized in the mitochondria and installs m3C in mitochondrial tRNASer(UCN)/Thr in mouse embryonic cortical neural stem cells. At molecular and cellular levels, Mettl8 deletion in cortical neural stem cells leads to reduced mitochondrial protein translation and attenuated respiration activity. At the functional level, conditional Mettl8 deletion in mice results in impaired embryonic cortical neural stem cell maintenance in vivo, which can be rescued by pharmacologically enhancing mitochondrial functions. Similarly, METTL8 regulates mitochondrial protein expression and neural stem cell maintenance in human forebrain cortical organoids. Together, our study reveals a conserved epitranscriptomic mechanism of Mettl8 and mitochondrial tRNA m3C modification in maintaining embryonic cortical neural stem cells in mice and humans.
2023-01-12 | GSE214445 | GEO
Project description:Epitranscriptomic regulation of cortical neural stem cell maintenance via Mettl8-dependent mitochondrial tRNA m3C modification
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Project description:In this study we performed MeRIP-Seq to study N6-methyl adenosine (m6A) and and N6,2′ -O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) modification of mRNA. We investigated the effect of the microbiota on the transcriptome and epitranscriptomic modifications in murine liver and cecum. We compared m6A/m modification profiles in cecum of conventionally raised (CONV) and germ-free (GF) mice. We additionally included GF mice colonised with the flora of CONV mice for four weeks (ex-GF), for which show that they exhibit similar patterns of the most abundant genera of gut bacteria as CONV mice. We added mice treated with several antibiotics to deplete the gut flora (abx)and vancomycin treated mice in which the genera Akkermansia, Escherichia/Shigella and Lactobacillus were enriched. Furthermore, we included GF mice colonised with the commensal bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila (Am), Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) and Escherichia coli Nissle (Ec) and analysed their m6A/m modification profiles. In addition, we analysed changes in m6A/m- modified liver RNA for CONV, GF, and Am, Lp and Ec mice.
2020-02-12 | E-MTAB-6560 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Quantitative and qualitative changes in mRNA translation occur in tumor cells and support cancer progression and metastasis. Post-transcriptional nucleoside modifications of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) at the wobble U34 base are highly conserved and contribute to translation fidelity. Here, we show that ELP3 and CTU1/2, partner enzymes in U34 mcm5s2-tRNA modification, are upregulated in human breast cancers and sustain metastasis. Elp3 genetic ablation strongly impaired invasion and metastasis formation in the PyMT model of invasive breast cancer. Mechanistically, ELP3 and CTU1/2 support cellular invasion through the translation of the oncoprotein DEK. As a result, DEK promotes the IRES-dependent translation of the pro-invasive transcription factor LEF1. Consistently, a DEK mutant, whose codon composition is independent of U34 mcm5s2-tRNA modification, escapes the ELP3- and CTU1-dependent regulation and restores the IRES-dependent LEF1 expression. Our results demonstrate the key role of U34 tRNA modification to support specific translation during breast cancer progression and highlight a functional link between tRNA modification- and IRES-dependent translation during tumor cell invasion and metastasis.analysis of transcriptomic changes due to Elp3genetic deletion in cells extracted from PyMT mammary tumors.
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2020-03-23 | PXD013116 | Pride
Project description:We report the identification and quantification of Watson-Crick modifications in tRNA and rRNA through the use of high throughput sequencing. We apply the recently published DM-tRNA-Seq method to generate demethylase treated and untreated 293T samples, and using computational methods we are able to flag sites using a modification index. This index allows us to generate site-resolved information about modification that we can use to identify and quantify Watson-Crick face modifications in tRNA and rRNA. With the demethylase treated samples, we are able to validate numerous nucleotide modifications from demethylase substrates, and the absence of demethylase action also serves to aid in identification. We find numerous novel modification sites in tRNA as well as striking comparisons between tissues cultures lines. Our study reports a comprehensive analysis of the tRNA modification landscape by identifying sites of modification as well as quantifying modification levels.
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Project description:N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification is one of the most prevalent tRNA modifications in human. The precise function and molecular mechanism of m7G tRNA modification in regulation of cancer remain poorly understood. Here we showed that m7G tRNA modification, METTL1 and WDR4 are elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and associated with HCC patient prognosis. Functionally, silencing METTL1 or WDR4 inhibits HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while forced expression of wild type METTL1 but not its catalytic dead mutant promotes HCC progression. Knockdown of METTL1 reduces m7G tRNA modification and decreases m7G modified tRNA expression. Mechanistically, METTL1 depletion selectively decreases the mRNA translation of a subset of oncogenic genes, especially cell cycle and EGFR pathway genes, in m7G-related codon dependent manner. Moreover, in vivo studies using Mettl1 knock-in and knockout mice reveal a critical function of Mettl1 mediated m7G tRNA modifications in promoting hepatocarcinogenesis in the hydrodynamics transfection HCC model. Our work uncovers the critical functions of tRNA m7G modification in regulating cancer mRNA translation and promoting hepatocarcinogenesis, thus provides new insights into role of the mis-regulated tRNA modifications in cancers.
2021-06-26 | GSE174492 | GEO
Project description:tRNA modifications play important roles in maintaining translation accuracy in all domains of life. Disruptions in the tRNA modification machinery, especially of the anticodon stem loop, can be lethal for many bacteria and lead to a broad range of phenotypes in baker’s yeast. Very little is known about the function of tRNA modifications in host-pathogen interactions, where rapidly changing environments and stresses require fast adaptations. We found that two closely related fungal pathogens of humans, the highly pathogenic Candida albicans and its much less pathogenic sister species, Candida dubliniensis, differ in the function of a tRNA-modifying enzyme. This enzyme, Hma1, exhibits speciesspecific effects on the ability of the two fungi to grow in the hypha morphology, which is central to their virulence potential. We show that Hma1 has tRNA-threonylcarbamoyladenosine dehydratase activity, and its deletion alters ribosome occupancy, especially at 37°C—the body temperature of the human host. A C. albicans HMA1 deletion mutant also shows defects in adhesion to and invasion into human epithelial cells and shows reduced virulence in a fungal infection model. This links tRNA modifications to host-induced filamentation and virulence of one of the most important fungal pathogens of humans.
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Project description:The tRNA N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification is not essential for yeast growth, but in mammals mis-regulations of tRNA m7G modification cause stem cell defect and developmental disorders. Here we found that homozygous mutated WDR4 caused microcephaly, retardation in motor coordination and spatial learning ability in mice, which mimics the symptom in human patients with WDR4 mutation. Further analysis revealed that homozygous mutation of WDR4 impaired tRNA m7G modification and reduced the translation level of genes involved in mTOR signaling pathway in mouse brain, which further caused endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cell death. Our study uncovered a new layer of translation regulation mechanism mediated by tRNA m7G modification, provided strong evidence to support the important physiological function of mis-regulated tRNA modification in neuron disorders.
2024-10-16 | GSE229610 | GEO
Project description:The tRNA N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification is not essential for yeast growth, but in mammals mis-regulations of tRNA m7G modification cause stem cell defect and developmental disorders. Here we found that homozygous mutated WDR4 caused microcephaly, retardation in motor coordination and spatial learning ability in mice, which mimics the symptom in human patients with WDR4 mutation. Further analysis revealed that homozygous mutation of WDR4 impaired tRNA m7G modification and reduced the translation level of genes involved in mTOR signaling pathway in mouse brain, which further caused endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cell death. Our study uncovered a new layer of translation regulation mechanism mediated by tRNA m7G modification, provided strong evidence to support the important physiological function of mis-regulated tRNA modification in neuron disorders.
2024-10-16 | GSE229240 | GEO