Project description:Sugarcane plantlets from a variety with high inputs of N obtained from BNF (genotype SP70-1143, CTC, Brazil) free of microorganisms were obtained by sterile meristem culture and micropropagation according to the method of Hendre et al. (1983). In vitro-grown SP70-1143 rooted sugarcane plantlets were inoculated as described by James et al. (1994) with 0.1 ml of 106–107 bacterial suspension. Controls were inoculated with medium only. Endophytic diazotrophic bacteria used were Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus (PAL5 strain) or a mixture of Herbaspirillum seropedicae (HRC54 strain) and H. rubrisubalbicans (HCC103 strain). All plants were maintained at 30°C with an irradiance of 60 µmol photons m–2 s–1 for 12 h d–1. One day after the inoculation, plant tissues were examined for bacterial colonization by the Most Probable Number (MPN) estimation, according to the methods of Reis et al. (1994) and plantlets were collected and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Five plantlets were polled for each treatment. Extraction of total RNA was performed separately on each sample pool. Keywords: comparison of associations with different endophytic bacterias
Project description:Citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC), caused by Xylella fastidiosa, is an important citrus disease that produces chlorotic injuries on leaves and reduced fruit size. This bacterium colonizes plant xylem, thereby interrupting sap flow. Other disease symptoms depend on environmental factors, since asymptomatic and symptomatic CVC plants may be genetically similar. The endophytic microbiome comprises many microbial species that may interact with pathogens, reducing disease symptoms and improving plant growth. However, the genetic and physiological mechanisms that underlie this interaction are largely unknown. In this study, the citrus endophytic bacterium Methylobacterium mesophilicum SR1.6/6 was isolated from healthy plants. This bacterium was able to colonize citrus xylem and could be transferred from plant to plant by Bucephalogonia xanthopis (Insecta), suggesting that this endophytic bacterium may interact with X. fastidiosa in planta, as a result of co-transmission by the same insect vector. To better understand how X. fastidiosa genetic responds to the presence of M. mesophilicum in the same environment, we used microarrays to evaluate the transcriptional profile of X. fastidiosa, after in vitro co-cultivation with M. mesophilicum SR1.6/6. The results showed that during co-cultivation with M. mesophilicum, X. fastidiosa downregulated genes related to growth, while genes related to energy production (cellular respiration) and transport were upregulated. Moreover, X. fastidiosa modulates genes associated with molecular recognition, nutrient competition and the stress response, suggesting the existence of a specific adaptive response to the presence of M. mesophilicum in the culture medium
Project description:Endophytic fungi are fungi that live inside the roots of plants. They can promote plant growth through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Direct mechanisms include the production of phytohormones, such as auxin and gibberellins, which can stimulate plant growth. Endophytic fungi can also fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and produce siderophores, which are compounds that chelate iron and make it available to plants. In addition, some endophytic fungi produce antimicrobial metabolites that can protect plants from pests and pathogens. Indirect mechanisms include the induction of systemic resistance, which is a plant's ability to defend itself against pests and pathogens. Endophytic fungi can also help plants to tolerate abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and heavy metals. In this study, we used a proteomic approach to identify the proteins that are expressed in rice plants after they are treated with endophytic fungi. We found that the treatment with endophytic fungi resulted in the expression of a number of proteins involved in plant growth, stress response, and defense. These results suggest that endophytic fungi can promote plant growth and improve plant resilience to stress.