Project description:We sequenced cell-free nucleaic acid (cfNA) for 2 major cancer types (44 samples of colorectal cancer and 36 samples of stomach cancer) and 81 samples of healthy individuals collected in China. Cancer related signaling pathway were identified. Cancer detection and specific classification were achieved through combining both cfRNA and cfDNA reads.
Project description:Overall, the study aims at obtaining a comprehensive picture of the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, transcriptome using high-coverage RNA-seq of sexed whole-insect samples collected at different developmental time points. This experiment focuses on transcriptomes of 10h, 20h, 28h and 36h male and female embryos.
Project description:Overall, the study aims at obtaining a comprehensive picture of the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, transcriptome using high-coverage RNA-seq of sexed whole-insect samples collected at different developmental time points. This experiment focuses on transcriptomes of 4 h, 10 h and 20 h old male and female pupae.
Project description:The Anopheles mosquito is one of thousands of species in which sex differences play a central role in their biology, as only females need a blood meal in order to produce eggs. Sex differentiation is regulated by sex chromosomes, but their presence creates a dosage imbalance between males (XY) and females (XX). Dosage compensation (DC) can re-equilibrate the expression of sex-chromosomal genes, but because DC mechanisms have only been fully characterized in a few model organisms, key questions about its evolutionary diversity and functional necessity remain unresolved. Here we report the discovery of a previously uncharacterized gene (SOA) as a master regulator of DC in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Sex-specific alternative splicing prevents functional SOA protein expression in females. The male isoform encodes a DNA-binding protein that binds the promoters of active X chromosomal genes. Expressing male SOA is sufficient to induce DC in female cells. Male mosquitoes lacking SOA or female mosquitos ectopically expressing the male isoform exhibit X chromosome misregulation, which is compatible with viability but causes developmental delay. Thus, our molecular analysis of the first DC master regulator in a non-model organism elucidates the evolutionary steps leading to the establishment of a chromosome-specific fine-tuning mechanism.
Project description:The Anopheles mosquito is one of thousands of species in which sex differences play a central role in their biology, as only females need a blood meal in order to produce eggs. Sex differentiation is regulated by sex chromosomes, but their presence creates a dosage imbalance between males (XY) and females (XX). Dosage compensation (DC) can re-equilibrate the expression of sex-chromosomal genes, but because DC mechanisms have only been fully characterized in a few model organisms, key questions about its evolutionary diversity and functional necessity remain unresolved. Here we report the discovery of a previously uncharacterized gene (SOA) as a master regulator of DC in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Sex-specific alternative splicing prevents functional SOA protein expression in females. The male isoform encodes a DNA-binding protein that binds the promoters of active X chromosomal genes. Expressing male SOA is sufficient to induce DC in female cells. Male mosquitoes lacking SOA or female mosquitos ectopically expressing the male isoform exhibit X chromosome misregulation, which is compatible with viability but causes developmental delay. Thus, our molecular analysis of the first DC master regulator in a non-model organism elucidates the evolutionary steps leading to the establishment of a chromosome-specific fine-tuning mechanism.
Project description:We sequenced cell-free nucleaic acid (cfNA) for 2 major cancer types (44 samples of colorectal cancer and 36 samples of stomach cancer) and 81 samples of healthy individuals collected in China. Cancer related signaling pathway were identified. Cancer detection and specific classification were achieved through combining both cfRNA and cfDNA reads.
Project description:We sequenced cell-free nucleaic acid (cfNA) for 2 major cancer types (44 samples of colorectal cancer and 36 samples of stomach cancer) and 81 samples of healthy individuals collected in China. Cancer related signaling pathway were identified. Cancer detection and specific classification were achieved through combining both cfRNA and cfDNA reads.