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Formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells in retinas depleted of microglia

ABSTRACT: Formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells in retinas depleted of microglia

PROVIDER: PRJNA1014752 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells in retinas depleted of microglia

Project description:Recent studies have demonstrated the complex coordination of pro-inflammatory signaling and reactive microglia/macrophage on the formation Müller glial-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) intheretinas offish, birds and mice.We generated scRNA-seq libraries to identify transcriptional changes in Müller glia (MG) that result from the depletion of microglia from the chick retina. We found significant changes in different networks of genes in MG in normal and damaged retinas when the microglia are ablated. We identified a failure of MG to upregulate Wnt-ligands, Heparin binding epidermal growth factor (HBEGF), Fibroblast growth factor (FGF), retinoic acid receptors and genes related to Notch-signaling. Inhibition of GSK3β, to simulate Wnt-signaling, failed to rescue the deficit in formation of proliferating MGPCs in damaged retinas missing microglia. By comparison, application of HBEGF or FGF2 completely rescued the formation of proliferating MGPCs in microglia-depleted retinas. Similarly, injection of a small molecule inhibitor to Smad3 or agonist to retinoic acid receptors partially rescued the formation of proliferating MGPCs in microglia-depleted damaged retinas. According to scRNA-seq libraries, patterns of expression of ligands, receptors, signal transducers and/or processing enzymes to cell-signaling via HBEGF, FGF, retinoic acid and TGFβ are rapidly and transiently upregulated by MG after neuronal damage, consistent with important roles for these cell-signaling pathways in regulating the formation of MGPCs. We conclude that quiescent and activated microglia have a significant impact upon the transcriptomic profile of MG. We conclude that signals produced by reactive microglia in damaged retinas stimulate MG to upregulate cell signaling through HBEGF, FGF and retinoic acid, and downregulate signaling through TGFβ/Smad3 to promote the reprogramming on MG into proliferating MGPCs.

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Expression profiling of Ascl1-reprogrammed P12 Müller glia compared with freshly dissociated progenitors and Müller glia

Project description:Non-mammalian vertebrates have a robust ability to regenerate injured retinal neurons from Müller glia cells (MG) that activate the proneural factor Achaete-scute homolog 1 (Ascl1/Mash1) and de-differentiate into progenitors cells. In contrast, mammalian MG have a limited regenerative response and fail to upregulate Ascl1 after injury. To test whether Ascl1 could restore a neurogenic potential to mammalian MG, we over-expressed Ascl1 in dissociated mouse MG cultures and intact retinal explants. Ascl1-infected MG upregulate retinal progenitor-specific genes, while downregulating glial genes. Furthermore, Ascl1 remodeled the chromatin at its targets from a repressive to active configuration. MG-derived progenitors differentiated into cells that exhibited neuronal morphologies, expressed retinal subtype-specific neuronal markers, and displayed neuron-like physiological responses. These results indicate that a single transcription factor, Ascl1, can produce a neurogenic state in mature Muller glia. Expresssion profiling was used to determine the genes that were changed after Ascl1 infection of P12 cultured Müller glia compared with those present in P0 progenitors and P7-P21 Müller glia Retinas were dissociated and FAC-sorted from Hes5-GFP mice at P0, P7, P10, P14 or P21 and submitted for profiling. WT Retinas were dissociated at P12, grown for 1 week in culture, and infected with lentiviruses expressing Ascl1 or GFP for four days. Total RNA was extracted and submitted for profiling.

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Gene expression profiling of developing murine Müller glia

Project description:To study molecular changes during differentiation of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) into Müller glia, we isolated Notch1+ cells (Notch1 is a marker of RPCs) from postnatal-day (P) 0, 3, 7, and 14 retinas,as well as Glast + cells (Glast/Slc1a3 is a marker of Müller glia precursors and Müller glia in the retina) from P7, P14, P21, and P28 retinas. We studied gene expression in these cells using MEEBO microarrays.

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Transcriptome and DNA methylome of mouse Müller glia

Project description:Müller cells are the primary glia of the neural retina and play crucial roles in maintaining the structural and functional homeostasis of the retina. Müller cells also possess certain levels of retinal regeneration capacity, especially in lower vertebrates. In this study, we deep sequenced the transcriptomes and methylomes of mouse Müller cells and early retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), as well as Müller cells from injured retinas and aged retinas, which will help to reveal molecular mechanisms governing Müller cells development, physiological functions and regeneration activities.

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A comparative analysis of reactive Müller glia gene expression after light damage and microRNA-depleted Müller glia – focus on microRNAs [NanoString]

Project description:In order to identify the miRNAs in adult light damaged Muller glia of the the neural retina, we isolated the Müller glia from Rlbp-CreER: Stopf/f-tdTomato by means of fluorescent activated cell sorting and analyzed their miRNAs using NanoStrings Technologies®. We compared the data to that from and Dicer1-CKO Müller glia and wild type glia Müller glia (GSE103098). We found three miRNAs potentially regulating genes involved in stress response in both data sets.

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A comparative analysis of reactive Müller glia gene expression after light damage and microRNA-depleted Müller glia – focus on microRNAs

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A comparative analysis of reactive Müller glia gene expression after light damage and microRNA-depleted Müller glia – focus on microRNAs [Affymetrix]

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Project description:A comparative analysis of reactive Müller glia gene expression after light damage and microRNA-depleted Müller glia – focus on microRNAs [NanoString]

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A comparative analysis of reactive Müller glia gene expression after light damage and microRNA-depleted Müller glia – focus on microRNAs [Affymetrix]

Project description:In order to identify the mRNAs in adult light damaged Muller glia of the the neural retina, Müller glia from Hes-5 GFP reporter mice that were crossed with Swiss Webster mice were isolated by means of fluorescent activated cell sorting and analyzed their mRNAs using the Mouse Gene 1.0 ST microarray (Affymetrix). Differentially expressed genes were analyzed and compared to the genes found upregulated in the Dicer-cKO mouse (Wohl at el., 2017). miRNA:mRNA target tools were used to find potential miRNA targets of Muller glia miRNAs.

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Expression profiling of Ascl1-reprogrammed P12 Müller glia compared with freshly dissociated progenitors and Müller glia

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