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The impact of Srebf2 deletion on the transcriptional phenotype of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) regulatory T (Treg) cells

ABSTRACT: The impact of Srebf2 deletion on the transcriptional phenotype of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) regulatory T (Treg) cells

PROVIDER: PRJNA1015733 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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The impact of Srebf2 deletion on the transcriptional phenotype of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) regulatory T (Treg) cells

Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells are highly enriched in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) to maintain metabolic homeostasis, but they are lost during obesity. VAT Treg cells exhibit enhanced Srebf2-dependent cholesterol metabolism compared lymphoid tissue Tregs at steady state, but this metabolic pathway is disrupted during obesity. Therefore, the goal of this study is to determine the impact of Treg-specific Srebf2 deletion on the transcriptional phenotype of bulk Foxp3+ VAT or splenic Tregs.

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Obesity disrupts cellular cholesterol homeostasis to inhibit the homeostatic clonal expansion of ST2hi VAT Treg cells

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Transcriptional characterization of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mesenchymal stromal cell (mSC) subtypes in male and female C57BL/6 mice.

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Project description:Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play diverse roles in tissue homeostasis. In visceral adipose tissue (VAT), resident Tregs, enriched with PPARγ, are clonally expanded in a IL-33 dependent manner. However, the tissue-specific functions of VAT Tregs, with unique transcriptome compared to spleen or other peripheral tissues, remain largely unknown. We identified two PPARγ+ mesenchymal stromal cells in VAT (VmSCs), named VmSC4s (PPARγ+Thy1-) and 5s (PPARγ+Thy1+). Lineage-tracing and transcriptome analysis revealled that VmSC4s contain precursors for VmSC5s. We also demonstrated that VAT Tregs directly suppress adipogenic differentation of VmSC5s through Oncostain M (OSM) to promote insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Thus, VAT-Treg-derived OSM and VmSCs-displayed OSMR maintain tissue homeostasis via limiting the differentiation of dysfunctional adipocytes, which provide therapeutic targets for treating obesity and diabetes.

2023-08-01 | GSE226889 | GEO

Inflammation-dependent differentiation of two distinct regulatory T cell populations in the visceral adipose tissue shapes systemic metabolism [RNA-seq I]

Project description:Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is an endocrine organ critical for energy storage and metabolic homeostasis. Its function, at least in part, is controlled by immune cells, including Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells, which restrain VAT inflammation and glucose intolerance. Here we uncover that the VAT harbours two distinct Treg cell populations, prototypical ST2+ Treg cells, that are enriched in males and depend on the cytokine IL-33 and the transcription factor PPAR and a previously uncharacterized population of VAT Treg cells that express the chemokine receptor CXCR3+, are enriched in females and depend on the transcription factor T-bet. We further show that the transcription factor GATA3 promoted differentiation of ST2+ VAT Treg cells and together with PPAR and IL-33 repressed the differentiation of CXCR3+ Treg cells. CXCR3+ VAT Treg cells developed from naïve Treg cells in a cytokine IFN- dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrate that ST2+ Treg cells promoted glucose tolerance, while CXCR3+ Treg cells limited VAT inflammation in a sex specific manner. This study for the first time establishes how inflammation determines the developmental trajectories of two functionally and molecularly distinct Treg cell types in the VAT.

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