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Protein-truncating variants in BSN are associated with severe adult-onset obesity, type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease

ABSTRACT: Protein-truncating variants in BSN are associated with severe adult-onset obesity, type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease

PROVIDER: PRJNA1016381 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR26053754_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26053754_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26053755_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26053755_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26053756_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Protein-truncating variants in BSN are associated with severe adult-onset obesity, type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease

Project description:Obesity is a major risk factor for many common diseases and has a significant heritable component. While clinical and large-scale population studies have identified several genes harbouring rare alleles with large effects on obesity risk, there are likely many unknown genes with highly penetrant effects remaining. To this end, we performed whole exome-sequence analyses for adult body mass index (BMI) in up to 587,027 individuals. We identified rare, loss of function variants in two genes – BSN and APBA1 – with effects on BMI substantially larger than well-established obesity genes such as MC4R. One in ~6500 individuals carry a heterozygous protein truncating variant (PTV) in BSN, which confers a 6.6, 3.7 and 3-fold higher risk of severe obesity (BMI >40kg/m2), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes, respectively. Rare PTVs in BSN were found in three patients with severe early onset obesity, but in contrast to most other obesity-related genes, rare variants in BSN and APBA1 were not associated with normal variation in childhood adiposity. Furthermore, BSN PTVs magnified the influence of common genetic variants associated with BMI, with a common polygenic score exhibiting an effect on BMI twice as large in BSN PTV carriers than non-carriers. Finally, we explored the plasma proteomic signatures of BSN PTV carriers as well as the functional consequences of BSN deletion in human iPSC-derived hypothalamic neurons. These approaches highlighted a network of differentially expressed genes that were collectively enriched for genomic regions associated with BMI, and suggest emerging roles for neurodevelopment, neurogenesis, and altered neuronal oxidative phosphorylation in the etiology of obesity.

2024-01-29 | GSE243112 | GEO

Protein-truncating variants in BSN are associated with severe adult-onset obesity, type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease.

Project description:Obesity is a major risk factor for many common diseases and has a substantial heritable component. To identify new genetic determinants, we performed exome-sequence analyses for adult body mass index (BMI) in up to 587,027 individuals. We identified rare loss-of-function variants in two genes (BSN and APBA1) with effects substantially larger than those of well-established obesity genes such as MC4R. In contrast to most other obesity-related genes, rare variants in BSN and APBA1 were not associated with normal variation in childhood adiposity. Furthermore, BSN protein-truncating variants (PTVs) magnified the influence of common genetic variants associated with BMI, with a common variant polygenic score exhibiting an effect twice as large in BSN PTV carriers than in noncarriers. Finally, we explored the plasma proteomic signatures of BSN PTV carriers as well as the functional consequences of BSN deletion in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hypothalamic neurons. Collectively, our findings implicate degenerative processes in synaptic function in the etiology of adult-onset obesity.

| S-EPMC11018524 | biostudies-literature

SNP array in severe early-onset obesity

Project description:Obesity is considered a multifactorial disorder with high heritability (50-75%), probably higher in early-onset and severe cases. Although rare monogenic forms and several genes and regions of susceptibility, including CNVs, have been defined, the genetic causes underlying the disease still remain largely unknown. We aimed to identify novel genetic and genomic abnormalities in a cohort of Spanish children with severe non-syndromic early-onset obesity (EOO). We obtained molecular karyotypes of 157 children with EOO. Large and rare CNVs were validated and segregated in the family. A higher burden of duplication-type CNVs was detected in EOO patients versus controls (OR=1.85, p-value=0.008).

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Two pathogenic germline truncating variants of BRCA2 confer different haploinsufficiency phenotypes

Project description:Inactivating germline monoallelic mutations in the tumor suppressor BRCA2 predispose to breast and ovarian cancer. BRCA2 is essential in DNA repair via homologous recombination (HR). Tumorigenesis in this setting is thought to require the inactivation of the second allele; however, this event is not always observed suggesting haploinsufficiency. We investigated this question recreating two BRCA2 pathogenic truncating variants in heterozygosis in breast epithelial cells. One prompted sensitivity to PARP inhibitors (PARPi) and reduced HR capacity unlike the other. The other resulted in transcriptomic and epigenetic changes including histone H4 acetylation levels and NF-kB activation that we link to PCAF acetyl transferase. These changes impacted on cell migration and proliferation in 2D and 3D, processes that were also deregulated in tumors. Our work demonstrates that distinct truncating variants of BRCA2 are not phenotypically equivalent. It also identifies PCAF as shaping BRCA2-related gene expression. These findings may have implications in cancer prevention.

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Project description:OBJECTIVE: Novel biomarkers of disease progression after type 1 diabetes onset are needed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We profiled peripheral blood (PB) monocyte gene expression in 6 healthy subjects and 16 children with type 1 diabetes diagnosed ~3 months previously, and analyzed clinical features from diagnosis to 1 year. RESULTS: Monocyte expression profiles clustered into two distinct subgroups, representing mild and severe deviation from healthy controls, along the same continuum. Patients with strongly divergent monocyte gene expression had significantly higher insulin dose-adjusted HbA1c levels during the first year, compared to patients with mild deviation. The diabetes-associated expression signature identified multiple perturbations in pathways controlling cellular metabolism and survival, including endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress (e.g. induction of HIF1A, DDIT3, DDIT4 and GRP78). qPCR quantitation of a 9-gene panel correlated with glycaemic control in 12 additional recent-onset patients. The qPCR signature was also detected in PB from healthy first-degree relatives. CONCLUSIONS: A PB gene expression signature correlates with glycaemic control in the first year after diabetes diagnosis, and is present in at-risk subjects. These findings implicate monocyte phenotype as a candidate biomarker for disease progression pre- and post-onset, and systemic stresses as contributors to innate immune function in type 1 diabetes. CD14+ monocytes from a total of 16 children with recent-onset type 1 diabetes and 6 adult healthy controls were profiled in 2 independent microarrays.

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Human Germline Heterozygous Gain-of-Function STAT6 Variants Cause Severe Allergic Disease

Project description:We descrie a cohort of 10 families, with 16 patients, that presented with severe early onset allergic disease since birth. Disease inhertance was in an autosomal dominant manner and heterozygous variants in STAT6 were identified in all patients. Whole blood bulk RNAsequencing was done on patient 6 to understand treatment specific transcriptomic changes in this patient.

2023-02-20 | GSE222646 | GEO

Human Germline Heterozygous Gain-of-Function STAT6 Variants Cause Severe Allergic Disease [scRNAseq]

2023-02-20 | GSE215405 | GEO

Human Germline Heterozygous Gain-of-Function STAT6 Variants Cause Severe Allergic Disease [bulk_RNAseq]

2023-02-20 | GSE215390 | GEO

Childhood-onset progressive dystonia associated with pathogenic truncating variants in CHD8.

Project description:Originally described as a risk factor for autism, CHD8 loss-of-function variants have recently been associated with a wider spectrum of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. We further expand the CHD8-related phenotype with the description of two unrelated patients who presented with childhood-onset progressive dystonia. Whole-exome sequencing conducted in two independent laboratories revealed a CHD8 nonsense variant in one patient and a frameshift variant in the second. The patients had strongly overlapping phenotypes characterized by generalized dystonia with mild-to-moderate neurodevelopmental comorbidity. Deep brain stimulation led to clinical improvement in both cases. We suggest that CHD8 should be added to the growing list of neurodevelopmental disorder-associated genes whose mutations can also result in dystonia-dominant phenotypes.

| S-EPMC8528468 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptome analysis of patient derived induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes with severe, early onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to biallelic MYBPC3 variants c.442G>A and c.506-1G>A

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2024-08-11 | GSE274124 | GEO

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