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AtMAN6 coordinates cell growth and secondary cell wall formation in xylem development

ABSTRACT: AtMAN6 coordinates cell growth and secondary cell wall formation in xylem development

PROVIDER: PRJNA1020170 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR26151484_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26151484_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26151485_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26151485_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26151486_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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AtMAN6 coordinates cell growth and secondary cell wall formation in xylem development

Project description:We observed that the Arabidopsis endo-1,4-mannanase gene AtMAN6 is involved in the formation of cell walls in vascular tissues. In the inflorescence stem, the man6 mutant had smaller vessel cells with thicker secondary cell walls and shorter fiber cells. Elongation growth was reduced in the root, and secondary cell wall deposition in vessel cells occurred early. Overexpression of AtMAN6 resulted in the inverse phenotypes of the man6 mutant. AtMAN6 was discovered on the plasma membrane and was specifically expressed in vessel cells during its early development. The AtMAN6 protein degraded galactoglucomannan to produce oligosaccharides, which caused secondary cell wall deposition in vessel and fiber cells to be delayed. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of genes involved in the secondary cell wall synthesis pathway was changed in both man6 mutant and AtMAN6 overexpression plants. AtMAN6's carboxyl-terminal cysteine repeats motif (CCRM) was found to facilitate homodimerization and is required for its activity. According to the findings, the oligosaccharides produced by AtMAN6 hydrolysis may act as a signal to mediate this coordination between cell expansion and SCW deposition.

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Transcription profiling of Arabidopsis short day grown hypocotyls to identify genes involved in secondary cell wall development

Project description:Arabidopsis, when grown under short day conditions (16 hours dark, 8 hours light, 22oC) develop extensive secondary thickened hypocotyls with both a vascular and cork cambium (Chaffey et al, 2002, Phys. Plant., 114:594-600). It has been found that once secondary xylem development is completed within the Arabidopsis hypocotyls, it closely resembles the structure of the wood of angiosperm trees (Chaffey et al, 2002, Phys. Plant., 114:594-600). We can utilise this model Arabidopsis tree to identify genes that are important for secondary cell wall formation in xylem cells and therefore important for wood development. Columbia plants were grown for 3 months under short day conditions and secondary thickened hypocotyls were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. RNA was isolated from these hypocotyls and submitted to NASC for probing against the ATH1-121501 full GeneChip. Experiment Overall Design: 2 samples

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Identification of genes involved in secondary cell wall development in the hypocotyls of short day grown Arabidopsis

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Transcription profiling of Arabidopsis wild type, MYB46 over-expressing, MYB83 over-expressing and myb46/myb83 double mutants to investigate the regulation mechanism of secondary cell wall synthesis during xylem vessel differentiation

Project description:To investigate the regulation mechanism of secondary cell wall synthesis during xylem vessel differentiation, we analyzed the function of two Arabidopsis MYB transcription factors, MYB46 and MYB83. Microarray analysis was performed for 11-day old seedlings of wild-type, MYB46 over-expressor, MYB83 over-expressor, and myb46 myb83 double mutant using Affymetrix ATH-1 Genome Array. Gene expressions in MYB46 over-expressor, MYB83 over-expressor, and myb46 myb83 double mutant were compared to those in wild-type.

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Transcriptome analysis of secondary cell wall development in Medicago truncatula

Project description:Global transcriptional profiling has been successfully used to identify genes and regulatory pathways in secondary cell wall thickening. A systematic microarray assay of secondary cell wall development along stem maturation in Medicago truncatula was conducted to identify genes and pathways that are involved in lignin/cellulose biosynthesis of secondary wall development.

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The Populus Homeobox Gene ARBORKNOX2 Regulates Secondary Growth in trees

Project description:Currently little is known about the genetic mechanisms regulating the vascular cambium or the secondary growth of stems. We show here that the Populus Class I KNOX homeobox gene ARBORKNOX2 (ARK2) regulates both cell division in the cambium region and the differentiation of daughter cells in secondary xylem and phloem. ARK2 is expressed in the shoot apical meristem, and the vascular cambium region, reflecting some overlap in the regulation of these meristems. ARK2 is expressed broadly in the cambium region and in differentiating lignified cells types before becoming progressively restricted to the cambium. Populus overexpressing ARK2 present stem phenotypes with precocious cambium formation, delayed differentiation of cambium daughter cells, a wider cambium region, and ultimately less phloem fibers and secondary xylem. In contrast, Populus expressing RNAi or amicroRNA that target ARK2 transcripts present precocious differentiation of secondary phloem fibers and xylem, and ultimately more secondary xylem tissue and thicker secondary cell walls in phloem fibers and secondary xylem cells. These phenotypes in turn correlate with changes in the expression of genes affecting cell division, auxin, and cell wall synthesis and lignification that indicate that ARK2 primarily affects woody tissue development by regulation of cell differentiation. Notably, wood properties associated with secondary cell wall synthesis are negatively associated with ARK2 expression, including lignin and cellulose content. Together, our results suggest that ARK2 functions primarily by negatively regulating cell differentiation during secondary growth. We propose that ARK2 may identify a co-evolved regulatory module that influences complex wood properties relevant to ecological, industrial, and biofuels applications.

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Histone H3K4 methyltransferase ATX1 positively regulates secondary wall biosynthesis in interfascicular fibers in Arabidopsis

Project description:Secondary wall thickening in the sclerenchyma cells is strictly controlled by a complex network of transcription factors in vascular plant. However, little is known about the epigenetic mechanism regulating secondary cell wall biosynthesis. Genome-wide analysis revealed that the up-regulation of genes involved in secondary wall formation during stem development is largely coordinated by increasing level of H3K4 tri-methylation. In this study, we identified that ARABIDOPSIS HOMOLOG of TRITHORAX1 (ATX1), a H3K4-histone methyltransferase, positively regulates secondary wall deposition mainly through activating the expression of secondary wall NAC master switch genes, SECONDARY WALL-ASSOCIATED NAC DOMAIN PROTEIN1 (SND1) and NAC SECONDARY WALL THICKENING PROMOTING FACTOR1 (NST1).

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Transcriptomic changes during cell wall biogenesis and modifications during xylogenesis in stems and pioneer roots of Populus trichocarpa

Project description:We studied the changes that occur in gene transcription and the biosynthesis of cell-wall-related compounds during xylogenesis in Populus trichocarpa pioneer roots and stems. Transcriptional profiling was conducted with the use of microarrays to identify genes involved in xylem formation. Pioneer roots were examined in segments corresponding to their developmental stage: apical meristem (PR1), primary development (PR2), and secondary development (PR3). Comparative segments were used to analyze xylogenesis in stems: apical meristem with primary development (PS1), secondary development (PS2), and isolated secondary xylem (PS3). Results indicated that only approximately 10% of the genes that were identified to be differentially expressed during xylogenesis were common to both pioneer roots and stems. Despite the dissimilarity in gene expression, however, many fundamental mechanisms were similar, e.g. the pattern of expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall proteins, polysaccharides and lignins. While hemicellulose degradation was typical for stems, possibly due to the intensive level of cell wall lignification. Our study is the first to conduct a comprehensive analysis, at the structural and molecular level, of xylogenesis, and clearly reveals the great complexity of molecular mechanisms underlying cell wall formation and modification during xylogenesis.

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AtC3H14, a direct target of MYB46, suppress cell elongation and involved in the secondary wall formation.

Project description:Recently, AtC3H14, a CCCH-type zinc finger protein, was identified as one of the direct targets of MYB46, which is known as a master regulator of secondary wall biosynthesis. AtC3H14 and their homologs (i.e., AtC3H15 and PtrC3H14-1 from Arabidopsis and poplar, respectively) are predominantly expressed in the secondary wall forming tissues. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AtC3H14 (i.e., 35S::AtC3H14 plants) produced dwarfing phenotypes. 35S::AtC3H14 plants developed phloem fibers earlier than wild-type and this phenotype was more pronounced in the roots. Interestingly, ectopic secondary wall thickenings were found in both stems and roots. These phenotypic consequences are successively reproduced from the 35S::AtC3H15 and 35S::PtrC3H14-1 plants. Whole transcriptome GeneChip analysis identified that the ‘cell wall’ and ‘extracellular’-related genes are extremely over-represented in the stem tissues of 35S::AtC3H14 plants. These results suggest that AtC3H14 may act as a negative regulator of cell elongation with modification of cell wall reassembly and be involved in the secondary wall formation in Arabidopsis.

2014-12-05 | GSE23801 | GEO

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