Massively parallel reporter assays investigate shared genetic variants of eight psychiatric disorders
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1020890 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:A meta-genome-wide association study encompassing eight psychiatric disorders has shed light on the genetic architecture of pleiotropy. However, mechanisms underlying pleiotropic effects of these variants remain to be investigated. We conducted a massively parallel reporter assay to decipher the regulatory logic of variants with disease-specific and pleiotropic effects. Pleiotropic variants differ from disease-specific variants by manifesting chromatin accessibility that extends across diverse cell types in the neuronal lineage, and altering motifs for transcription factors with higher connectivity in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. Next, we mapped pleiotropic and disease-specific variants to putative target genes, which may offer insights into potential mechanisms of pleiotropy. Compared with disease-specific genes, pleiotropic genes demonstrate associations with generic biological pathways, widespread temporal dynamics during neuronal lineage, and higher connectivity in PPI networks. Collectively, variants exert pleiotropic effects by regulating genes involved in global biological functions.
2025-01-29 | GSE244011 | GEO
Project description:A meta-genome-wide association study across eight psychiatric disorders has highlighted the genetic architecture of pleiotropy in major psychiatric disorders. However, mechanisms underlying pleiotropic effects of the associated variants remain to be explored. We conducted a massively parallel reporter assay to decode the regulatory logic of variants with pleiotropic and disorder-specific effects. Pleiotropic variants differ from disorder-specific variants by exhibiting chromatin accessibility that extends across diverse cell types in the neuronal lineage and by altering motifs for transcription factors with higher connectivity in protein-protein interaction networks. We mapped pleiotropic and disorder-specific variants to putative target genes using functional genomics approaches. In vitro CRISPR perturbation of selected variants confirmed the variant-gene relationships, and in vivo CRISPR perturbation of a pleiotropic and a disorder-specific gene suggests that pleiotropy may involve regulation of genes expressed broadly across neuronal cell types and with higher network connectivity.
2024-12-31 | GSE282731 | GEO
Project description:A meta-genome-wide association study across eight psychiatric disorders has shed light on the genetic architecture of pleiotropy in major psychiatric disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying pleiotropic effects of the associated variants remain to be investigated. We conducted a massively parallel reporter assay to decipher the regulatory logic of variants with disorder-specific and pleiotropic effects. We found that pleiotropic variants differ from disorder-specific variants by manifesting chromatin accessibility that extends across diverse cell types in the neuronal lineage, as well as by altering motifs for transcription factors with higher connectivity in protein-protein interaction networks. Next, we mapped pleiotropic and disorder-specific variants to putative target genes using functional genomics approaches. CRISPR-mediated validation confirmed the functional impact of selected variants on predicted target genes. Furthermore, in vivo CRISPR perturbation of a pleiotropic and a disease-specific gene suggests that pleiotropy is mediated by the regulation of genes expressed in a broader range of neuronal types and with higher network connectivity.
2025-01-16 | GSE276947 | GEO
Project description:Massively parallel reporter assay investigates shared genetic variants of eight psychiatric disorders
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Project description:Massively parallel reporter assay investigates shared genetic variants of eight psychiatric disorders
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Project description:To functionaly test thousands of promoter based Autism associated de novo variants, we established neural progenitor cells from human embryonic stem cells and performed massively parallel reporter assays to collect transcription rates associated with reference and alternate allele sequences
2023-05-24 | GSE216129 | GEO
Project description:Neuropsychiatric phenotypes have long been known to be influenced by heritable risk factors, directly confirmed by the past decade of genetic studies that have revealed specific genetic variants enriched in disease cohorts. However, the initial hope that a small set of genes would be responsible for a given disorder proved false. The more complex reality is that a given disorder may be influenced by myriad small-effect noncoding variants and/or by rare but severe coding variants, many de novo. Noncoding genomic sequences-for which molecular functions cannot usually be inferred-harbor a large portion of these variants, creating a substantial barrier to understanding higher-order molecular and biological systems of disease. Fortunately, novel genetic technologies-scalable oligonucleotide synthesis, RNA sequencing, and CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-have opened novel avenues to experimentally identify biologically significant variants en masse. Massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs) are an especially versatile technique resulting from such innovations. MPRAs are powerful molecular genetics tools that can be used to screen thousands of untranscribed or untranslated sequences and their variants for functional effects in a single experiment. This approach, though underutilized in psychiatric genetics, has several useful features for the field. We review methods for assaying putatively functional genetic variants and regions, emphasizing MPRAs and the opportunities they hold for dissection of psychiatric polygenicity. We discuss literature applying functional assays in neurogenetics, highlighting strengths, caveats, and design considerations-especially regarding disease-relevant variables (cell type, neurodevelopment, and sex), and we ultimately propose applications of MPRA to both computational and experimental neurogenetics of polygenic disease risk.
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Project description:Transcriptional-Regulatory Convergence Across Functional MDD Risk Variants Identified by Massively Parallel Reporter Assays
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Project description:Using Massively Parallel Reporter Assays (MPRAs), we functionally screened over 1,000 SNPs, prioritized from 39 neuropsychiatric trait/disease GWAS loci based on overlap with predicted regulatory features—including expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and histone marks—from human brains and cell cultures. Using mouse neuroblastoma Neuro2a (N2a) cells, we identify over 100 SNPs with allelic effects on expression. Functional SNPs were enriched for binding sequences of retinoic acid-receptive transcription factors (TFs); with additional allelic differences unmasked in cells treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Motifs overrepresented at functional SNPs corresponded to a set of TFs highly specific to serotonergic neurons and collectively downregulated in schizophrenia. Our application of MPRAs to screen MDD-associated SNPs suggested a shared transcriptional regulatory program across loci, a subset of which are unmasked by retinoids. Additional code and results corresponding to this GEO submission can be found at https://bitbucket.org/jdlabteam/n2a_atra_mdd_mpra_paper/src
2021-06-30 | GSE167517 | GEO
Project description:We designed and assayed synthetic regulatory elements varying c-amp response element number, affinity, distance to the promoter, spacing between multiple CREs, and surrounding sequence content. Using 5 massively-parallel reporter assays, we measured the expression of 17,406 unique sequences when placed upstream of a minimal promoter using next-generation sequencing of barcodes associated with synthesized elements. We then determine how the varied c-amp response element architectures influence expression when these variants are assayed in an episomal and genomic context across a range of forskolin concentrations, an inducer of c-amp response element activity. Included here are all sequences designed and analyzed in the assay. Assay results from certain library designs were not insightful and not included in the main text but are additionally included here in the barcode-mapping and MPRA sequencing datasets.
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