Project description:To exploite S. sclerotiorum to identify differential fungal responses leading to either an endophytic or a pathogenic lifestyle during colonization of both asymptomatic host and symptomatic host We then performed gene expression profiling analysis using data obtained from RNA-seq of 9 different samples after 2 days.
Project description:Conidial germination marks the beginning of the fungal life cycle, and understanding the genes associated with conidial germination provides insights into fungal pathogenicity and host interactions. Here, we use comparative transcriptomics to demonstrate the transcriptional similarities and differences during conidial germination and initial colony establishment in a plant pathogenic and an endophytic fungus, Fusarium graminearum and M. anisopliae, respectively. We compared the transcriptomes of F. graminearum and M. anisopliae across four stages of conidial germination: fresh conidia, polar growth, hyphal extension, and either first hyphal branching (on medium) or appressorium formation (on barley). F. graminearum exhibited a higher upregulation of CAZyme, specialized metabolite and effector genes compared to M. anisopliae during interaction with the host, particularly in the appressorium stage, reflecting its pathogenic nature. The appressorium structures formed when M. anisopliae conidia germinated on the host. The transcriptome analysis revealed that the fungus produced reduced transcript levels of CAZyme and specialized metabolite genes reflecting a less aggressive host penetration approach. The candidate genes associated with IAA synthesis were upregulated in M. anisopliae during the appressorium stage, supporting its endophytic lifestyle and suggests that the fungus uses a phytohormone based strategy to interact with plant hosts. Collectively, our findings expand the transcriptome resources and provide valuable insights into the gene networks involved in conidial germination and initiation of infection in pathogenic versus endophytic fungus.
Project description:Conidial germination marks the beginning of the fungal life cycle, and understanding the genes associated with conidial germination provides insights into fungal pathogenicity and host interactions. Here, we use comparative transcriptomics to demonstrate the transcriptional similarities and differences during conidial germination and initial colony establishment in a plant pathogenic and an endophytic fungus, Fusarium graminearum and M. anisopliae, respectively. We compared the transcriptomes of F. graminearum and M. anisopliae across four stages of conidial germination: fresh conidia, polar growth, hyphal extension, and either first hyphal branching (on medium) or appressorium formation (on barley). F. graminearum exhibited a higher upregulation of CAZyme, specialized metabolite and effector genes compared to M. anisopliae during interaction with the host, particularly in the appressorium stage, reflecting its pathogenic nature. The appressorium structures formed when M. anisopliae conidia germinated on the host. The transcriptome analysis revealed that the fungus produced reduced transcript levels of CAZyme and specialized metabolite genes reflecting a less aggressive host penetration approach. The candidate genes associated with IAA synthesis were upregulated in M. anisopliae during the appressorium stage, supporting its endophytic lifestyle and suggests that the fungus uses a phytohormone based strategy to interact with plant hosts. Collectively, our findings expand the transcriptome resources and provide valuable insights into the gene networks involved in conidial germination and initiation of infection in pathogenic versus endophytic fungus.
Project description:High ambient temperature regulated the plant systemic response to the beneficial endophytic fungus Serendipita indica. Most plants in nature establish symbiotic associations with endophytic fungi in soil. Beneficial endophytic fungi induce a systemic response in the aboveground parts of the host plant, thus promoting the growth and fitness of host plants. Meanwhile, temperature elevation from climate change widely affects global plant biodiversity as well as crop quality and yield. Over the past decades, great progresses have been made in the response of plants to high ambient temperature and to symbiosis with endophytic fungi. However, little is known about their synergistic effect on host plants. The endophytic fungus Serendipita indica colonizes the roots of a wide range of plants, including Arabidopsis. Based on the Arabidopsis-S. indica symbiosis experimental system, we analyzed the synergistic effect of high ambient temperature and endophytic fungal symbiosis on host plants. By transcriptome analysis, we found that DNA replication-related genes were significantly upregulated during the systemic response of Arabidopsis aboveground parts to S. indica colonization. Plant hormones, such as jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET), play important roles in plant growth and systemic responses. We found that high ambient temperature repressed the JA and ET signaling pathways of Arabidopsis aboveground parts during the systemic response to S. indica colonization in roots. Meanwhile, PIF4 is the central hub transcription factor controlling plant thermosensory growth under high ambient temperature in Arabidopsis. PIF4 is also involving JA and/or ET signaling pathway. We found that PIF4 target genes overlapped with many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the systemic response, and further showed that the growth promotion efficiency of S. indica on the pif4 mutant was higher than that on the wild type plants.
Project description:Fungal entomopathogens like Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) are known as antagonist of insects with multiple functional and ecological roles and have attracted increased attention as biocontrol agents in integrated pest management programs. A microarray analysis was performed to work out fundamental aspects of genes involved in the interaction between grapevine and the endophytic fungus B. bassiana. The results indicate an up-regulation of diverse defense-related genes in grapevine as a response to a treatment with B. bassiana
Project description:The recent release of a large number of genomes from ectomycorrhizal, orchid mycorrhizal and root endophytic fungi have provided deep insight into fungal lifestyle-associated genomic adaptation. Comparative analyses of symbiotic fungal taxa showed that similar outcomes of interactions in distant related root symbioses are examples of convergent evolution. The order Sebacinales represents a sister group to the Agaricomycetes (Basidiomycota) that is comprised of ectomycorrhizal, ericoid-, orchid- mycorrhizal, root endophytic fungi and saprotrophs (Oberwinkler et al., 2013). Sebacinoid taxa are widely distributed from arctic to temperate to tropical ecosystems and are among the most common and species-rich groups of ECM, OM and endophytic fungi (Tedersoo et al., 2012, Tedersoo et al., 2010, Oberwinkler et al., 2013). The root endophyte Piriformospora indica and the orchid mycorrhizal fungus S. vermifera (MAFF 305830) are non-obligate root symbionts which were shown to be able to interact with many different experimental hosts, including the non-mycorrhizal plant Arabidopsis thaliana. These two fungi display similar colonization strategies in barley and in Arabidopsis and the ability to establish beneficial interactions with different hosts (Deshmukh et al., 2006). Colonization of the roots by P. indica and S. vermifera results in enhanced seed germination and biomass production as well as increased resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses in its experimental hosts, including various members of the Brassicaceae family, barley, Nicotiana attenuata and switchgrass (Ghimire, 2011, Ghimire et al., 2009, Ghimire et al., 2011, Waller et al., 2008, Barazani et al., 2007, Deshmukh et al., 2006). Microarray experiments were performed to identify and characterize conserved sebacinoid genes as key determinants in the Sebacinales symbioses.
2015-06-01 | GSE60736 | GEO
Project description:endophytic fungal community of licorices
| PRJNA664554 | ENA
Project description:Endophytic fungal microbiome of wheat