Project description:Ribosome profiling (Ribo-seq) analysis to identify number of ribosome-protected reads from CBC-associated mRNAs or eIF4E-associated mRNAs encoding either a signal sequence or transmembrane domain (TMD)
Project description:Ribosome profiling (Ribo-seq) analysis to identify number of ribosome-protected reads from CBC-associated mRNAs or eIF4E-associated mRNAs encoding either a signal sequence or transmembrane domain (TMD)
Project description:Cotranslational targeting into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by the Signal Recognition Particle (SRP) is a key event determining polypeptide fate in eukaryotic cells. Here, we globally define the principles and mechanisms of SRP binding and ER targeting in vivo. Cotranslational targeting through SRP is the dominant route into the ER for all secretory proteins, regardless of targeting signal characteristics. Cytosolic SRP functions in a pioneer translation round that builds a membrane-resident mRNAs pool, explaining how low SRP levels suffice for the secretory load. SRP does not induce an elongation arrest; consequently, kinetic competition between targeting and translation elongation dictates which substrates are translocated post-translationally. Unexpectedly, SRP binds most secretory ribosomal complexes before targeting signals are synthesized. We show non-coding mRNA elements can promote signal-independent SRP pre-recruitment. Our study defines the complex kinetic interplay between elongation and determinants in the polypeptide and mRNA modulating SRP-substrate selection and membrane targeting in vivo. Ribosome profiling (RiboSeq) and RNA-seq of subcellular fractions of ribosomes. Soluble and membrane bound ribosomes are separated by centrifugation, and SRP-bound ribosomes are immunoprecipitated from the soluble fraction. Polysomes and monosomes are separated by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation.
Project description:Cotranslational targeting into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by the Signal Recognition Particle (SRP) is a key event determining polypeptide fate in eukaryotic cells. Here, we globally define the principles and mechanisms of SRP binding and ER targeting in vivo. Cotranslational targeting through SRP is the dominant route into the ER for all secretory proteins, regardless of targeting signal characteristics. Cytosolic SRP functions in a pioneer translation round that builds a membrane-resident mRNAs pool, explaining how low SRP levels suffice for the secretory load. SRP does not induce an elongation arrest; consequently, kinetic competition between targeting and translation elongation dictates which substrates are translocated post-translationally. Unexpectedly, SRP binds most secretory ribosomal complexes before targeting signals are synthesized. We show non-coding mRNA elements can promote signal-independent SRP pre-recruitment. Our study defines the complex kinetic interplay between elongation and determinants in the polypeptide and mRNA modulating SRP-substrate selection and membrane targeting in vivo.
Project description:Signal recognition particle (SRP) pathway function in secretory/membrane protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is well-established; its role in mRNA localization to the ER in mammalian cells remains largely unexplored. We address this question in SRP receptor (SR) knockout mammalian cell lines. SRPRB KO cells were generated by CRISPR editing. SRPRB KO resulted in profound destabilization of SRα with siRNA silencing of SRPRA in SRPRB KO cells yielding SR KO. Steady-state mRNA composition and ER-enrichments were not disrupted by loss of SR. SR function in the ER localization of newly exported mRNAs was examined by 4-thiouridine (4SU) pulse-chase/4SU-seq and found to be SR-independent. Under conditions of translation initiation inhibition, the ER was the default localization site for newly exported mRNAs. These data demonstrate that mRNA localization to the ER can be uncoupled from SRP pathway function and reopen questions regarding the mechanism of mRNA localization to the ER.
Project description:The signal recognition particle (SRP) enables cotranslational delivery of proteins for translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but its full in vivo role remains incompletely explored. We combined rapid auxin-induced SRP degradation with proximity-specific ribosome profiling to define SRP’s in vivo function in yeast. Despite the classic view that SRP recognizes amino-terminal signal sequences, we show that SRP was generally essential for targeting transmembrane domains regardless of their position relative to the amino-terminus. By contrast, many proteins containing cleavable amino-terminal signal peptides were efficiently cotranslationally targeted in SRP’s absence. We also reveal an unanticipated consequence of SRP loss: Transcripts normally targeted to the ER were mistargeted to mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial defects. These results elucidate SRP’s essential roles in maintaining the efficiency and specificity of protein targeting.