Tmprss2 maintains epithelial barrier integrity and transepithelial sodium transport
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1040298 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Membrane-bound serine proteases are well known regulators of ENaC. More recently, they have also been identified as regulators of tight junction complexes. Here, we demonstrate that within the kidney, the serine protease Tmprss2 is co-expressed with the alpha subunit of ENaC, whereas Furin is primarily expressed in ENaC-negative cortex cells. In mCCDcl1 kidney cells, aldosterone-induced ENaC and Scnn1a-specific overexpression is accompanied by increased Tmprss2 gene expression, whereas Scnn1a silencing does not alter Tmprss2 transcription, suggesting that ENaC depends on Tmprss2 expression. This was confirmed by CRISPR-Cas9 Tmprss2 knockout which significantly downregulates Scnn1a gene and protein expression, and thus ENaC-mediated transepithelial sodium transport. Additionally, RNA sequencing analyses unveiled a drastic downregulation in EpCAM and claudin-3 and -7 gene expression, resulting in reduced protein expression also confirmed by immunocytochemistry. In summary, our data clearly demonstrates that the serine protease Tmprss2 is important in maintaining the epithelial tight junction barrier, in addition to regulating ENaC function via Scnn1a expression.
2024-01-02 | GSE247775 | GEO
Project description:The appropriate regulation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron is required for sodium homeostasis and thereby for the long-term regulation of arterial blood pressure. A unique feature of ENaC is its activation by proteolytic cleavage. However, the relevant proteases involved in proteolytic ENaC activation in the kidney remain elusive. Here, we examined a potential role of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). A mouse cortical collecting duct cell line (mCCDcl1) was used as a model system. We performed RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of mCCDcl1 cells, which confirmed coexpression of Tmprss2 and all three ENaC subunits (Scnn1a, Scnn1b, Scnn1g) in this cell line. Importantly, high baseline expression of TMPRSS2 was detected in these cells without a stimulatory effect of aldosterone on its function or transcription. TMPRSS2 knockout in mCCDcl1 cells compromised γ-ENaC cleavage and reduced baseline and aldosterone-stimulated transepithelial short-circuit currents, which could be rescued by chymotrypsin. A compensatory transcriptional upregulation of other proteases was not observed. From these findings we conclude that TMPRSS2 is likely to contribute to proteolytic ENaC activation in the kidney.
2024-10-30 | GSE274306 | GEO
Project description:Dilated cardiomyopathy is a frequently occurring human disease compromising heart function and a major cause of cardiac death. The causes of cardiomyopathies are often unknown. There is increasing evidence indicating that endothelial cells lining blood vessels control the homeostasis of various organs, but the special properties and functional roles of the vasculature in the adult heart maintain remain little understood. Here, we have used mouse genetics, imaging and cell biology approaches to investigate how vascular homeostasis in the adult heart is controlled by EphB4 and its ligand ephrin-B2, which are known regulators of sprouting angiogenesis, vascular morphogenesis and arteriovenous differentiation during development. We show that inducible and endothelial cell-specific inactivation of the Ephb4 gene in adult mice is compatible with survival, but leads to rupturing of cardiac capillaries, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and pathological cardiac remodelling. In contrast, EphB4 is not required for the integrity and homeostatic function of capillaries in skeletal muscle. Our analysis of mutant mice and cultured endothelial cells shows that EphB4 controls the function of caveolae, cell-cell adhesion under mechanical stress and lipid transport. Together, our findings establish that EphB4 maintains critical functional properties of the adult cardiac vasculature and thereby prevents dilated cardiomyopathy-like defects.
2019-11-20 | PXD012575 | Pride
Project description:TMPRSS2 is an androgen-regulated cell surface serine protease expressed predominantly in prostate epithelium. TMPRSS2 is expressed highly in localized high-grade prostate cancers and in the majority of human prostate cancer metastasis. Through the generation of mouse models with a targeted deletion of Tmprss2, we demonstrate that the activity of this protease regulates cancer cell invasion and metastasis to distant organs. By screening combinatorial peptide libraries we identified a spectrum of TMPRSS2 substrates that include pro-hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). HGF activated by TMPRSS2 promoted c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, and initiated a pro-invasive EMT phenotype. Chemical library screens identified a potent bioavailable TMPRSS2 inhibitor that suppressed prostate cancer metastasis in vivo. Together, these findings provide a mechanistic link between androgen-regulated signaling programs and prostate cancer metastasis that operate via context-dependent interactions with extracellular constituents of the tumor microenvironment. Custom mouse cDNA microarrays were used to measure transcript levels in microdissected anterior prostate tumors from Tmprss2+/+;TRAMP mice, Tmprss2-/-;TRAMP mice or strain-matched benign epithelium. All samples were laser-capture microdissected and total RNA isolated and amplified prior to hybridization against a reference pool of normal adult mouse tissues.
2014-09-09 | E-GEOD-58822 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The appropriate regulation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron is required for sodium homeostasis and thereby for the long-term regulation of arterial blood pressure. A unique feature of ENaC is its activation by proteolytic cleavage. However, the relevant proteases involved in proteolytic ENaC activation in the kidney remain elusive. Here, we examined a potential role of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). A mouse cortical collecting duct cell line (mCCDcl1) was used as a model system. We performed RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of mCCDcl1 cells, which confirmed coexpression of Tmprss2 and all three ENaC subunits (Scnn1a, Scnn1b, Scnn1g) in this cell line. Importantly, high baseline expression of TMPRSS2 was detected in these cells without a stimulatory effect of aldosterone on its function or transcription. TMPRSS2 knockout in mCCDcl1 cells compromised γ-ENaC cleavage and reduced baseline and aldosterone-stimulated transepithelial short-circuit currents, which could be rescued by chymotrypsin. A compensatory transcriptional upregulation of other proteases was not observed. From these findings we conclude that TMPRSS2 is likely to contribute to proteolytic ENaC activation in the kidney.
2024-10-30 | GSE274305 | GEO
Project description:The appropriate regulation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron is required for sodium homeostasis and thereby for the long-term regulation of arterial blood pressure. A unique feature of ENaC is its activation by proteolytic cleavage. However, the relevant proteases involved in proteolytic ENaC activation in the kidney remain elusive. Here, we examined a potential role of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). A mouse cortical collecting duct cell line (mCCDcl1) was used as a model system. We performed RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of mCCDcl1 cells, which confirmed coexpression of Tmprss2 and all three ENaC subunits (Scnn1a, Scnn1b, Scnn1g) in this cell line. Importantly, high baseline expression of TMPRSS2 was detected in these cells without a stimulatory effect of aldosterone on its function or transcription. TMPRSS2 knockout in mCCDcl1 cells compromised γ-ENaC cleavage and reduced baseline and aldosterone-stimulated transepithelial short-circuit currents, which could be rescued by chymotrypsin. A compensatory transcriptional upregulation of other proteases was not observed. From these findings we conclude that TMPRSS2 is likely to contribute to proteolytic ENaC activation in the kidney.
2024-10-30 | GSE274304 | GEO
Project description:Disruption of epithelial barriers is a common disease manifestation in chronic degenerative diseases of the airways, lung, and intestine. Extensive human genetic studies have identified risk loci in such diseases, including in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and inflammatory bowel diseases. The genes associated with these loci have not fully been determined, and functional characterization of such genes requires extensive studies in model organisms. Here, we report the results of a screen in Drosophila melanogaster that allowed for rapid identification, validation, and prioritization of COPD risk genes that were selected based on risk loci identified in human genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Using intestinal barrier dysfunction in flies as a readout, our results validate the impact of candidate gene perturbations on epithelial barrier function in 56% of the cases, resulting in a prioritized target gene list. We further report the functional characterization in flies of one family of these genes, encoding for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAchR) subunits. We find that nAchR signaling in enterocytes of the fly gut promotes epithelial barrier function and epithelial homeostasis by regulating the production of the peritrophic matrix. Our findings identify COPD-associated genes critical for epithelial barrier maintenance, and provide insight into the role of epithelial nAchR signaling for homeostasis.
| S-EPMC10764009 | biostudies-literature
Project description:TMPRSS2 is an androgen-regulated cell surface serine protease expressed predominantly in prostate epithelium. TMPRSS2 is expressed highly in localized high-grade prostate cancers and in the majority of human prostate cancer metastasis. Through the generation of mouse models with a targeted deletion of Tmprss2, we demonstrate that the activity of this protease regulates cancer cell invasion and metastasis to distant organs. By screening combinatorial peptide libraries we identified a spectrum of TMPRSS2 substrates that include pro-hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). HGF activated by TMPRSS2 promoted c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, and initiated a pro-invasive EMT phenotype. Chemical library screens identified a potent bioavailable TMPRSS2 inhibitor that suppressed prostate cancer metastasis in vivo. Together, these findings provide a mechanistic link between androgen-regulated signaling programs and prostate cancer metastasis that operate via context-dependent interactions with extracellular constituents of the tumor microenvironment.
2014-09-09 | GSE58822 | GEO
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Project description:Blood brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is not only a consequence of but also contributes to many neurological disorders, including stroke and Alzheimer's disease. How the basement membrane (BM) contributes to the normal functioning of the BBB remains elusive. Here we use conditional knockout mice and an acute adenovirus-mediated knockdown model to show that lack of astrocytic laminin, a brain-specific BM component, induces BBB breakdown. Using functional blocking antibody and RNAi, we further demonstrate that astrocytic laminin, by binding to integrin ?2 receptor, prevents pericyte differentiation from the BBB-stabilizing resting stage to the BBB-disrupting contractile stage, and thus maintains the integrity of BBB. Additionally, loss of astrocytic laminin decreases aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and tight junction protein expression. Altogether, we report a critical role for astrocytic laminin in BBB regulation and pericyte differentiation. These results indicate that astrocytic laminin maintains the integrity of BBB through, at least in part, regulation of pericyte differentiation.
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