Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1043111 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Morphine and its pharmacological derivatives are the most prescribed analgesics for moderate to severe pain management. However, chronic use of morphine reduces pathogen clearance and induces bacterial translocation across the gut barrier. The enteric microbiome has been shown to play a critical role in the preservation of the mucosal barrier function and metabolic homeostasis. Here, we show for the first time, using bacterial 16s rDNA sequencing, that chronic morphine treatment significantly alters the gut microbial composition and induces preferential expansion of the gram-positive pathogenic and reduction of bile-deconjugating bacterial strains. A significant reduction in both primary and secondary bile acid levels was seen in the gut, but not in the liver with morphine treatment. Morphine induced microbial dysbiosis and gut barrier disruption was rescued by transplanting placebo-treated microbiota into morphine-treated animals, indicating that microbiome modulation could be exploited as a therapeutic strategy for patients using morphine for pain management. In this study, we establish a link between the two phenomena, namely gut barrier compromise and dysregulated bile acid metabolism. We show for the first time that morphine fosters significant gut microbial dysbiosis and disrupts cholesterol/bile acid metabolism. Changes in the gut microbial composition is strongly correlated to disruption in host inflammatory homeostasis13,14 and in many diseases (e.g. cancer/HIV infection), persistent inflammation is known to aid and promote the progression of the primary morbidity. We show here that chronic morphine, gut microbial dysbiosis, disruption of cholesterol/bile acid metabolism and gut inflammation; have a linear correlation. This opens up the prospect of devising minimally invasive adjunct treatment strategies involving microbiome and bile acid modulation and thus bringing down morphine-mediated inflammation in the host.
2016-06-01 | E-MTAB-3722 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Opioids such as morphine have many beneficial properties as analgesics, however, opioids may induce multiple adverse gastrointestinal symptoms. We have recently demonstrated that morphine treatment results in significant disruption in gut barrier function leading to increased translocation of gut commensal bacteria. However, it is unclear how opioids modulate the gut homeostasis. By using a mouse model of morphine treatment, we studied effects of morphine treatment on gut microbiome. We characterized phylogenetic profiles of gut microbes, and found a significant shift in the gut microbiome and increase of pathogenic bacteria following morphine treatment when compared to placebo. In the present study, wild type mice (C57BL/6J) were implanted with placebo, morphine pellets subcutaneously. Fecal matter were taken for bacterial 16s rDNA sequencing analysis at day 3 post treatment. A scatter plot based on an unweighted UniFrac distance matrics obtained from the sequences at OTU level with 97% similarity showed a distinct clustering of the community composition between the morphine and placebo treated groups. By using the chao1 index to evaluate alpha diversity (that is diversity within a group) and using unweighted UniFrac distance to evaluate beta diversity (that is diversity between groups, comparing microbial community based on compositional structures), we found that morphine treatment results in a significant decrease in alpha diversity and shift in fecal microbiome at day 3 post treatment compared to placebo treatment. Taxonomical analysis showed that morphine treatment results in a significant increase of potential pathogenic bacteria. Our study shed light on effects of morphine on the gut microbiome, and its role in the gut homeostasis.
2018-04-16 | E-MTAB-5546 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Spodoptera litura gut Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA401061 | ENA
Project description:The treatment of Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura with spore suspensions of Cordyceps fumosorosea showed high lethal effect on Plutella xylostella and poor lethal effect on Spodoptera litura. Therefore, the epiderms of the two insects were immersed in the spore suspensions of the strains and the mycelia were filtered out for protein sequencing.
2023-05-30 | PXD042555 |
Project description:It is well-established that women are disproportionately affected by Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The mechanisms underlying this sex-specific disparity are not fully understood, but several factors that are often associated-including interactions of sex hormones, genetic factors, and the gut microbiome-likely contribute to the disease's etiology. Here, we have examined the role of sex hormones and the gut microbiome in mediating A amyloidosis and neuroinflammation in APPPS1-21 mice. We report that postnatal gut microbiome perturbation in female APPPS1-21 mice leads to an elevation in levels of circulating estradiol. Early stage ovariectomy (OVX) leads to a reduction of plasma estradiol that is correlated with a significant alteration of gut microbiome composition and reduction in A pathology. On the other hand, supplementation of OVX-treated animals with estradiol restores A burden and influences gut microbiome composition. The reduction of A pathology with OVX is paralleled by diminished levels of plaque-associated MGnD-type microglia while estradiol supplementation of OVX-treated animals leads to a restoration of activated microglia around plaques. In summary, our investigation elucidates the complex interplay between sex-specific hormonal modulations, gut microbiome dynamics, metabolic perturbations, and microglial functionality in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
2024-02-08 | GSE245831 | GEO
Project description:insect gut metagenome Metagenome of Spodoptera litura
| PRJNA422414 | ENA
Project description:Here we report a direct tRNA sequencing protocol and software to simultaneously examine the composition and biological activity of naturally occurring microbial communities. Our analysis of mouse gut microbiome with tRNA-seq and 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons revealed comparable microbial community structures, and additional physiological insights into the microbiome through tRNA abundance and modifications.
2018-11-09 | GSE100263 | GEO
Project description:Loliolide, a metabolite of carotenoid metabolic pathways in plants, was identified as an inducer of resistance to herbivores such as the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, and the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura. To identify host factors involved in loliolide-induced herbivore resistance, microarray analysis of tomato plants treated with loliolide was performed. We identified several cell wall-associated defense genes as loliolide-responsive genes.
2018-06-19 | GSE115942 | GEO