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25-hydroxycholesterol mediates brain cytokine production and neutrophil infiltration in a mouse model of LPS-induced neuroinflammation.

ABSTRACT: 25-hydroxycholesterol mediates brain cytokine production and neutrophil infiltration in a mouse model of LPS-induced neuroinflammation.

PROVIDER: PRJNA1053288 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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25-hydroxycholesterol mediates brain cytokine production and neutrophil infiltration in a mouse model of LPS-induced neuroinflammation.

Project description:Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Microglia are key drivers of neuroinflammation and in response to different inflammatory stimuli overexpress a proinflammatory signature of genes. Among these, Ch25h is a gene overexpressed in brain tissue from Alzheimer’s disease as well as various mouse models of neuroinflammation. Ch25h encodes cholesterol 25-hydroxylase, an enzyme that hydroxylates cholesterol to form 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC). 25HC, an immune-oxysterol primarily produced by activated microglia, is further metabolized to 7,25-dihydroxycholesterol, which is a potent chemoattractant for leukocytes. We have also previously shown that 25HC increases production and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1, by mouse microglia treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In the present study, wildtype (WT) and Ch25h-knockout (CKO) mice were peripherally administered LPS to induce an inflammatory state in the brain. In LPS-treated WT mice, Ch25h expression and 25HC levels increased in brain relative to vehicle-treated WT mice. Interestingly, 25HC levels were significantly higher in LPS-treated WT female compared to male mice. Activation of microglia and astrocytes in response to systemic LPS was suppressed in CKO mice relative to WT mice. Proinflammatory cytokine production and intra-parenchymal infiltration of neutrophils strongly correlated with brain 25HC levels and were significantly lower in CKO compared to WT mice. Overall, our results show that 25HC mediates a sex-specific proinflammatory response in the brain characterized by activation of both microglia and astrocytes but also by neutrophil migration into the brain parenchyma presumably due to 7,25-diHC produced from 25HC.

2024-12-21 | GSE250279 | GEO

Elane mediates neutrophil infiltration into the brain and neuroinflammation

Project description:In CUMS mice, neutrophils can infiltrate brain parenchyma and induce neuroinflammatory responses. To identify potential mediators, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of bone marrow neutrophils from mice subjected to CUMS and compared them with those of control mice. Interestingly, among the genes notably associated with neutrophil functions were Elane and Mpo, the crucial granule proteins of neutrophils that mediate chronic inflammation. Our study demonstrated that neutrophil-specific Elane knockout reduced neutrophil infiltration into the brain parenchyma and alleviated neuroinflammation. Elane plays a critical role in modulating the influence of peripheral neutrophils on brain.

2024-12-17 | GSE271724 | GEO

Elane mediates neutrophil infiltration into the brain and neuroinflammation

Project description:Elane mediates neutrophil infiltration into the brain and neuroinflammation

| PRJNA1132996 | ENA

Microglial 25-hydroxycholesterol mediates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a tauopathy mouse model.

Project description:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in addition to neuroinflammation and changes in brain lipid metabolism. Recent findings have demonstrated that microglia are key drivers of neurodegeneration in tauopathy mouse models. A subset of microglia referred to as disease-associated microglia (DAM) display gene signatures signifying changes in proinflammatory signaling and lipid metabolism in mouse models of amyloid and tau pathology. Ch25h is a DAM gene encoding cholesterol 25-hydroxylase that produces 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), a known modulator of inflammation as well as lipid metabolism. However, whether Ch25h influences tau-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration is unknown. Here, we show that in the absence of Ch25h and 25HC there is strikingly reduced age-dependent neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and entorhinal/piriform cortex of PS19 mice which express the P301S mutant human tau transgene. Transcriptomic analyses of bulk hippocampal tissue and single nuclei revealed that Ch25h deficiency in PS19 mice strongly suppressed proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine signaling in microglia and restored sterol synthesis. Our results suggest a key role for Ch25h/25HC in potentiating proinflammatory signaling to promote tau-mediated neurodegeneration. Ch25h may represent a novel therapeutic target for primary tauopathies, AD, and other neuroinflammatory diseases.

2023-12-08 | GSE242896 | GEO

Microglial 25-hydroxycholesterol mediates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a tauopathy mouse model.

Project description:Microglial 25-hydroxycholesterol mediates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a tauopathy mouse model.

| PRJNA1015240 | ENA

Alarmin-loaded extracellular lipid droplets induce airway neutrophil infiltration during type 2 inflammation

Project description:Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a crucial role in allergic diseases by coordinating a complex network of various effector cell lineages involved in type 2 inflammation. However, their function in regulating airway neutrophil infiltration, a deleterious symptom of severe asthma, remains unknown. Here, we observed ILC2-dependent neutrophil accumulation in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of allergic mice models. Chromatography followed by proteomics analysis identified the alarmin high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in the supernatant of lung ILC2s initiated neutrophil chemotaxis. Genetic perturbation of Hmgb1 in ILC2s reduced BALF neutrophil numbers and alleviated airway inflammation. HMGB1 was loaded onto the membrane of lipid droplets (LDs) released from activated lung ILC2s. Genetic inhibition of LD accumulation in ILC2s significantly decreased extracellular HMGB1 abundance and BALF neutrophil infiltration. These findings unveil a previously uncharacterized extracellular LD-mediated immune signaling delivery pathway by which ILC2s regulate airway neutrophil infiltration during allergic inflammation.

2024-09-21 | GSE245964 | GEO

Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase mediates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy

Project description:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in addition to neuroinflammation and changes in brain lipid metabolism. Recent findings have demonstrated that microglia are key drivers of neurodegeneration in tauopathy mouse models. A subset of microglia referred to as disease-associated microglia (DAM) display gene signatures signifying changes in proinflammatory signaling and lipid metabolism in mouse models of amyloid and tau pathology. Ch25h is a DAM gene encoding cholesterol 25- hydroxylase that produces 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), a known modulator of inflammation as well as lipid metabolism. However, whether Ch25h influences tau-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration is unknown. Here, we show that in the absence of Ch25h and the resultant reduction in 25HC there is strikingly reduced age-dependent neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and entorhinal/piriform cortex of PS19 mice, which express the P301S mutant human tau transgene. Transcriptomic analyses of bulk hippocampal tissue and single nuclei revealed that Ch25h deficiency in PS19 mice strongly suppressed proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine signaling in microglia and restored sterol synthesis. Our results suggest a key role for Ch25h/25HC in potentiating proinflammatory signaling to promote tau-mediated neurodegeneration. Ch25h may represent a novel therapeutic target for primary tauopathies, AD, and other neuroinflammatory diseases.

2024-02-23 | GSE250277 | GEO

The response to PAM3CSK4 (PAM3) of bone marrow derived macrophages treated with 25-hydroxycholesterol (RNA-Seq).

Project description:Bone marrow derived macrophages from C57BL/6 or Ch25h-/- mice (female) were treated with 25-hydroxycholesterol and then stimulated with PAM3CSK4.

2024-04-03 | GSE201129 | GEO

The response to PAM3CSK4 (PAM3) of bone marrow derived macrophages treated with 25-hydroxycholesterol (ChIP-Seq).

Project description:Bone marrow derived macrophages from C57BL/6 or Ch25h-/- mice (female) were left untreated or treated with 25-hydroxycholesterol for 18 hours and then were left unstimulated or stimulated with PAM3CSK4 for 18 hours. Chromatin was isolated and immunoprecipiation performed for acetyl-H4.

2024-04-03 | GSE201131 | GEO

Transcription profiling of human hepatocytes treated with 25-hydroxycholesterol and the antiviral state it conveys against the HCV

Project description:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem. A number of studies have implicated a direct role of cellular lipid metabolism in the HCV life cycle and inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway have been demonstrated to result in an antiviral state within the host cell. Transcriptome profiling was also conducted on Huh-7 human hepatoma cells bearing subgenomic HCV replicons with and without treatment with 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC), an inhibitor of the mevalonate pathway that alters lipid metabolism, to assess metabolic determinants of pro- and antiviral states within the host cell. Experiment Overall Design: compound treatment and time course

2009-01-02 | E-GEOD-14204 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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