Tofogliflozin Attenuates Renal Lipid Deposition and Inflammation via PPARα restoration in Diet-induced Steatohepatitic mice
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1055144 | ENA |
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Project description:Tofogliflozin Attenuates Renal Lipid Deposition and Inflammation via PPARα restoration in Diet-induced Steatohepatitic mice. (microRNA-Seq)
| PRJNA1055152 | ENA
Project description:Tofogliflozin Attenuates Renal Lipid Deposition and Inflammation via PPARα restoration in Diet-induced Steatohepatitic mice. (RNA-Seq)
| PRJNA1055151 | ENA
Project description:Aims: We have previously demonstrated hepatic, cardiac, and skin inflammation in high-fat diet-induced steatotic liver disease model. However, the molecular mechanism in the kidney in this model is still not clear. It has been recently reported that SGLT2 inhibitors improved chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, we evaluated the effect of tofogliflozin on renal lipid metabolism and inflammation in this model. Methods: Male 8-10-week-old C57Bl/6 mice were fed high-fat/high-cholesterol/high-sucrose/bile acid (HF/HC/HS/BA) diet with 0.015% tofogliflozin (Tofo group) or HF/HC/HS/BA diet alone (Cont group). After eight weeks, serum lipid profiles and histology, lipid content, mRNA/microRNA and protein expression levels in the kidney were examined. Results: The Tofo group showed significant reduction in body weight (26.9±0.9 vs 24.5±1.0 g; p<0.001) and kidney weight compared to the Cont group. Renal cholesterol (9.1±1.6 vs 7.5±0.7 mg/g; p<0.05) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) (12.0±3.0 vs 8.4±1.5 µEq/g; p<0.01) were significantly decreased in the Tofo group. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a decreasedd number of lipid droplets. mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that fatty acid metabolism-related genes were upregulated and NFκB signaling pathway-related genes were downregulated in the Tofo group. microRNA sequencing analysis indicated that miR-21a was downregulated and miR-204 was upregulated in the Tofo group. Interestingly, the expression of PPARα, which has been known to be negatively regulated by miR-21, was significantly increased, leading to enhancing β-oxidation genes, Acox1 and CPT1 in the Tofo group. Conclusions: Tofogliflozin decreased renal cholesterol and NEFA content and improved inflammation through the regulation of PPARα and miR-21a.
2025-02-05 | GSE251738 | GEO
Project description:Aims: We have previously demonstrated hepatic, cardiac, and skin inflammation in high-fat diet-induced steatotic liver disease model. However, the molecular mechanism in the kidney in this model is still not clear. It has been recently reported that SGLT2 inhibitors improved chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, we evaluated the effect of tofogliflozin on renal lipid metabolism and inflammation in this model. Methods: Male 8-10-week-old C57Bl/6 mice were fed high-fat/high-cholesterol/high-sucrose/bile acid (HF/HC/HS/BA) diet with 0.015% tofogliflozin (Tofo group) or HF/HC/HS/BA diet alone (Cont group). After eight weeks, serum lipid profiles and histology, lipid content, mRNA/microRNA and protein expression levels in the kidney were examined. Results: The Tofo group showed significant reduction in body weight (26.9±0.9 vs 24.5±1.0 g; p<0.001) and kidney weight compared to the Cont group. Renal cholesterol (9.1±1.6 vs 7.5±0.7 mg/g; p<0.05) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) (12.0±3.0 vs 8.4±1.5 µEq/g; p<0.01) were significantly decreased in the Tofo group. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a decreasedd number of lipid droplets. mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that fatty acid metabolism-related genes were upregulated and NFκB signaling pathway-related genes were downregulated in the Tofo group. microRNA sequencing analysis indicated that miR-21a was downregulated and miR-204 was upregulated in the Tofo group. Interestingly, the expression of PPARα, which has been known to be negatively regulated by miR-21, was significantly increased, leading to enhancing β-oxidation genes, Acox1 and CPT1 in the Tofo group. Conclusions: Tofogliflozin decreased renal cholesterol and NEFA content and improved inflammation through the regulation of PPARα and miR-21a.
2025-02-05 | GSE251737 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2025-02-05 | GSE251739 | GEO
Project description:Autophagy is an evolutionally conserved catabolic process that recycles nutrients upon starvation and maintains cellular energy homeostasis1-3. Its acute regulation by nutrient sensing signaling pathways is well described, but its longer-term transcriptional regulation is not. The nuclear receptors PPARα and FXR are activated in the fasted or fed liver, respectively4,5. Here we show that both regulate hepatic autophagy. Pharmacologic activation of PPARα reverses the normal suppression of autophagy in the fed state, inducing autophagic lipid degradation, or lipophagy. This response is lost in PPARα knockout (PPARα-/-) mice, which are partially defective in the induction of autophagy by fasting. Pharmacologic activation of the bile acid receptor FXR strongly suppresses the induction of autophagy in the fasting state, and this response is absent in FXR knockout (FXR-/-) mice, which show a partial defect in suppression of hepatic autophagy in the fed state. PPARα and FXR compete for binding to shared sites in autophagic gene promoters, with opposite transcriptional outputs. These results reveal complementary, interlocking mechanisms for regulation of autophagy by nutrient status. Mouse liver PPARα cistromes in fed 8-week-old male WT or PPARα KO mice treated with or without its synthetic agonist ligand GW7647twice a day were generated by deep sequencing in quadruplicate using illumina
2014-09-27 | E-GEOD-61817 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Despite decades of research, sepsis remains one of the most urgent unmet medical needs. Clinical trials in sepsis have mainly focused on targeting the inflammatory pathway, however, recent data indicate that sepsis should also be seen as a metabolic disease. Targeting metabolic dysregulations that take place in sepsis might uncover novel therapeutic opportunities to treat human sepsis patients. The role of PPARα in liver dysfunction during sepsis has recently been described, and restoring PPARα signaling proves to be successful in murine sepsis. To find out whether this therapy might also be helpful in human sepsis patients, we analyzed metabolic perturbations in liver of a porcine fecal peritonitis model. Resuscitation with fluids, antimicrobial therapy and abdominal drainage were applied to the pigs in order to mimic human clinical care. By using RNA-seq, we detected problems with PPARα signaling in the livers of septic pigs and reduced PPARα levels correlated well with disease severity. As PPARα regulates the expression of many genes involved in FA oxidation, reduced expression of these target genes concomitant with increased FFAs in plasma and ectopic lipid deposition in the liver was observed. The results obtained in pigs are in agreement with earlier observations in mice and support the potential of targeting defective PPARα signaling in the clinic.
2022-11-28 | GSE218636 | GEO
Project description:Nuclear receptor activation in liver leads to coordinated alteration of the expression of multiple gene products with attendant phenotypic changes of hepatocytes. Peroxisome proliferators including endogenous fatty acids, environmental chemicals, and drugs induce a multi-enzyme metabolic response that affects lipid and fatty acid processing. We studied the signaling network for the peroxisome proliferator-associated receptor alpha (PPARα) in primary human hepatocytes using the selective PPARα ligand, GW7647. We measured gene expression over multiple concentrations and times and conducted ChIP-seq studies at 2 and 24 hours to assess genomic binding of PPARα. Over all treatments there were 192 genes differentially expressed. Of these only 51% showed evidence of PPARα binding – either directly at PPARα response elements or via alternative mechanisms. Almost half of regulated genes had no PPARα binding. We then developed two novel bioinformatics methods to visualize the dose-dependent activation of both the transcription factor circuitry for PPARα and the downstream metabolic network in relation to functional annotation categories. Available databases identified several key transcription factors involved with the non-genomic targets after GW7647 treatment, including SP1, STAT1, ETS1, ERα, and HNF4α. The linkage from PPARα binding through gene expression likely requires intermediate protein kinases to activate these transcription factors. We found enrichment of functional annotation categories for organic acid metabolism and cell lipid metabolism among the differentially expressed genes. Lipid transport processes showed enrichment at the highest concentration of GW7647 (10μM). While our strategy for mapping transcriptional networks is evolving, these approaches are necessary in moving from toxicogenomic methods that derive signatures of activity to methods that establish pathway structure, showing the coordination of the activated nuclear receptor with other signaling pathways. Primary hepatocytes from four donors were exposed to 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, or 10.0μM GW7647 for 2, 6, 12, 24, or 72 hours.
2013-12-18 | E-GEOD-53399 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated receptor α (PPARα) and cAMP-Responsive Element Binding Protein 3-Like 3 (CREB3L3) are transcription factors involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism in the liver. The aim of the present study was to characterize the interrelationship between PPARα and CREB3L3 in regulating hepatic gene expression. Male wildtype, PPARα-/-, CREB3L3-/- and combined PPARα/CREB3L3-/- mice were subjected to a 16-hour fast or 4 days of ketogenic diet. Whole genome expression analysis was performed on liver samples. Under conditions of overnight fasting, the effects of PPARα ablation and CREB3L3 ablation on plasma triglyceride, plasma β-hydroxybutyrate, and hepatic gene expression were largely disparate, and showed only limited interdependence. Gene and pathway analysis underscored the importance of CREB3L3 in regulating (apo)lipoprotein metabolism, and of PPARα as master regulator of intracellular lipid metabolism. A small number of genes, including Fgf21 and Mfsd2a, were under dual control of PPARα and CREB3L3. By contrast, a strong interaction between PPARα and CREB3L3 ablation was observed during ketogenic diet feeding. Specifically, the pronounced effects of CREB3L3 ablation on liver damage and hepatic gene expression during ketogenic diet were almost completely abolished by the simultaneous ablation of PPARα. Loss of CREB3L3 influenced PPARα signalling in two major ways. Firstly, it reduced expression of PPARα and its target genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis. In stark contrast, the hepatoproliferative function of PPARα was markedly activated by loss of CREB3L3. These data indicate that CREB3L3 ablation uncouples the hepatoproliferative and lipid metabolic effects of PPARα. Overall, except for the shared regulation of a very limited number of genes, the roles of PPARα and CREB3L3 in hepatic lipid metabolism are clearly distinct and are highly dependent on dietary status.
2019-01-23 | GSE121096 | GEO
Project description:Autophagy is an evolutionally conserved catabolic process that recycles nutrients upon starvation and maintains cellular energy homeostasis1-3. Its acute regulation by nutrient sensing signaling pathways is well described, but its longer-term transcriptional regulation is not. The nuclear receptors PPARα and FXR are activated in the fasted or fed liver, respectively4,5. Here we show that both regulate hepatic autophagy. Pharmacologic activation of PPARα reverses the normal suppression of autophagy in the fed state, inducing autophagic lipid degradation, or lipophagy. This response is lost in PPARα knockout (PPARα-/-) mice, which are partially defective in the induction of autophagy by fasting. Pharmacologic activation of the bile acid receptor FXR strongly suppresses the induction of autophagy in the fasting state, and this response is absent in FXR knockout (FXR-/-) mice, which show a partial defect in suppression of hepatic autophagy in the fed state. PPARα and FXR compete for binding to shared sites in autophagic gene promoters, with opposite transcriptional outputs. These results reveal complementary, interlocking mechanisms for regulation of autophagy by nutrient status.
2014-09-27 | GSE61817 | GEO