Acetyl-CoA metabolism determines the partitioning of lipids between adipose tissue and skin [RNA-seq 1]
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1055488 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) generates cytosolic acetyl-CoA for lipid synthesis and is a promising therapeutic target in disease contexts with altered lipid metabolism. Here, we developed inducible whole-body Acly knockout mice to determine the requirement for ACLY in normal tissue functions, uncovering its crucial role in skin homeostasis and barrier function. ACLY-deficient skin upregulates the acetyl-CoA synthetase ACSS2; and skin-specific double knockout (DKO) of Acly and Acss2 exacerbates skin abnormalities, with differential effects on two major lipid-producing skin compartments. While the epidermis is depleted of key barrier lipids, the sebaceous glands unexpectedly increase their lipid-rich sebum secretion, supplied in part by fatty acids released from adipose tissues. Accordingly, DKO mice rapidly lose fat mass, and dietary lipid supplementation partially rescues both the lipoatrophy and aberrant skin phenotypes. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a cytokine with a role in regulating sebaceous glands, is overexpressed in DKO epidermis and thus may stimulate sebum secretion in response to deficient epidermal acetyl-CoA synthesis. Together, the data demonstrate that cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis in the skin both maintains local tissue homeostasis and influences systemic lipid partitioning and storage.
2024-12-25 | GSE276589 | GEO
Project description:ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) generates cytosolic acetyl-CoA for lipid synthesis and is a promising therapeutic target in disease contexts with altered lipid metabolism. Here, we developed inducible whole-body Acly knockout mice to determine the requirement for ACLY in normal tissue functions, uncovering its crucial role in skin homeostasis and barrier function. ACLY-deficient skin upregulates the acetyl-CoA synthetase ACSS2; and skin-specific double knockout (DKO) of Acly and Acss2 exacerbates skin abnormalities, with differential effects on two major lipid-producing skin compartments. While the epidermis is depleted of key barrier lipids, the sebaceous glands unexpectedly increase their lipid-rich sebum secretion, supplied in part by fatty acids released from adipose tissues. Accordingly, DKO mice rapidly lose fat mass, and dietary lipid supplementation partially rescues both the lipoatrophy and aberrant skin phenotypes. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a cytokine with a role in regulating sebaceous glands, is overexpressed in DKO epidermis and thus may stimulate sebum secretion in response to deficient epidermal acetyl-CoA synthesis. Together, the data demonstrate that cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis in the skin both maintains local tissue homeostasis and influences systemic lipid partitioning and storage.
2024-12-25 | GSE251811 | GEO
Project description:Acetyl-CoA metabolism determines the partitioning of lipids between adipose tissue and skin [RNA-seq 2]
| PRJNA1157888 | ENA
Project description:The energetic (ATP) cost of biochemical pathways critically determines the maximum yield of metabolites of vital or commercial relevance. Cytosolic acetyl-CoA is a key precursor for biosynthesis in eukaryotes and for many industrially relevant product pathways that have been introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such as isoprenoids or lipids. In this yeast, synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA via acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) involves hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and pyrophosphate. Here, we demonstrate that expression and assembly in the yeast cytosol of a pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) from Enterococcus faecalis can fully replace the ACS-dependent pathway for cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis. In vivo activity of E. faecalis PDH required the simultaneous expression of E. faecalis genes encoding its E1α, E1β, E2 and E3 subunits, as well as genes involved in lipoylation of E2 and addition of lipoate to growth media. A strain lacking ACS, that expressed these E. faecalis genes, grew at near-wild-type rates on glucose synthetic medium supplemented with lipoate, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A physiological comparison of the engineered strain and an isogenic Acs+ reference strain showed small differences in biomass yields and metabolic fluxes. Cellular fractionation and gel filtration studies revealed that the E. faecalis PDH subunits were assembled in the yeast cytosol, with a subunit ratio and enzyme activity similar to values reported for PDH purified from E. faecalis. This study indicates that cytosolic expression and assembly of PDH in eukaryotic industrial micro-organisms is a promising option for minimizing the energy costs of precursor supply in acetyl-CoA-dependent product pathways. For both strains - mutant strain IMY104 and reference strain CEN.PK113-7D' three independent chemostat cultures were performed. Each of the chemosta was sampled for transcriptome analysis. Samples were processed as described below.
2014-11-04 | E-GEOD-59814 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cytosolic acetyl-coenzyme A is a precursor for many biotechnologically relevant compounds produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this yeast, cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis and growth strictly depend on expression of either the Acs1 or Acs2 isoenzyme of acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS). Since hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and pyrophosphate in the ACS reaction constrains maximum yields of acetyl-CoA-derived products, this study explores replacement of ACS by two ATP-independent pathways for acetyl-CoA synthesis. After evaluating expression of different bacterial genes encoding acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (A-ALD) and pyruvate-formate lyase (PFL), acs1M-NM-^T acs2M-NM-^T S. cerevisiae strains were constructed in which A-ALD or PFL successfully replaced ACS. In A-ALD-dependent strains, aerobic growth rates of up to 0.27 h-1 were observed, while anaerobic growth rates of PFL-dependent S. cerevisiae (0.21 h-1) were stoichiometrically coupled to formate production. In glucose-limited chemostat cultures, intracellular metabolite analysis did not reveal major differences between A-ALD-dependent and reference strains. However, biomass yields on glucose of A-ALD- and PFL-dependent strains were lower than those of the reference strain. Transcriptome analysis suggested that reduced biomass yields were caused by acetaldehyde and formate in A-ALD- and PFL-dependent strains, respectively. Transcript profiles also indicated that a previously proposed role of Acs2 in histone acetylation is probably linked to cytosolic acetyl-CoA levels rather than to direct involvement of Acs2 in histone acetylation. While, for the first time, demonstrating that yeast ACS can be fully replaced by alternative reactions, this study demonstrates that further modifications are needed to achieve optimal in vivo efficiencies of the supply of acetyl-CoA as product precursor. To investigate the impact of introduced changes in native pathway of cytosolic acetyl-CoA formation in S. cerevisiae, a DNA microarray-based transcriptome analysis was performed on aerobic or anaerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures.
2013-11-21 | E-GEOD-47983 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cytosolic acetyl-coenzyme A is a precursor for many biotechnologically relevant compounds produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this yeast, cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis and growth strictly depend on expression of either the Acs1 or Acs2 isoenzyme of acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS). Since hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and pyrophosphate in the ACS reaction constrains maximum yields of acetyl-CoA-derived products, this study explores replacement of ACS by two ATP-independent pathways for acetyl-CoA synthesis. After evaluating expression of different bacterial genes encoding acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (A-ALD) and pyruvate-formate lyase (PFL), acs1Δ acs2Δ S. cerevisiae strains were constructed in which A-ALD or PFL successfully replaced ACS. In A-ALD-dependent strains, aerobic growth rates of up to 0.27 h-1 were observed, while anaerobic growth rates of PFL-dependent S. cerevisiae (0.21 h-1) were stoichiometrically coupled to formate production. In glucose-limited chemostat cultures, intracellular metabolite analysis did not reveal major differences between A-ALD-dependent and reference strains. However, biomass yields on glucose of A-ALD- and PFL-dependent strains were lower than those of the reference strain. Transcriptome analysis suggested that reduced biomass yields were caused by acetaldehyde and formate in A-ALD- and PFL-dependent strains, respectively. Transcript profiles also indicated that a previously proposed role of Acs2 in histone acetylation is probably linked to cytosolic acetyl-CoA levels rather than to direct involvement of Acs2 in histone acetylation. While, for the first time, demonstrating that yeast ACS can be fully replaced by alternative reactions, this study demonstrates that further modifications are needed to achieve optimal in vivo efficiencies of the supply of acetyl-CoA as product precursor.
2013-11-21 | GSE47983 | GEO
Project description:The energetic (ATP) cost of biochemical pathways critically determines the maximum yield of metabolites of vital or commercial relevance. Cytosolic acetyl-CoA is a key precursor for biosynthesis in eukaryotes and for many industrially relevant product pathways that have been introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such as isoprenoids or lipids. In this yeast, synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA via acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) involves hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and pyrophosphate. Here, we demonstrate that expression and assembly in the yeast cytosol of a pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) from Enterococcus faecalis can fully replace the ACS-dependent pathway for cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis. In vivo activity of E. faecalis PDH required the simultaneous expression of E. faecalis genes encoding its E1α, E1β, E2 and E3 subunits, as well as genes involved in lipoylation of E2 and addition of lipoate to growth media. A strain lacking ACS, that expressed these E. faecalis genes, grew at near-wild-type rates on glucose synthetic medium supplemented with lipoate, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A physiological comparison of the engineered strain and an isogenic Acs+ reference strain showed small differences in biomass yields and metabolic fluxes. Cellular fractionation and gel filtration studies revealed that the E. faecalis PDH subunits were assembled in the yeast cytosol, with a subunit ratio and enzyme activity similar to values reported for PDH purified from E. faecalis. This study indicates that cytosolic expression and assembly of PDH in eukaryotic industrial micro-organisms is a promising option for minimizing the energy costs of precursor supply in acetyl-CoA-dependent product pathways.
2014-11-04 | GSE59814 | GEO
Project description:Acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a central metabolite and the acetyl source for protein acetylation, particularly histone acetylation that promotes gene expression. However, the effect of acetyl-CoA levels on histone acetylation status in plants remains unknown. Here, we show that malfunctioned cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 (ACC1) in Arabidopsis leads to elevated levels of acetyl-CoA and promotes histone hyperacetylation predominantly at lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27). The increase of H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) is dependent on ATP-citrate lyase which cleaves citrate to acetyl-CoA in the cytoplasm, and requires histone acetyltransferase GCN5. A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome in combination with the genome-wide H3K27ac profiles of acc1 mutants, demonstrate the dynamic changes of H3K27ac, gene transcripts and metabolites occurring in the cell by the increased levels of acetyl-CoA. This study suggests that H3K27ac is an important link between cytosolic acetyl-CoA level and gene expression in response to the dynamic metabolic environments in plants.
2017-09-25 | GSE79524 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2024-12-25 | GSE276591 | GEO
Project description:In order to identify regions of the genome that display quantitative changes in acetyl-CoA, we utilized an established “spike-in” normalization method that allows the quantitative comparison of histone modifications across cell populations using defined quantities of a reference epigenome. We found that some regions of the genome are more sensitive to changes in acetyl-CoA compared to others.
2018-12-20 | GSE109340 | GEO