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Dynamic co-evolution of transposable elements and the piRNA pathway in East African cichlid fishes [smallRNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Dynamic co-evolution of transposable elements and the piRNA pathway in East African cichlid fishes [smallRNA-seq]

PROVIDER: PRJNA1062736 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Dynamic co-evolution of transposable elements and the piRNA pathway in East African cichlid fishes [smallRNA-seq]

Project description:East African cichlid fishes have diversified in an explosive fashion, but the (epi)genetic basis of the phenotypic diversity of these fishes remains largely unknown. Although transposable elements (TEs) have been associated with phenotypic variation in cichlids, little is known about their transcriptional activity and epigenetic silencing. Here, we describe dynamic patterns of TE expression in African cichlid gonads and during early development. Orthology inference revealed an expansion of piwil1 genes in Lake Malawi cichlids, likely driven by PiggyBac TEs. The expanded piwil1 copies have signatures of positive selection and retain amino acid residues essential for catalytic activity. Furthermore, the gonads of African cichlids express a Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway that target TEs. We define the genomic sites of piRNA production in African cichlids and find divergence in closely related species, in line with fast evolution of piRNA-producing loci. Our findings suggest dynamic co-evolution of TEs and host silencing pathways in the African cichlid radiations. We propose that this co-evolution has contributed to cichlid genomic diversity.

2024-04-01 | GSE252804 | GEO

Dynamic co-evolution of transposable elements and the piRNA pathway in East African cichlid fishes

Project description:East African cichlid fishes have radiated in an explosive fashion. The (epi)genetic basis for the abundant phenotypic diversity of these fishes remains largely unknown. As transposable elements (TEs) contribute extensively to genome evolution, we reasoned that TEs may have fuelled cichlid radiations. While TE-derived genetic and epigenetic variability has been associated with phenotypic traits, TE expression and epigenetic silencing remain unexplored in cichlids. Here, we profiled TE expression in African cichlids, and describe dynamic expression patterns during embryogenesis and according to sex. Most TE silencing factors are conserved and expressed in cichlids. We describe an expansion of two truncated Piwil1 genes in Lake Malawi/Nyasa cichlids, encoding a Piwi domain with catalytic potential. To further dissect epigenetic silencing of TEs, we focused on small RNA-driven epigenetic silencing. We detect a small RNA population in gonads consistent with an active Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway targeting TEs. We uncover fluid genomic origins of piRNAs in closely related cichlid species. This, along with signatures of positive selection in piRNA pathway factors, points towards fast co-evolution of TEs and the piRNA pathway. Our study is the first step to understand the contribution of ongoing TE-host arms races to the cichlid radiations in Africa.

2024-04-02 | PXD047439 | Pride

Dynamic co-evolution of transposable elements and the piRNA pathway in East African cichlid fishes

2024-04-01 | GSE252805 | GEO

Dynamic co-evolution of transposable elements and the piRNA pathway in East African cichlid fishes

Project description:Dynamic co-evolution of transposable elements and the piRNA pathway in East African cichlid fishes

| PRJNA1062739 | ENA

Mapping epigenetic divergence in the massive radiation of Lake Malawi cichlid fishes

Project description:Whole-genome methylomes and total transcriptomes for muscle and liver tissues of Lake Malawi cichlid species characterised in the context of phenotypic diversification.

2021-08-19 | GSE158514 | GEO

Gut microbiota of Midas cichlid fishes

Project description:16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of the cichlid fishes gut microbiota from Nicaraguan lakes Raw sequence reads

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Rapid speciation of cichlids fishes may be explained by evolutionary divergence of novel open reading frames

Project description:We have investigated whether we can understand the speciation of the cichlid fishes using proteogenomic approach. We have deposited both the RNA-Seq data and Mass Spectra data here. Details of methods carried out can be found in the Methods Section of the paper.

2021-09-09 | PXD019072 | Pride

Mapping epigenetic divergence in the massive radiation of Lake Malawi cichlid fishes

Project description:Mapping epigenetic divergence in the massive radiation of Lake Malawi cichlid fishes

| PRJNA665493 | ENA

smallRNA-seq_Arenosa

Project description:smallRNA-seq_Arenosa

| PRJEB34381 | ENA

Project description:Immune-related genes are often characterized by adaptive protein evolution. Selection on immune genes can be particularly strong when hosts encounter novel parasites, for instance, after the colonization of a new habitat or upon the exploitation of vacant ecological niches in an adaptive radiation. We examined a set of new candidate immune genes in East African cichlid fishes. More specifically, we studied the signatures of selection in five paralogs of the human immunodeficiency virus type I enhancer-binding protein (Hivep) gene family, tested their involvement in the immune defense, and related our results to explosive speciation and adaptive radiation events in cichlids. We found signatures of long-term positive selection in four Hivep paralogs and lineage-specific positive selection in Hivep3b in two radiating cichlid lineages. Exposure of the cichlid Astatotilapia burtoni to a vaccination with Vibrio anguillarum bacteria resulted in a positive correlation between immune response parameters and expression levels of three Hivep loci. This work provides the first evidence for a role of Hivep paralogs in teleost immune defense and links the signatures of positive selection to host-pathogen interactions within an adaptive radiation.

| S-EPMC3852383 | biostudies-literature

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