A long-distance inhibitory system regulates haustoria numbers in parasitic plants
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1066823 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR27662810_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27662810_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27662811_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27662811_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27662812_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Transcriptomic changes during haustoria formation in the parasitic plant Phtheirospermum japonicum. We performed RNAseq on Phtheirospermum japonicum seedling infecting and not infecting over 5 time points during haustoria formation for the control treatment and over 3 time points for the ammonium nitrate and 6-Benzylaminipurine. We investigated the transcriptomic changes during haustoria formation and how this is affected in the transcritpome level by nitrate and cytokinin treatment.
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Project description:Cuscuta campestris is an obligate parasitic plant that requires a host to complete its lifecycle. Parasite-host connections occur via an haustorium, a unique organ that acts as a bridge for the uptake of water, nutrients and macromolecules. Research on Cuscuta is often complicated by host influences, but comparable systems for growing the parasite in the absence of a host do not exist. We developed an axenic method to grow C. campestris on an Artificial Host System (AHS). We evaluated the effects of nutrients and phytohormones on parasite haustoria development and growth. Haustorium morphology and gene expression were characterized. The AHS consists of an inert, fibrous stick that mimics a host stem, wicking water and nutrients to the parasite. It enables C. campestris to exhibit a parasitic habit and develop through all stages of its lifecycle, including production of new shoots and viable seeds. Phytohormones NAA and BA affect haustoria morphology, and increase parasite fresh weight and biomass. Gene expression in AHS haustoria reflect process similar to those in haustoria on actual host plants. The AHS is a methodological improvement for studying Cuscuta biology by avoiding specific host effects on parasite and giving researchers full control of the parasite environment.
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Project description:Background: Epigenetic processes play an important role in the plant response to adverse environmental conditions. A role for DNA hypomethylation has recently been suggested in the pathogenic interaction between bacteria and plants, yet it remains unclear whether this phenomenon reflects a conserved and general plant immunity response. We therefore investigated the role of DNA methylation in the plant defence against damaging parasitic nematodes. Methods and results: Treatment of roots of rice (monocot plant) and tomato (dicot plant) by a nematode-associated molecular pattern (NAMP) from different parasitic nematodes revealed global DNA hypomethylation using ELISA based quantification, suggesting conservation among plants. Focusing on root-knot induced gall tissue in rice, the causal impact of hypomethylation on immunity was revealed by a significantly reduced plant susceptibility upon 5-Azacitidine treatment. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing revealed that hypomethylation was massively present in the CHH context, while absent for CpG or CHG nucleotide contexts. CHH hypomethylated regions were predominantly associated with gene promoter regions, which was not correlated with activated gene expression at the same time point, but rather showed a delayed effect on transcriptional gene activation. Finally, the relevance of CHH hypomethylation in plant defence was confirmed in rice mutants of the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway (RdDM) and DDM1, which are known to be steering DNA methylation in CHH context. Conclusions: We demonstrated that DNA hypomethylation confers enhanced defence in rice towards root-parasitic nematodes and is likely to be part of the basal NAMP-triggered immunity response in plants.
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