Rewiring endothelial cell sphingolipid metabolism to favor S1P over ceramide signaling protects from coronary atherosclerosis
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1070546 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR27759251.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27759252.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27759253.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27759254.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27759255.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Growing evidence correlated changes in bioactive sphingolipids, particularly sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramides, with coronary artery diseases. Furthermore, specific plasma ceramide species can predict major cardiovascular events. Dysfunction of the endothelium lining lesion-prone areas plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Yet, how sphingolipid metabolism and signaling change and contribute to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis remain poorly understood. By using a mouse model of coronary atherosclerosis, we demonstrated that hemodynamic stress induces an early metabolic rewiring of endothelial sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis favoring S1P signaling over ceramide as protective response. Furthermore, our data are paradigm shift from the current believe that ceramide accrual contributes to endothelial dysfunction. The de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids is commenced by serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), and is downregulated by NOGO-B, an ER membrane protein. We showed that Nogo-B is upregulated by hemodynamic stress in myocardial endothelial cells (EC) of ApoE-/- mice and is expressed in the endothelium lining coronary lesions in mice and human. We demonstrated that mice lacking Nogo-B specifically in EC (Nogo-A/BECKOApoE-/-) were resistant to coronary atherosclerosis development and progression, and mortality. Fibrous cap thickness was significantly increased in Nogo-A/BECKOApoE-/- mice and correlated with reduced necrotic core and macrophage infiltration. Mechanistically, the deletion of Nogo-B in EC sustained the rewiring of sphingolipid metabolism towards S1P, imparting an atheroprotective transcriptional signature that refrain coronary atherogenesis and its progression. These findings also set forth the foundation for sphingolipid-based therapeutics to reduce the treat this condition.
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Project description:The cleavage of sphingoid base phosphates by sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase to produce phosphoethanolamine and a fatty aldehyde is the final degradative step in the sphingolipid metabolic pathway. We have studied mice with an inactive S1P lyase gene and have found that, in addition to the expected increase of sphingoid base phosphates, other sphingolipids (including sphingosine, ceramide, and sphingomyelin) were substantially elevated in the serum and /or liver of these mice. This latter increase is consistent with a reutilization of the sphingosine backbone for sphingolipid synthesis due to its inability to exit the sphingolipid metabolic pathway. Furthermore, the S1P lyase deficiency resulted in changes in the levels of serum and liver lipids not directly within the sphingolipid pathway, including phospholipids, triacyglycerol, diacylglycerol, and cholesterol. Even though lipids in serum and lipid storage were elevated in liver, adiposity was reduced in the S1P lyase-deficient mice. Microarray analysis of lipid metabolism genes in liver showed that the S1P lyase deficiency caused widespread changes in their expression pattern. These results demonstrate that S1P lyase is a key regulator of the levels of multiple sphingolipid substrates and reveal functional links between the sphingolipid metabolic pathway and other lipid metabolic pathways that may be mediated by shared lipid substrates and changes in gene expression programs. The disturbance of lipid homeostasis by altered sphingolipid levels may be relevant to metabolic diseases. Experiment Overall Design: RNA samples from liver for three sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase knock-out and three WT mice.
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Project description:The bioactive sphingolipid ceramide, generated by ceramide synthase, is an adaptive stress effector induced in response to various stress stimuli such as aging. In fact, ceramide synthase (CerS) was first discovered in yeast as a longevity assurance gene (LAG1), as the reduced ceramide generation consequent to LAG1 deletion increased longevity. There are six homologues of mammalian LAG1/ceramide synthases (CerS1-6) that generate ceramides with different fatty acid chain lengths with distinct functions and hydrophobicity. Ceramide can be metabolized by sphingosine kinase 1 or 2 for the generation of pro-survival sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), which enhances immune cell egress to the blood stream, activating immune function. Ceramide is known to induce mitophagy and cell death. Here we investigated the role of this sphingolipid pathway in immune function, specifically T cell functions, via high throughput expression profiling.
2021-01-01 | GSE148498 | GEO
Project description:The cleavage of sphingoid base phosphates by sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase to produce phosphoethanolamine and a fatty aldehyde is the final degradative step in the sphingolipid metabolic pathway. We have studied mice with an inactive S1P lyase gene and have found that, in addition to the expected increase of sphingoid base phosphates, other sphingolipids (including sphingosine, ceramide, and sphingomyelin) were substantially elevated in the serum and /or liver of these mice. This latter increase is consistent with a reutilization of the sphingosine backbone for sphingolipid synthesis due to its inability to exit the sphingolipid metabolic pathway. Furthermore, the S1P lyase deficiency resulted in changes in the levels of serum and liver lipids not directly within the sphingolipid pathway, including phospholipids, triacyglycerol, diacylglycerol, and cholesterol. Even though lipids in serum and lipid storage were elevated in liver, adiposity was reduced in the S1P lyase-deficient mice. Microarray analysis of lipid metabolism genes in liver showed that the S1P lyase deficiency caused widespread changes in their expression pattern. These results demonstrate that S1P lyase is a key regulator of the levels of multiple sphingolipid substrates and reveal functional links between the sphingolipid metabolic pathway and other lipid metabolic pathways that may be mediated by shared lipid substrates and changes in gene expression programs. The disturbance of lipid homeostasis by altered sphingolipid levels may be relevant to metabolic diseases.
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Project description:To investigate the effect of the sphingolipid S1P secreted by melanoma cells on epidermal keratinocytes, we treated human primary keratinocytes with exogenous S1P.
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Project description:Clinically significant radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and a common toxicity in patients administered thoracic radiotherapy. While the molecular etiology of RILI is poorly understood, we previously characterized a murine model of RILI in which alterations in lung endothelial barrier integrity surfaced as a potentially important pathobiologic event. In these studies, inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity (simvastatin) reduced murine RILI-associated lung inflammation and vascular leak and attenuated radiation-induced dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolic pathway genes identified by genome-wide lung gene expression profiling. In the present study, we test the hypothesis that sphingolipid signaling components serve as important modulators of RILI pathobiology and novel therapeutic targets. Sphingolipid involvement in murine RILI was confirmed by radiation-induced increases in lung expression of sphingosine kinase (SphK) isoforms 1 and 2 and increases in the ratio of ceramide to cumulative sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and dihydro-S1P (DHS1P) levels in plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue following 25 Gy exposure (6 weeks). Moreover, genetically-engineered mice with either targeted deletion of SphK1 (SphK1-/-), or with reduced expression of selective members of the S1P receptor family (S1PR1+/-, S1PR2-/-, S1PR3-/-,), exhibited marked susceptibility to RILI-mediated lung inflammation. Finally, we assessed the efficacy of three potent vascular barrier-protective S1P analogues FTY720 (FTY), fTysiponate (fTyS) and SEW-2871 (SEW) in attenuating indices of RILI. The phosphonate analogue, fTyS, and to a lesser degree SEW, exhibited significant attenuation of RILI and RILI-induced gene dysregulation compared to control RILI-challenged mice (6 weeks). In contrast, FTY failed to significantly alter physiologic or genomic changes compared to RILI-challenged controls. Together, these results support the targeting of sphingolipid components as a novel and effective therapeutic strategy in RILI. Four mice were treated with PBS as a control. Three mice were treated with (S)-FTY-phosphonate (0.1mg/kg) as a drug control. Three mice were treated with SEW-2871 (0.1mg/kg) as a drug control. Three mice were treated with FTY720 (0.1mg/kg) as a drug control. Three mice were treated with administered radiation (25 Gy) alone. Three mice were treated with both administered radiation (25 Gy) and (S)-FTY-phosphonate (0.1mg/kg). Three mice were treated with both administered radiation (25 Gy) and SEW-2871 (0.1mg/kg). Three mice were treated with both administered radiation (25 Gy) and FTY720 (0.1mg/kg).
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Project description:Sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase (SGPL1) insufficiency (SPLIS) is a syndrome which presents with adrenal insufficiency, steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome, hypothyroidism, neurological disease, and ichthyosis. Where a skin phenotype is reported, 94% presented with abnormalities such as ichthyosis, acanthosis, and hyperpigmentation. To elucidate the disease mechanism and the role SGPL1 plays in the skin barrier we established CRISPR-Cas9 SGPL1 knock-out and a lentiviral induced SGPL1 overexpression in nTERT immortalised keratinocytes and thereafter organotypic skin equivalents. Loss of SGPL1 caused an accumulation of S1P, sphingosine and ceramide while its overexpression caused a reduction of these species. RNAseq analysis showed perturbations in sphingolipid pathway genes, particularly in SGPL1_KO and GSEA revealed polar opposite differential gene expression between SGPL1_KO and _OE in keratinocyte differentiation and Ca2+ signalling genesets. SGPL1_KO upregulated differentiation markers while SGPL1_OE upregulated basal and proliferative markers. The advanced differentiation of SGPL1_KO was confirmed by 3D organotypic models that also presented with a thickened and retained stratum corneum, sphingolipid accumulation in the spinous layer and a breakdown of E-cadherin junctions. We hypothesise that SPLIS associated ichthyosis is a multi-faceted disease caused by sphingolipid imbalance and excessive S1P signalling.
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Project description:In animals, maternal diet and environment can influence the health of offspring. Whether and how maternal dietary choice impacts the nervous system across multiple generations is not well understood. Here, we show that feeding Caenorhabditis elegans with ursolic acid (UA), a natural plant product, reduces adult-onset neurodegeneration intergenerationally. UA provides neuroprotection by enhancing maternal provisioning of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) - a bioactive sphingolipid. Intestine-to-oocyte S1P transfer is required for intergenerational neuroprotection and is dependent on the RME-2 lipoprotein yolk receptor. S1P acts intergenerationally by upregulating transcription of the acid ceramidase-1 (asah-1) gene in the intestine. Spatially regulating sphingolipid metabolism is critical as inappropriate asah-1 expression in neurons causes developmental axon outgrowth defects. Our results show that sphingolipid homeostasis impacts the development and intergenerational health of the nervous system. The ability of specific lipid metabolites to act as messengers between generations may have broad implications for dietary choice during reproduction.
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