CMKLR1 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: A Therapeutic Focus for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1073912 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Background and Aims: Atherosclerosis, a major contributor to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, remains a leading cause of global mortality and morbidity. This study focuses on the role of chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) in VSMCs and its potential impact on atherosclerotic plaque formation and remodelling. Methods: Cmklr1-/-Apoe-/- mice, generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, were fed a high-fat western diet for 16 weeks to model atherosclerosis. Primary VSMCs were isolated from Cmklr1-/- and Cmklr1+/+ mice for in vitro experiments. Cell viability, senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining, and RNA interference were performed to assess the effect of CMKLR1 deficiency on VSMCs. Various assays, including flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and RNA-seq analysis, were employed to investigate the molecular mechanisms and downstream signals associated with CMKLR1 deficiency. Results: CMKLR1 deficiency was found to disrupt the cell cycle, leading to VSMC senescence both in vitro and in vivo. Cmklr1-/-Apoe-/- mice exhibited increased atherosclerotic plaque burden, emphasizing the role of CMKLR1 in plaque stability. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant changes in cellular components and biological processes, with a particular impact on the extracellular matrix and cellular response to stimulus. The TGFβ signalling pathway emerged as a potential downstream target of CMKLR1, affecting VSMC differentiation, vessel development, and extracellular matrix synthesis. The deficiency of CMKLR1 led to a reduction in TGFβ1 expression and downstream molecule SM22α, influencing plaque composition and stability. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that CMKLR1 deficiency promotes VSMC senescence and exacerbates atherosclerosis. The disrupted TGFβ signalling pathway, identified as a potential molecular mechanism, provides insights into the complex regulatory network associated with CMKLR1 in atherosclerotic plaque formation and remodelling. These findings highlight the importance of CMKLR1 in atherosclerosis and its potential as a therapeutic target for plaque stability.
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Project description:One pending issue in cardiovascular epigenetics is whether cerebrovascular events, a major complication of atherosclerosis, are associated with any specific DNA methylation changes in the carotid plaque. To clarify that topic, we profiled the DNA methylomes of human symptomatic carotid plaques (SCPs) obtained from patients who suffered cerebrovascular events (n=19) and asymptomatic counterparts (ACP; n=19) with a high-density microarray (~485,000 CpG sites, Illumina), and crossed DNA methylation data with RNAseq-based expression data from an independent SCP set (n=8). Few (30) CpGs showed a significant (p<0.05; absolute Delta-Beta>0.20) differential methylation between the two groups. Within SCPs, methylation correlated significantly with post-cerebrovascular event time (PCET; range: 3-45 days; r-value range -0.926 to 0.857; p<0.05) for ~45,000 CpGs, the vast majority of which became hypomethylated with increasing PCET. Hypomethylation was not due to erasure of the gene-body and CG-poor region hypermethylation that accompany the progression of stable lesions, but rather targeted promoters and CpG islands. Noticeably, promoter hypomethylation and increased expression were observed for genes involved in the inhibition of the inflammatory response, defence against oxidative stress and active DNA demethylation. Our data show that only weak changes in the DNA methylome distinguish symptomatic from asymptomatic carotid plaques, but a widespread demethylation resulting in permissive transcriptional marks at atheroprotective gene promoters is established in plaques after a cerebrovascular event, thus mirroring previous observations that ruptured plaques tend to revert to a more stable structure. The identified loci are candidate targets to accelerate the pace of carotid plaque stabilization. DNA was quantified by Quant-iT PicoGreen dsDNA Reagent (Invitrogen) and the integrity was analyzed in a 1.3% agarose gel. Bisulfite conversion of 600 ng of each sample was perform according to the manufacturer's recommendation for Illumina Infinium Assay. Effective bisulphite conversion was checked for three controls that were converted simultaneously with the samples. 4 ul of bisulfite converted DNA were used to hybridize on Infinium HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip, following Illumina Infinium HD Methylation protocol. Chip analysis was performed using Illumina HiScan SQ fluorescent scanner. The intensities of the images are extracted using GenomeStudio (2011.2) Methylation module (1.8.5) software. Methylation score of each CpG is represented as beta value.
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Project description:One pending issue in cardiovascular epigenetics is whether cerebrovascular events, a major complication of atherosclerosis, are associated with any specific DNA methylation changes in the carotid plaque. To clarify that topic, we profiled the DNA methylomes of human symptomatic carotid plaques (SCPs) obtained from patients who suffered cerebrovascular events (n=19) and asymptomatic counterparts (ACP; n=19) with a high-density microarray (~485,000 CpG sites, Illumina), and crossed DNA methylation data with RNAseq-based expression data from an independent SCP set (n=8). Few (30) CpGs showed a significant (p<0.05; absolute Delta-Beta>0.20) differential methylation between the two groups. Within SCPs, methylation correlated significantly with post-cerebrovascular event time (PCET; range: 3-45 days; r-value range -0.926 to 0.857; p<0.05) for ~45,000 CpGs, the vast majority of which became hypomethylated with increasing PCET. Hypomethylation was not due to erasure of the gene-body and CG-poor region hypermethylation that accompany the progression of stable lesions, but rather targeted promoters and CpG islands. Noticeably, promoter hypomethylation and increased expression were observed for genes involved in the inhibition of the inflammatory response, defence against oxidative stress and active DNA demethylation. Our data show that only weak changes in the DNA methylome distinguish symptomatic from asymptomatic carotid plaques, but a widespread demethylation resulting in permissive transcriptional marks at atheroprotective gene promoters is established in plaques after a cerebrovascular event, thus mirroring previous observations that ruptured plaques tend to revert to a more stable structure. The identified loci are candidate targets to accelerate the pace of carotid plaque stabilization.
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