FGF21 mimetic agonist antibody bFKB1 attenuates pre-existent metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1074673 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:- Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is considered a promising target for treatment of obesity-associated metabolic diseases including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and atherosclerosis. Here, we evaluated the effects of a humanized bispecific anti-FGFR1/KLB agonist antibody (bFKB1) that specifically targets FGFR1c and β-klotho, in a translational preclinical model that develops MASH and atherosclerosis. - Methods: Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks, after which mice were treated with an isotype control antibody or bFKB1 for 12 weeks. Effects on pre-existent MASH and atherosclerosis were assessed histopathologically and biochemically. Underlying mechanisms of bFKB1 treatment were investigated by hepatic transcriptomics analysis (NGS). Results: bFKB1 lowered body weight and adipose tissue mass without reducing food intake. bFKB1 intervention reduced plasma insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, ALT and liver weight. liver steatosis, inflammation and NAS score were significantly lowered. Histological measurement of fibrosis was not significantly affected by the treatment, but new collagen formation was significantly inhibited by bFKB1. Correspondingly, hepatic inflammatory and profibrotic transcriptional programs were broadly inactivated by the treatment. In epididymal white adipose tissue, bFKB1 intervention reduced adipocyte size and inflammation and induced browning, signified by increased UCP1 expression. In the vasculature, bFKB1 had anti-atherogenic effects, lowering total atherosclerotic lesion area, that could be attributed to a reduction In severe type V lesions. - Conclusion: The bispecific anti-FGFR1/KLB agonist antibody bFKB1 has strong beneficial metabolic effects in HFD-fed Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice that are associated with a reduction in liver steatosis, inflammation and atherosclerosis. Liver fibrosis was not affected, yet analysis of new collagen formation and profibrotic transcriptional programs indicate that bFKB1 treatment may have antifibrotic potential in a longer treatment duration, consistent with a recent clinical study using a FGF21 mimetic.
2025-01-01 | GSE255321 | GEO
Project description:Abstract. Background and aims: Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is an antidiabetic medication that has recently been approved for treatment of obesity as well. Semaglutide is also postulated to be a promising candidate for treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here, we evaluated the effects of semaglutide in a translational diet-induced model with advanced NASH and fibrosis. Methods: Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice received a fast food diet (FFD) for 25 weeks, followed by another 12 weeks on FFD with daily subcutaneously injections of semaglutide or vehicle (control). Plasma parameters were evaluated, livers and hearts were examined and hepatic transcriptome analysis was performed. Results: In the liver, semaglutide significantly reduced macrovesicular steatosis (-74%, p<0.001), inflammation (-73%, p<0.001) and completely abolished microvesicular steatosis (-100%, p<0.001). Histological and biochemical assessment of hepatic fibrosis showed no significant effects of semaglutide. However, digital pathology revealed significant improvements in the degree of collagen fiber reticulation (-12%, p<0.001). Semaglutide did not affect atherosclerosis relative to controls. Additionally, we compared the transcriptome profile of FFD-fed Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice with a human gene set that differentiates human NASH patients with severe fibrosis from those with mild fibrosis. In FFD-fed Ldlr-/-.Leiden control mice, this gene set was upregulated as well, while semaglutide predominantly reversed this gene expression. Conclusions: Using a translational model with advanced NASH, we demonstrated that semaglutide is a promising candidate with particular potential for treatment of hepatic steatosis and inflammation, while for reversal of advanced fibrosis, combinations with other NASH agents may be necessary.
2023-08-01 | GSE226496 | GEO
Project description:Semaglutide has beneficial effects on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice
| PRJNA940436 | ENA
Project description:Abstract: Interruption of bile acid recirculation through inhibition of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) is a promising strategy to alleviate hepatic cholesterol accumulation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and improve the metabolic aspects of the disease. Putative disease-attenuating effects of the ASBT inhibitor volixibat (5, 15, and 30 mg/kg) were investigated in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice over 24 weeks. Plasma and fecal bile acid levels, plasma insulin, lipids, and liver enzymes were monitored. Final analyses included liver histology, intrahepatic lipids, mesenteric white adipose tissue mass, and liver gene profiling. Consistent with its mechanism of action, volixibat significantly increased total bile acid excretion. At the highest dose, volixibat significantly attenuated the HFD-induced increase in hepatocyte hypertrophy, hepatic triglyceride and cholesteryl ester levels, and mesenteric white adipose tissue deposition, while total plasma bile acid levels remained constant. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score was significantly lower in volixibat-treated mice than in the HFD controls. Gene profiling showed that volixibat reversed the inhibitory effect of the HFD on metabolic master regulators, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1β, insulin receptor, and sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2. Volixibat may have beneficial effects on physiological and metabolic aspects of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis pathophysiology.
2019-06-07 | GSE129306 | GEO
Project description:Abstract Obesity has been linked to vascular dysfunction, cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. However, experimental models that recapitulate brain pathology in relation to obesity and vascular dysfunction are still lacking. In this study we performed the histological and histochemical characterization of brains from Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice, an established model for obesity and associated vascular disease. 18 week-old and 50 week-old Ldlr-/-.Leiden male mice were compared with age-matched C57BL/6J mice. We then assessed the effect of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on brain pathology in Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice and tested whether a treatment with an anti-complement component 5 antibody, a terminal complement pathway inhibitor recently shown to reduce vascular disease, can attenuate neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Histological analyses were complemented with Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analyses of the hippocampus to unravel molecular pathways underlying brain histopathology. We show that Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice have more severe neurodegeneration and show an age-dependent astrogliosis that is not observed in age-matched C57BL/6J controls. This was substantiated by pathway enrichment analysis using the NGS data which showed that oxidative phosphorylation, EIF2 signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways, all associated with neurodegeneration, were significantly altered in the hippocampus of Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice compared with controls. Obesity-inducing HFD-feeding did not aggravate neurodegeneration and astrogliosis. However, brains from HFD-fed Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice showed reduced IBA-1 immunoreactivity and increased CD68 immunoreactivity compared with chow-fed controls, indicating an altered overall microglial immunophenotype by HFD feeding. The systemic administration of an anti-C5 treatment partially restored the HFD effect on microglial immunophenotype. In addition, NGS data of hippocampi from Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice showed that HFD affected multiple molecular pathways: HFD notably inactivated synaptogenesis and activated neuroinflammation pathways. The anti-C5 treatment restored the HFD-induced effect on molecular pathways to a large extent. This study shows that the Ldlr-/-.Leiden mouse model is suitable to study brain histopathology and associated biological processes in a context of obesity and provides evidence of the potential therapeutic value of anti-complement therapy against obesity-induced neuroinflammation.
2023-06-18 | GSE234425 | GEO
Project description:Title: White adipose tissue inflammation and gut permeability develop prior to NASH development, associated with increased oxidative stress, intrahepatic diacylglycerol and proinflammatory chemokines in the liver of diet-induced obese and hyperinsulinemic Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice Abstract: NAFLD progression from simple steatosis to NASH and fibrosis is driven by an intricate interplay between molecular and cellular mechanisms. These drivers are not limited to the liver itself but also white adipose tissue and gut may contribute. Current knowledge on these drivers is mostly based on studies that investigate these at a single time point (typically end-stage disease). However, such studies provide no insight into the temporal dynamics and chronology, which therefore remain poorly understood. Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity-associated NAFLD and compared to lean controls fed chow. Groups of mice were sacrificed after 8, 16, 28 and 38 weeks to study liver, white adipose tissue, gut and circulating factors to investigate the sequence of pathogenic events in these critical metabolically active organs as well as organ-crosstalk during NAFLD development. Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice on a HFD develop obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, essentially as observed in obese NASH patients, in this translational context WAT and gut dysfunction precede the development of NASH and liver fibrosis.
2023-03-20 | GSE209762 | GEO
Project description:Study gene expression changes in M1 and M2 macrophages and APs in visceral adipose tissue in diet-induced obese mice following cold exposure or administration of FGF21-mimetic antibody
2018-12-31 | GSE112396 | GEO
Project description:Apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter inhibition with volixibat improves metabolic aspects and components of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice
| PRJNA530775 | ENA
Project description:Background: Chronic inflammation is an important driver in the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and atherosclerosis. The complement system, one of the first lines of defense in innate immunity, has been implicated in both diseases. However, the potential therapeutic value of complement inhibition in the ongoing disease remains unclear. Methods: After 20 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, obese Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice were treated twice a week with an established anti-C5 antibody (BB5.1) or vehicle control. A separate group of mice was kept on a chow diet as a healthy reference. After 12 weeks of treatment, NASH was analyzed histopathologically, and genome-wide hepatic gene expression was analyzed by next-generation sequencing and pathway analysis. Atherosclerotic lesion area and severity were quantified histopathologically in the aortic roots. Results: Anti-C5 treatment considerably reduced complement system activity in plasma and MAC deposition in the liver but did not affect NASH. Anti-C5 did, however, reduce the development of atherosclerosis, limiting the total lesion size and severity independently of an effect on plasma cholesterol but with reductions in oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Conclusion: We show, for the first time, that treatment with an anti-C5 antibody in advanced stages of NASH is not sufficient to reduce the disease, while therapeutic intervention against established atherosclerosis is beneficial to limit further progression.
2022-09-19 | GSE195614 | GEO
Project description:Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is an antidiabetic medication that has recently been approved for the treatment of obesity as well. Semaglutide is postulated to be a promising candidate for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here, Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice received a fast-food diet (FFD) for 25 weeks, followed by another 12 weeks on FFD with daily subcutaneous injections of semaglutide or vehicle (control). Plasma parameters were evaluated, livers and hearts were examined, and hepatic transcriptome analysis was performed. In the liver, semaglutide significantly reduced macrovesicular steatosis (-74%, p < 0.001) and inflammation (-73%, p < 0.001) and completely abolished microvesicular steatosis (-100%, p < 0.001). Histological and biochemical assessment of hepatic fibrosis showed no significant effects of semaglutide. However, digital pathology revealed significant improvements in the degree of collagen fiber reticulation (-12%, p < 0.001). Semaglutide did not affect atherosclerosis relative to controls. Additionally, we compared the transcriptome profile of FFD-fed Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice with a human gene set that differentiates human NASH patients with severe fibrosis from those with mild fibrosis. In FFD-fed Ldlr-/-.Leiden control mice, this gene set was upregulated as well, while semaglutide predominantly reversed this gene expression. Using a translational model with advanced NASH, we demonstrated that semaglutide is a promising candidate with particular potential for the treatment of hepatic steatosis and inflammation, while for the reversal of advanced fibrosis, combinations with other NASH agents may be necessary.
| S-EPMC10218334 | biostudies-literature