Project description:The transcriptome profile was examined in four wheat genotypes in roots and shoots under nitrogen stressed condition which indicates genotype specific transcript data-set apart from the common transcripts. Unique genes was identified for nitrogen uptake and utilization process. We used microarrays to detail the gene expression and identify the candidate genes related to uptake and utilization of nitrogen in root and shoot tissues of wheat genotypes.
Project description:A complex regulatory network is the mechanism of wheat roots responding to drought stress at low and adequate phosphorus levels. The transcription levels of genes encoding silicon transporters, phosphate transporters, sucrose synthesis, etc., are mostly up-regulated in Xindong20. The genes encoding the electron transport chain and the respiratory chain are mostly down-regulated in Xindong23. These results suggest that wheat roots should maintain the structural integrity of the cells and reduce the energy metabolism during the coupled stress of drought and low phosphorus, which will help to improve the drought tolerance of wheat. The objective of the present data was to increase the information about the effect of drought on the transcriptomes of wheat root cultured by two phosphorus levels.
Project description:Nitrogen is the most important mineral nutrient of plant. As a worldwide and economically important vegetable, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) has a strong nitrogen-dependence. We took whole transcriptome sequencing approach to compare the gene expression profiles of cucumber leaves and roots grown under sufficient or insufficient nitrate supply. Analysis of the transcriptome data revealed that the root and leaf adapt different response mechanisms to long-term nitrogen deficiency. Photosynthesis and carbohydrate biosynthetic process were pronouncedly and specifically reduced in leaf, while the ion transport function, cell wall and phosphorus-deficiency response function seem systematically down-regulated in root. Genes in nitrogen uptake and assimilation are decreased in root, but some are increased in leaf under nitrogen deficiency. Several lines of evidence suggest that the altered gene expression networks support the basic cucumber growth and development likely through successful nitrogen remobilization involving in the induced expression of genes in ABA and ethylene pathways.
Project description:Abiotic stress causes disturbances in the cellular homeostasis. Re-adjustment of balance in carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism therefore plays a central role in stress adaptation. However, it is currently unknown which parts of the primary cell metabolism follow common patterns under different stress conditions and which represent specific responses. To address these questions, changes in transcriptome, metabolome and ionome were analyzed in maize source leaves from plants suffering low temperature, low nitrogen (N) and low phosphorus (P) stress. The selection of maize as study object provided data directly from an important crop species and the so far underexplored C4 metabolism. Growth retardation was comparable under all tested stress conditions. The only primary metabolic pathway responding similar to all stresses was nitrate assimilation, which was down-regulated. The largest group of commonly regulated transcripts followed the expression pattern: down under low temperature and low N, but up under low P. Several members of this transcript cluster could be connected to P metabolism and correlated negatively to different phosphate concentration in the leaf tissue. Accumulation of starch under low temperature and low N stress, but decrease in starch levels under low under low P conditions indicated that only low P treated leaves suffered carbon starvation. In conclusion, maize employs very different strategies for management of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism under stress. While nitrate assimilation was regulated depending on demand by growth processes, phosphate concentrations changed depending on availability, thus building up reserves under excess conditions. Carbon and energy metabolism of the C4 maize leaves were particularly sensitive to P starvation.
Project description:Abiotic stress causes disturbances in the cellular homeostasis. Re-adjustment of balance in carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism therefore plays a central role in stress adaptation. However, it is currently unknown which parts of the primary cell metabolism follow common patterns under different stress conditions and which represent specific responses. To address these questions, changes in transcriptome, metabolome and ionome were analyzed in maize source leaves from plants suffering low temperature, low nitrogen (N) and low phosphorus (P) stress. The selection of maize as study object provided data directly from an important crop species and the so far underexplored C4 metabolism. Growth retardation was comparable under all tested stress conditions. The only primary metabolic pathway responding similar to all stresses was nitrate assimilation, which was down-regulated. The largest group of commonly regulated transcripts followed the expression pattern: down under low temperature and low N, but up under low P. Several members of this transcript cluster could be connected to P metabolism and correlated negatively to different phosphate concentration in the leaf tissue. Accumulation of starch under low temperature and low N stress, but decrease in starch levels under low under low P conditions indicated that only low P treated leaves suffered carbon starvation. In conclusion, maize employs very different strategies for management of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism under stress. While nitrate assimilation was regulated depending on demand by growth processes, phosphate concentrations changed depending on availability, thus building up reserves under excess conditions. Carbon and energy metabolism of the C4 maize leaves were particularly sensitive to P starvation. Responses of maize source leaves to low temperature, low nitrogen and low phosphorus conditions were tested in independent single-stress experiments. Seedlings were cultivated in pots containing nutrient-poor peat soil under the controlled conditions of a growth chamber. The plants were fertilized with modified Hoagland solutions, containing 15mM KNO3 and 0.5mM KH2PO4 for control conditions; for low N and low P treatment, the nutrient concentrations were reduced to 0.15mM KNO3 and 0.1mM KH2PO4, respectively. Low temperature treated plants were always supplied with control nutrient solution. Plants from the nitrogen and phosphorus experiment as well as the control temperature plants were exposed to 28°C during the day and 20°C during the night. Low temperature treatment was limited to the night period and was reduced to 4°C for the 10h dark period. Source leaf lamina were harvested at day 20 (low temperature experiment) or day 30 after start of germination (low nitrogen and low phosphorus experiment) for parallel analysis of transcriptome, metabolome and ion profiles. The molecular data is further supplemented by phenotypic characterization of the maize seedlings under investigation.
Project description:Nitrogen is the most important mineral nutrient of plant. As a worldwide and economically important vegetable, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) has a strong nitrogen-dependence. We took whole transcriptome sequencing approach to compare the gene expression profiles of cucumber leaves and roots grown under sufficient or insufficient nitrate supply. Analysis of the transcriptome data revealed that the root and leaf adapt different response mechanisms to long-term nitrogen deficiency. Photosynthesis and carbohydrate biosynthetic process were pronouncedly and specifically reduced in leaf, while the ion transport function, cell wall and phosphorus-deficiency response function seem systematically down-regulated in root. Genes in nitrogen uptake and assimilation are decreased in root, but some are increased in leaf under nitrogen deficiency. Several lines of evidence suggest that the altered gene expression networks support the basic cucumber growth and development likely through successful nitrogen remobilization involving in the induced expression of genes in ABA and ethylene pathways. cucumber leaf and root mRNA of 28-day after sowing nitrogen deficiency and sufficiency deep sequencing, using Illumina HiSeq 2000
Project description:Proton toxicity is one of the major environmental stresses limiting crop production, and becomes increasingly serious because of anthropogenic activities. To understand acid tolerance mechanisms, the plant growth, mineral nutrient accumulation and global transcriptome changes in soybean (Glycine max) in response to long-term acid stress were investigated. Results showed that acid stress significantly inhibited soybean root growth, but exhibited slight effects on the shoot growth. Moreover, concentrations of essential mineral nutrients were significantly affected by acid stress, mainly dependent on soybean organs and mineral nutrient types. The concentrations of phosphorus (P) and molybdenum (Mo) in both leaves and roots, nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) in roots and magnesium (Mg) in leaves were significantly decreased, respectively. Whereas, the concentrations of calcium (Ca), sulfate (S) and iron (Fe) were increased in both leaves and roots. Transcriptome analyses in soybean roots resulted in identifying 419 up-regulated and 555 down-regulated genes under acid conditions. A total of 38 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in mineral nutrient transportation. Among them, all the detected five GmPTs and GmZIPs, two GmAMTs and GmKUP genes, together with GmIRT1, GmNramp5, GmVIT2.1, GmSKOR, GmTPK5 and GmHKT1, were significantly suppressed. Moreover, the genes encoding transcription factors (e.g., GmSTOP2s and a GmPHL1), and genes involved in pH stat metabolic pathways were significantly up-regulated by low pH stress in soybean roots. Taken together, it strongly suggested that maintaining pH stat and mineral nutrient homeostasis are adaptive strategies of soybean responses to acid stress, which might be regulated by a complex signaling network.
Project description:We used microarrays to detail the Triticum aestivum response to T34 in the presence of different CN concentrations as nitrogen source. Affymdetrix wheat genome array (platform GPL3802) was used.