Unveiling the Temporal Dynamics of Mesenchymal Condensations in Tracheal Development through Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling and Notum
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1082737 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The trachea is essential for proper airflow to the lungs for gas exchange. Frequent congenital tracheal malformations affect the cartilage, causing the collapse of the central airway during the respiratory cycle. We have shown that Notum, a Wnt ligand de-acylase that attenuates the canonical branch of the Wnt signaling pathway, is necessary for cartilaginous mesenchymal condensations. In Notum deficient tracheas, chondrogenesis is delayed, and the trachea is stenotic. It is unknown if Notum attenuates non-canonical Wnt signaling. Notably, after mesenchymal deletion of the non-canonical Wnt5a ligand, we observed premature tracheal chondrogenesis. We hypothesize that Notum and Wnt5a are required to mediate the timely formation of mesenchymal condensations, giving rise to the tracheal cartilage. Ex vivo culture of tracheal tissue shows that chemical inhibition of the Wnt non-canonical pathway promotes earlier condensations, while Notum inhibition presents delayed condensations. Furthermore, non-canonical Wnt induction prevents the formation of cartilaginous mesenchymal condensations. On the other hand, cell-cell interactions among chondroblasts increased in the absence of mesenchymal Wnt5a. By performing an unbiased analysis of the gene expression in Wnt5a and Notum deficient tracheas, we detected that mRNA of genes essential for chondrogenesis and extracellular matrix formation are upregulated by E11.5 in Wnt5a mutants. The expression profile supports the premature and delayed chondrogenesis observed in Wnt5a and Notum deficient tracheas. We conclude that Notum and Wnt5a are necessary for proper tracheal cartilage patterning by coordinating timely chondrogenesis. Thus, these studies shed light on molecular mechanisms underlying congenital anomalies of the trachea.
2025-02-28 | GSE260707 | GEO
Project description:WNT activated signal transduction is a conserved regulator of morphogenesis of many organ systems, including the placenta. In human trophoblast stem (TS) cells, activation of canonical WNT signaling is a key to maintenance of the TS cell stem state. NOTUM, a negative regulator of canonical WNT signaling, was prominently expressed in first trimester EVT cells developing in situ and upregulated in EVT cells derived from human TS cells. Furthermore, NOTUM was required for human TS cell differentiation to EVT cells. Canonical WNT signaling is essential for maintaining human trophoblast cell stemness and prevention of human TS cell differentiation. Downregulation of canonical WNT signaling via the actions of NOTUM is required for EVT cell differentiation.
2024-03-06 | GSE206035 | GEO
Project description:WNT activated signal transduction is a conserved regulator of morphogenesis of many organ systems, including the placenta. In human trophoblast stem (TS) cells, activation of canonical WNT signaling is a key to maintenance of the TS cell stem state. NOTUM, a negative regulator of canonical WNT signaling, was prominently expressed in first trimester EVT cells developing in situ and upregulated in EVT cells derived from human TS cells. Furthermore, NOTUM was required for human TS cell differentiation to EVT cells. Canonical WNT signaling is essential for maintaining human trophoblast cell stemness and prevention of human TS cell differentiation. Downregulation of canonical WNT signaling via the actions of NOTUM is required for EVT cell differentiation.
2024-03-06 | GSE206034 | GEO
Project description:NOTUM-MEDIATED WNT SILENCING DRIVES EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST CELL LINEAGE DEVELOPMENT [Notum knockdown]
| PRJNA848824 | ENA
Project description:Notum is a carboxylesterase that suppresses Wnt signaling through deacylation of an essential palmitoleate group on Wnt proteins. There is a growing understanding of the role Notum plays in human disease such as colorectal cancer and Alzheimer’s disease supporting the need to discover improved inhibitors, especially for use in models of neurodegeneration. Here, we describe the discovery and profile of 8I (ARUK3001185) as a potent, selective and brain pentrant inhibitor of Notum activity suitable for oral dosing in rodent models of disease. Crystallographic fragment screening of the Diamond-SGC Poised Library for binding to Notum, supported by a biochemical enzyme assay to rank inhibition activity, identifed a pair of outstanding hits. Fragment development of these delivered 8I that restored Wnt signaling in the presence of Notum in a cell-based reporter assay. Assessment in proteomic and pharmacology screens showed 8I to be selective against serine hydrolases, kinases and drug targets.
2022-06-09 | PXD031338 | Pride
Project description:We identified human NOTUM, a new member of beta-catenin target gene. The aim of this analysis is to examine downstream genes of NOTUM. Keywords: Gene expression analysis in response to RNA interference HepG2 cells with RNAi duplexed were used. One control (control-low GC) and 2 RNAi duplexes (NOTUM RNAi#1 and #2) for NOTUM silencing were added to HepG2 cells, and total RNAs were isolated at 72 hours after transfection.
2011-03-15 | E-GEOD-6368 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) is a common congenital disorder in which the cartilaginous rings of the trachea are weakened or missing. Despite the high prevalence and clinical issues associated with TBM, the etiology is largely unknown. Our previous studies demonstrated that Wntless (Wls) and its associated Wnt pathways are critical for patterning of the upper airways. Deletion of Wls in respiratory endoderm caused TBM and ectopic trachealis muscle. To understand mechanisms by which Wls mediates tracheal patterning, we performed RNA sequencing in prechondrogenic tracheal tissue of Wlsf/f;ShhCre/wt embryos. Chondrogenic Bmp4, and Sox9 were decreased, while expression of myogenic genes was increased. We identified Notum, a deacylase that inactivates Wnt ligands, as a target of Wls induced Wnt signaling. Notum's mesenchymal ventral expression in prechondrogenic trachea overlaps with expression of Axin2, a Wnt/β-catenin target and inhibitor. Notum is induced by Wnt/β-catenin in developing trachea. Deletion of Notum activated mesenchymal Wnt/β-catenin and caused tracheal mispatterning of trachealis muscle and cartilage as well as tracheal stenosis. Notum is required for tracheal morphogenesis, influencing mesenchymal condensations critical for patterning of tracheal cartilage and muscle. We propose that Notum influences mesenchymal cell differentiation by generating a barrier for Wnt ligands produced and secreted by airway epithelial cells to attenuate Wnt signaling.
| S-EPMC5889736 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Notumis a direct target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and plays a crucial role as a Wnt inhibitor within a negative feedback loop. In the tooth, Notum is known to be expressed in odontoblasts, and severe dentin defects and irregular tooth roots have been reported in Notum-deficient mice. However, the precise expression pattern of Notum in early tooth development, and the role of Notum in crown and root patterns remain elusive. In the present study, we identified a novel Notum expression in primary enamel knot (EK), secondary EKs, and dental papilla during tooth development. Notum-deficient mice exhibited enlarged secondary EKs, resulting in broader cusp tips, altered cusp patterns, and reduced concavity in crown outline. These alterations in crown outline led to a reduction in cervical tongue length, thereby inducing root fusion in Notum-deficient mice. Overall, these results suggest that the size of secondary EK size, regulated by the Wnt/Notum negative feedback loop, has a significant impact on the patterns of crown and root during tooth morphogenesis.
2024-06-10 | GSE255946 | GEO
Project description:We identified human NOTUM, a new member of beta-catenin target gene. The aim of this analysis is to examine downstream genes of NOTUM. Keywords: Gene expression analysis in response to RNA interference
2011-03-15 | GSE6368 | GEO
Project description:Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of genetic pertubations induced in Drosophila notum by the over-expression of the transcription factors Achaete, Asense, E(spl)m3-HLH and Senseless. Transient over-expression of GFP (control), Achaete (Ac), Senseless (Sens), Asense (Ase) and E(spl)m3-HLH transcription factors in Drosophila notum using sca-Gal4, tub-Gal80ts. Transcription factorshave been over-expressed alone or in combinations. Three biological replicates were performed for each conditions.
2014-01-01 | E-GEOD-53010 | biostudies-arrayexpress