AMPK activation in response to hepatitis E virus infection inhibited viral replication by attenuating autophagosome and promoting innate immunity
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1091941 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Background & Aims: Other than hepatitis B or C virus infection, Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is generally asymptomatic or leads to acute and self-limiting hepatitis. However, the mechanism of host cell defense against HEV is unclear. Viruses are known to perturb host cellular metabolism to enable their replication and spread. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation is crucial for the regulation of cell homeostasis. We thus investigated the role of AMPK in HEV infection. Methods: Huh7, THP1 and HepG2 cells inoculated with infectious HEV viral particle or Huh7 and organoids transfected with in vitro generated subgenomic or full-length GT3 (Kernow-C1 p6 strain) HEV RNA, namely, p6Luc or p6 were used to model HEV infection. Viral replication and genes expression were quantified. Activation of AMPK, innate immune response and autophagy process were assessed. Results: We found HEV infection can trigger AMPK activation by phosphorylation of AMPK at threonine 172 by transfecting HEV viral RNA into host cells or inoculating host cells with infectious HEV viral particle. The activation of AMPK is associated with HEV induced mitochondrial damage and ATP deficiency. Pharmacological activation of AMPK using 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) attenuated HEV replication, which was reversed by an AMPK inhibitor (compound C). Lentivirus-mediated knockdown of AMPK provided further evidence that AMPK has an antiviral effect on HEV replication. These results suggested that AMPK activation is a potent strategy of host cells for HEV clearance. Consistent with its antiviral effect, AMPK activation potentiated the expression of genes with antiviral properties (e.g., IFNs, ISG15, and IRF9) and inhibited inflammatory response (e.g., NF-KB NLRP3 and IL-1β). Meanwhile, HEV and activated AMPK also decreased autophagosome accumulation by decreasing induction of autophagy and autophagic degradation. Consistently, we found inhibition of AMPK efficiently augmented HEV induced autophagosome accumulation, evidenced by a marked increase in LC3II. Our previous study showed that rapamycin, an activator of autophagic induction by inhibiting mTOR, and Bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of autophagic degradation, has a potent pro-HEV effect under AICAR treatment. Moreover, Wortmannin inhibiting autophagic induction recover AMPK inhibitor induced HEV replication. Together, these results suggested that HEV induced AMPK activation can serve to protect HEV infected cells from HEV infection by attenuating autophagosome and promoting innate immunity. Conclusions: Here we show that HEV infection can activate AMPK phosphorylation, which attenuates autophagosome accumulation and increases innate immune signaling. Thus, the AMPK activation in response to HEV infection is critical in host cells for rapid viral clearance by coordinating autophagic process and establishing persistent antiviral immunity.
2024-03-31 | GSE262469 | GEO
Project description:AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) stabilizes tubular cell metabolism and protects against renal fibrosis through promoting autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is the key regulator for AMPK activation. However, the direct activators of LKB1 are scarce in commercial. In this study, we report a novel LKB1 activator, the piericidin analogue S14 (PA-S14), which was isolated from the culture broth of a marine-derived Streptomyces strain by our group. PA-S14 binds with residue D176 in LKB1 kinase domain, and then induces LKB1 phosphorylated activation and its complex formation with MO25 and STRADα. Furthermore, PA-S14 promotes AMPK activation to enhance LC3B-II/LC3B-I ratio, trigger autophagosome formation and increase autophagic flux. PA-S14 exhibits perfect protective effects on stabilizing mitochondrial homeostasis, inhibiting tubular cell senescence, and retarding fibrogenesis in various CKD models (UUO, UIRI and adriamycin nephropathy models) and TGF-β-stimulated tubular cell culture. Transcriptomics sequencing and site-specific mutation analysis further prove that PA-S14 is a novel lead compound of LKB1 activator, which perfectly protects against renal fibrosis through inducing AMPK-mediated autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis.
2022-10-26 | GSE193072 | GEO
Project description:AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) stabilizes tubular cell metabolism and protects against renal fibrosis through promoting autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is the key regulator for AMPK activation. However, the direct activators of LKB1 are scarce in commercial. In this study, we report a novel LKB1 activator, the piericidin analogue S14 (PA-S14), which was isolated from the culture broth of a marine-derived Streptomyces strain by our group. PA-S14 binds with residue D176 in LKB1 kinase domain, and then induces LKB1 phosphorylated activation and its complex formation with MO25 and STRADα. Furthermore, PA-S14 promotes AMPK activation to enhance LC3B-II/LC3B-I ratio, trigger autophagosome formation and increase autophagic flux. PA-S14 exhibits perfect protective effects on stabilizing mitochondrial homeostasis, inhibiting tubular cell senescence, and retarding fibrogenesis in various CKD models (UUO, UIRI and adriamycin nephropathy models) and TGF-β-stimulated tubular cell culture. Transcriptomics sequencing and site-specific mutation analysis further prove that PA-S14 is a novel lead compound of LKB1 activator, which perfectly protects against renal fibrosis through inducing AMPK-mediated autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis.
2022-10-26 | GSE193067 | GEO
Project description:The energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can activate autophagy when cellular energy production becomes compromised. However, the degree to which nutrient sensing impinges on the autophagosome closure remains unknown. Here, we provide the mechanism underlying a plant unique protein FREE1, upon autophagy-induced SnRK1α1-mediated phosphorylation, functions as a linkage between ATG conjugation system and ESCRT machinery to regulate the autophagosome closure upon nutrient deprivation. Using high-resolution microscopy, 3D-electron tomography, and protease protection assay, we showed that unclosed autophagosomes accumulated in free1 mutants. Proteomic, cellular and biochemical analysis revealed the mechanistic connection between FREE1 and the ATG conjugation system/ESCRT-III complex in regulating autophagosome closure. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that the evolutionary conserved plant energy sensor SnRK1α1 phosphorylates FREE1 and recruits it to the autophagosomes to promote closure. Mutagenesis of the phosphorylation site on FREE1 caused the autophagosome closure failure. Our findings unveil how cellular energy sensing pathways regulate autophagosome closure to maintain cellular homeostasis.
2023-03-30 | PXD040435 | Pride
Project description:Crizotinib, a widely used dual ALK/MET/ROS1 inhibitor, have been seriously limited due to cardiac adverse effects. Here, we found that crizotinib caused left ventricular dysfunction, structural damage and pathological remodeling in mice and induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial injury. Here, we demonstrated that crizotinib lead to aberrant accumulation of MET protein by interrupting autophagosome-lysosome fusion and knockdown of MET expression or re-activating autophagy flux rescued the cardiomyocytes death and mitochondrial injury caused by crizotinib. We identified that inhibition of the phosphorylation of AMPKSer485/491 reduced the transcriptional level of genes required for autophagosome-lysosome fusion by inhibiting the nuclear localization of FoxO1. Recovering the phosphorylation of AMPKSer485/491 by AAV-mediated overexpression of the AMPK (T485D) or metformin treatment rescued the cardiotoxicity caused by crizotinib.
2023-12-31 | GSE210150 | GEO
Project description:Sonntag2012 - mTOR model - IRS dependent regulation of AMPK by insulin
TSC1-TSC2 complex has two states: 1)
active (TSC1_TSC2_pS1387), regulated by AMPK_pT172; 2) inactive
(TSC1_TSC2_pT1462) regulated by Akt_pT308. Particularly, mTORC1 is
inhibited by TSC1_TSC2 in active state. AMPK is activated at T172
by the species IRS1_p activated by the insulin receptor upon
insulin stimulation. Consequently, AMPK_pT172 is inhibited by
mTORC1_pS2448 indirectly by the p70-S6K-negative feedback loop.
This model is described in the article:
A modelling-experimental
approach reveals insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-dependent
regulation of adenosine monosphosphate-dependent kinase (AMPK)
by insulin.
Sonntag AG, Dalle Pezze P, Shanley
DP, Thedieck K.
FEBS J. 2012 Sep; 279(18):
3314-3328
Abstract:
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase responds to
growth factors, nutrients and cellular energy status and is a
central controller of cellular growth. mTOR exists in two
multiprotein complexes that are embedded into a complex
signalling network. Adenosine monophosphate-dependent kinase
(AMPK) is activated by energy deprivation and shuts off
adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-consuming anabolic processes,
in part via the inactivation of mTORC1. Surprisingly, we
observed that AMPK not only responds to energy deprivation but
can also be activated by insulin, and is further induced in
mTORC1-deficient cells. We have recently modelled the mTOR
network, covering both mTOR complexes and their insulin and
nutrient inputs. In the present study we extended the network
by an AMPK module to generate the to date most comprehensive
data-driven dynamic AMPK-mTOR network model. In order to define
the intersection via which AMPK is activated by the insulin
network, we compared simulations for six different hypothetical
model structures to our observed AMPK dynamics. Hypotheses
ranking suggested that the most probable intersection between
insulin and AMPK was the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and
that the effects of canonical IRS downstream cues on AMPK would
be mediated via an mTORC1-driven negative-feedback loop. We
tested these predictions experimentally in multiple set-ups,
where we inhibited or induced players along the insulin-mTORC1
signalling axis and observed AMPK induction or inhibition. We
confirmed the identified model and therefore report a novel
connection within the insulin-mTOR-AMPK network: we conclude
that AMPK is positively regulated by IRS and can be inhibited
via the negative-feedback loop.
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2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000580 | BioModels
Project description:Energy homeostasis plays a key role in retarding aging, and mitochondria are responsible for energy production.AMPK plays a central role in maintaining energy homeostasis and mitochondrial homeostasis, and commands autophagy, a clearing and recycling process to maintain cellular homeostasis. However, the effect of AMPK activators on kidney aging has not been fully elucidated. We testified the effects of O304, a novel direct AMPK activator, in naturally aging mice model and D-galactose (D-gal)-treated renal tubular cell culture. We identified that O304 perfectly protects against cellular senescence and aged-related fibrosis in kidneys. Also, O304 restored energy metabolism, promoted autophagy, and preserved mitochondrial homeostasis. Transcriptomic sequencing also proved that O304 induced fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP process, and downregulated cell aging, DNA damage response and collagen organization. All these results suggest that O304 has a strong potential to retard aged kidney injury through regulating AMPK-induced multiple pathways.
2022-01-27 | GSE192512 | GEO
Project description:Emerging evidence indicates that metabolic dysregulation drives prostate cancer (PCa) progression and metastasis. AMPK is a master regulator of metabolism although its role in PCa remains unclear. Here we show that genetic and pharmacological activation of AMPK provides a dramatic protective effect on PCa progression in vivo. We show that AMPK activation induces PGC1a expression leading to a catabolic metabolic reprogramming of PCa cells. This catabolic state is characterised by increased mitochondrial gene expression, increased fatty acid oxidation, decreased lipogenic potential, decreased cell proliferation and decreased cell invasiveness. Together, these changes inhibit PCa disease progression. Additionally, we identify a gene network that is inhibited by AMPK activation involved in cell cycle regulation. We show correlation between this gene network and PGC1a expression in human PCa. Taken together our findings strongly support the use of AMPK activators for clinical treatment of PCa.
2023-10-26 | GSE214601 | GEO
Project description:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a tremendous and growing burden on the healthcare system and new therapies are needed to prevent or slow disease progression. Metabolic dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction are important features of acute and chronic tissue injury across species, and human genetics and preclinical data suggest that the master metabolic regulator 5'-adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) may be an effective therapeutic target for CKD. Merck has recently disclosed a pan-AMPK activator MK-8722 which was shown to have beneficial effects on metabolic parameters in preclinical models. In this study we investigate the effects of MK-8722 in a progressive model of diabetic nephropathy to determine whether activation of AMPK would be of therapeutic benefit. We find that MK-8722 administration in a therapeutic paradigm is profoundly reno-protective. We provide evidence that the therapeutic effects may be mediated by modulation of renal mitochondrial quality control as well as by attenuating fibrotic and lipotoxic mechanisms in kidney cells. These data further validate the concept that targeting metabolic dysregulation in CKD could be a potential therapeutic approach.
2019-07-25 | GSE134804 | GEO
Project description:AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a major regulator of cellular energy homeostasis that coordinates metabolic pathways in order to balance nutrient supply with energy demand. AMPK elicits acute and diverse metabolic effects by directly phosphorylating various targets. AMPK activation also promotes metabolic reprogramming in longer term via effects on gene expression. The aim of this study is to elucidate molecular mechanism(s) by which AMPK activation modulates metabolic adaptation through its impact on gene regulation.
2019-03-04 | GSE104170 | GEO