Project description:Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder for which a definitive cure is still missing. This is characterized by an overwhelming inflammatory milieu in the colonic tract where a composite set of immune and non-immune cells orchestrate its pathogenesis. Over the last years, a growing body of evidence has been pinpointing gut virome dysbiosis as underlying its progression. Nonetheless, its role during the early phases of chronic inflammation is far from being fully defined. Here we show the gut virome-associated Hepatitis B virus protein X, most likely acquired after an event of zoonotic spillover, to be associated with the early stages of ulcerative colitis and to induce colonic inflammation in mice. It acts as a transcriptional regulator in epithelial cells, provoking barrier leakage and altering mucosal immunity at the level of both innate and adaptive immunity. This study paves the way to the comprehension of the aetiopathogenesis of intestinal inflammation and encourages further investigations of the virome as a trigger also in other scenarios. Moreover, it provides a brand-new standpoint that looks at the virome as a target for tailored treatments, blocking the early phases of chronic inflammation and possibly leading to better disease management.
Project description:Transcript profiles of Heterobasion irregulare from different tissues and mycelium grown on different substrates were analyzed. The array probes were designed from gene models taken from the Joint Genome Institute (JGI, department of energy) Heterobasidion annosum genome sequence version 1. One aim of this study was to verify the expression of the automatically annotated gene models under various conditions. Another goal was to compare gene expression profiles from different tissues of Heterobasidion irregulare and from mycelium grown on liquid MMN medium, liquid medium amended with lignin or cellulose and on wood.
Project description:This study aims to explore the relationship between the respiratory virome, specifically bacteriophages, HERV and the host response in ARDS and to assess their value in predicting the prognosis of ARDS.
Project description:Transcript profiles of Heterobasion irregulare from different tissues and mycelium grown on different substrates were analyzed. The array probes were designed from gene models taken from the Joint Genome Institute (JGI, department of energy) Heterobasidion annosum genome sequence version 1. One aim of this study was to verify the expression of the automatically annotated gene models under various conditions. Another goal was to compare gene expression profiles from different tissues of Heterobasidion irregulare and from mycelium grown on liquid MMN medium, liquid medium amended with lignin or cellulose and on wood. The Heterobasidion annosum custom-exon expression array (4 x 72K) manufactured byRoche NimbleGen Systems Limited (Madison, WI) (http://www.nimblegen.com/products /exp/index.html) contained five independent, nonidentical, 60-mer probes per gene model coding sequence. For 12,199 of the 12,299 annotated protein-coding gene models probes could be designed. For 19 gene models no probes could be generated and 81 gene models shared all five probes with other gene models. Included in the array were 916 random 60-mer control probes and labelling controls. For 2032 randomly chosen gene models, technical duplicates were included on the array. We performed 18 hybridizations (NimbleGen) with samples derived from Heterobasidion irregulare fruiting bodies (four biological replicates) , from necrotic bark of pines inoculated with H. irregulare (21dpi; three biological replicates), from H. irregulare mycelium grown in liquid MMN medium (three biological replicates) as well as from H. irregulare grown on wood shavings from pine (four biological replicates), grown in liquid medium amended with lignin (2 biological replicates) and growth in liquid medium amended with cellulose from Spruce (2 biological replicates). Cultures were harvested after 3 weeks of incubation 22°C in darkness. All samples were labeled with Cy3.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE10058: Microarray assay of the genetic response of Picea abies to Heterobasidion annosum infection - Loop1 GSE10059: Microarray assay of the genetic response of Picea abies to Heterobasidion annosum infection - Loop2 The hypothesis of the experiment is that infected trees of high resistance express a wider variety of resistance genes than infected trees of low resistance, and that the level of expression of these resistance genes differs between infected and healthy branches. Also, some genes highly expressed in the infected state not expressed in the healthy state may be in response to the wounding rather than the actual infection. By comparing these expressions to that of wounded, uninfected branches, this could also be clarified. Refer to individual Series