Similar Datasets
Project description:The medial pallium (MP) is the major forebrain region underlying learning and memory, spatial navigation, and emotion; however, the mechanisms underlying the specification of its principal neuron subtypes remain largely unexplored. Here, by postmitotic deletion of FOXG1 (a transcription factor linked to autism and FOXG1 syndrome) and single-cell RNA sequencing, we found that FOXG1 controls the specification of upper-layer retrosplenial cortical pyramidal neurons (RSC-PyNs (UL)), subiculum PyNs (SubC-PyNs), CA1-PyNs, CA3-PyNs and dentate gyrus granule cells (DG-GCs) in the mouse MP. We uncovered subtype-specific and subtype-shared FOXG1-regulated transcriptomic networks orchestrating MP neuron specification.
2022-10-19 | GSE215356 | GEO
Project description:Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is the most common neuropathological finding of medically intractable cases of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), the most common form of partial epilepsy. Within the dentate gyrus, HS may be associated with granule cell dispersion and aberrant mossy fiber sprouting, and these pathological changes are accompanied by a range of molecular changes. In this study, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of dentate granule cells of MTLE patients with and without HS to show that next-generation sequencing methods can produce interpretable genomic data from RNA collected from small homogenous cell populations and to shed light on the transcriptional changes associated with HS. 12 samples of dentate granule cells from patients with mesial tempora lobe epilepsy, 5 with hippocampal sclerosis and 7 without hippocampal sclerosis. 10 samples had replicates.
2016-06-29 | E-GEOD-71058 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Whereas the gill chambers of extant jawless vertebrates (lampreys and hagfish) open directly into the environment, jawed vertebrates have evolved skeletal appendages that promote the unidirectional flow of oxygenated water over the gills. A major anatomical difference between the two jawed vertebrate lineages is the presence of a single operculum covering a large common gill cavity in bony fishes versus separate covers for each gill chamber in cartilaginous fishes. Here we find that these divergent gill cover patterns correlate with the pharyngeal arch expression of Pou3f3 orthologs, and we identify a deeply conserved Pou3f3 arch enhancer that is present in nearly all jawed vertebrates but undetectable in lampreys. Despite only minor sequence differences, bony fish and cartilaginous fish versions of this enhancer are sufficient to drive the respective single versus multiple gill arch expression. In zebrafish, loss of Pou3f3 gene function or its conserved enhancer disrupts gill cover formation. Conversely, forced expression of Pou3f3b in the gill arches generates ectopic skeletal elements reminiscent of the multiple gill covers of cartilaginous fish. Emergence and modification of this ancient Pou3f3 enhancer may thus have contributed to the acquisition and diversification of gill covers during early gnathostome evolution.
2020-06-17 | GSE140636 | GEO
Project description:Circuit formation in the central nervous system has been historically studied during development, after which cell-autonomous and nonautonomous wiring factors inactivate. In principle, balanced reactivation of such factors could enable further wiring in adults, but their relative contributions may be circuit dependent and are largely unknown. Here, we investigated hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting to gain insight into wiring mechanisms in mature circuits. We found that sole ectopic expression of Id2 in granule cells is capable of driving mossy fiber sprouting in healthy adult mouse and rat. Mice with the new mossy fiber circuit solved spatial problems equally well as controls but appeared to rely on local rather than global spatial cues. Our results demonstrate reprogrammed connectivity in mature neurons by one defined factor and an assembly of a new synaptic circuit in adult brain.
2021-10-02 | GSE161619 | GEO
Project description:Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is the most common neuropathological finding of medically intractable cases of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), the most common form of partial epilepsy. Within the dentate gyrus, HS may be associated with granule cell dispersion and aberrant mossy fiber sprouting, and these pathological changes are accompanied by a range of molecular changes. In this study, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of dentate granule cells of MTLE patients with and without HS to show that next-generation sequencing methods can produce interpretable genomic data from RNA collected from small homogenous cell populations and to shed light on the transcriptional changes associated with HS.
2016-06-29 | GSE71058 | GEO
Project description:Gills of teleost fish represent a vital multifunctional organ; however, they are subjected to environmental stressors, causing gill damage. Gill damage is associated with significant losses in the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry. Gill disorders due to environmental stressors are exacerbated by global environmental changes, especially with open-net pen aquaculture (as farmed fish lack the ability to escape those events). The local and systemic response to gill damage, concurrent with several environmental insults, are not well investigated. We performed field sampling to collect gill and liver tissue after several environmental insults. Using a 44K salmonid microarray platform, we aimed to compare the transcriptomes of pristine and moderately damaged gill tissue. The gill damage-associated biomarker genes and associated qPCR assays arising from this study will be valuable in future research aimed at developing therapeutic diets to improve farmed salmon gill health.
2022-03-24 | GSE186728 | GEO
Project description:The salmon gill poxvirus (SGPV) is a large DNA virus that infects gill epithelial cells in Atlantic salmon and is associated with acute high mortality disease outbreaks in aquaculture. The pathological effects of SGPV infection include gill epithelial apoptosis in the acute phase of the disease and hyperplasia of gill epithelial cells in surviving fish, causing damage to the gill respiratory surface. Transcriptome responses to virus were assessed in gills at different stages of disease
2020-05-30 | GSE151463 | GEO